Objective To develop a quantitative assay method for the determination of tissue factor. Methods Lyophilized prothrombin complex was used as the source of factor Ⅶ,Ⅹ. Synthetic chromogenic substrate (S2222)was hydrolyzed into p nitroaniline. The absorbency of p nitroaniline measured spectrophotometrically at 405 nm is proportional to TF quantity in logarithm ( r =0.998). Results The linear range was from 10 U to 10 5 U. Low and high coefficients of variation were 10.3%, 6.6% within day and 18.1%, 10.2% day to day. Conclusions The method is very simple, sensitive, with good linearity, and applicable to quantitation of TF activity quickly.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of "healthy eating plate" based dietary management on diabetic inpatients. Methods: The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) admitted to Daishan First People's Hospital from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group was given "healthy eating plate" based dietary management, while the control group was given routine dietary management. Demographic data and physical examination results were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were detected at admission, discharge and 3 months after discharge, and compared between the two groups by covariance and generalized estimating equation. Results: here were 52 patients aged (55.83±9.67) years in the intervention group, with 29 (55.77%) males and 23 (44.23%) females. There were 53 patients aged (57.54±11.09) years in the control group, with 32 (60.38%) males and 21 (39.62%) females. There were no significant differences in FPG, HbA1c, TG and TC levels between two groups at discharge (P>0.05). The level of HbA1c in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months after discharge (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in FPG, TG and TC levels (P>0.05). Conclusion The "healthy eating plate" based dietary management can better control the blood glucose of diabetic patients, and can help maintain the dietary treatment. It is worthy of promotion in diabetic patients.

Objective: To evaluate the service competence of 99 smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide reference for the improvement. Methods: The questionnaire, prepared by Tobacco Control Office of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, was used to investigate all the smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province, to score the basic and developmental indicators, and to assess the qualified rates ( basic indicators >50 points and total scores >60 points ). Results: There were 99 smoking cessation clinics, with 52 in secondary hospitals and 47 in tertiary hospitals. The overall assessment scored from 11 to 96 points, with an average of ( 53.99±16.56 ) points. The smoking cessation clinics in secondary and tertiary hospitals scored ( 53.92±15.88 ) points and ( 54.06±17.45 ) points. The scores of basic and developmental indicators were ( 45.66±12.16 ) points and ( 8.33±5.39 ) points, with the scoring rates of 65.23% and 27.77%. The overall assessment of 43 smoking cessation clinics were qualified and the rate was 43.43%, which was 44.23% in secondary hospitals and 42.55% in tertiary hospitals. Conclusion The qualified rate of smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province was 43.43%, which was similar between second hospitals and tertiary hospitals.

OBJECTIVETo establish objectively biomechanical criteria for temporomandibular joint disc tissue engineerings.

METHODSEight temporomandibular joint discs from a four-month-old goat were separated completely. A cylindrical sample with diameter of 3 mm in the anterior, intermediate, and posterior bands was obtained, and the samples underwent pre-compression test with three cycles under a speed of 0.025 mm · s⁻¹. With the end condition for the maximum load of less than 4.9 N and 1.5 mm compression displacement, the formal compression test was performed with the same speed. Moreover, this test obtained the stress-strain relationship and elastic modulus of each disc band. Ultrastructure and collagen fiber orientation of the district zone were observed by scanning electron microscope and polarized light microscope.

RESULTS1) The physiological strain range of an articular disc was within 10%, and the quasilinear constitutive equation of articular disc tissues can be fitted with the polynomial function: y = ax + bx² + cx³. 2) The elastic modulus of the intermediate disc zone was the largest (P < 0.05). No significant difference existed between the anterior and posterior bands (P = 0.361). 3) Scanning electron microscope and polarized light microscope showed an annular disc collagen network structure, which was the internal part of the goat temporomandibular joint disc. The collagen arrangement of intermediate bands was tensely arranged anterior-posteriorly. The collagen of anterior and posterior bands went through mediolaterally with intersection of anterior-posterior branch fibersd.

CONCLUSIONAnnular collagen network structure is the basis for goat temporomandibular joint disc compression resistance properties. The intermediate band demonstrated higher compression resistance performance than the anterior and posterior bands.

During the past 100 years, there had been four global pandemics on influenza that had greatly influenced the health and life of the people. This article summarized the features, experiences and lessons learned on these four influenza pandemics so as to prepare related measures targeting the possible pandemics/epidemics in the foreseeable future, in China.
China ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology* ; Pandemics

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional level and thyroid function of pregnant and lactating women in rural areas of Jilin province. Methods The investigation sites were selected from rural areas of three towns (Baoshan, Mingcheng and Yantongshan of Panshi county, Jilin province) in 2009. The pregnant and lactating women were selected as subjects in these three towns. The blood samples were collected and the thyroid function (including serum TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4) were measured with chemiluminescence, and serum thyroglobulin antibodies(TgAb), thyromicrosome antibody(TMAb), and thyroglobulin(Tg) were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). The urine samples were collected three times within one month and were measured for iodine concentration by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometry method. Results In the pregnant women, serum TT3 was higher than that of healthy pregnant women, accounted for 14.3%(8/56), while serum TT4, TT3, FT4 were lower than those of healthy pregnant women, accounted for 3.6%(2/56),5.4% (3/56), and 1.8%(1/56), respectively. In the lactating women,serum TT3 was higher than that of healthy lactating women, accounted for 3.6%(2/56), while serum TT4, FT4 were lower than those of healthy lactating women, accounted for 1.8%(1/56), respectively. Five per cent to 20% of the pregnant and lactating women had higher TgAb and TMAb. Conclusions Existing salt iodine level is appropriate for pregnant women and lactating women, but there was a tendency towards hypothyroid in some women. Routine monitoring of urinary iodine and thyroid function should be carried out among pregnant and lactating women.

INTRODUCTION: Acne vulgaris has multifactorial causes. Prolonged systemic antibiotics are often necessary because relapse of lesions occurs upon its discontinuation. Currently, antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern. Androgen inhibitors like metformin may decrease need for antibiotics and maintain adequate control of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of metformin versus placebo as an adjunct to lymecycline and adapalene+benzoyl peroxide gel in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris METHODS: Patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris received either metformin or placebo tablets, together with lymecycline and adapalene+benzoyl peroxide gel. Lymecycline was taken for six weeks. The rest were given for 18 weeks. Evaluation was done biweekly using the mean reduction rates of non-inflammatory, inflammatory and total lesion count, modified global severity score, subjective self-assessment score, Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) score, and cutaneous and systemic adverse events. RESULTS: Forty patients were selected for the trial. Mean reduction rates of the non-inflammatory lesion counts of the two groups were comparable (p>0.05). Mean reduction rates of the inflammatory and total lesion count in the metformin group were higher than the placebo group (p<0.05). The mean modified global severity score of the metformin group was lower than the placebo group (p=0.034). Mean DLQI scores decreased in both groups (p<0.0001). Subjective self-assessment scores improved in both groups with comparable results. Cutaneous adverse events (erythema, pain, scaling, and dryness) were tolerable. Systemic adverse events (diarrhea, flatulence, headache, and epigastric pain) were self-limited CONCLUSION: Metformin is an effective and safe adjunct in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris.
Lymecycline ; Metformin ; Acne Vulgaris

Objective To express, purify and refold recombinant luteinizing hormone releasing hormone-angiogenin(LHRH-Ang) toxin using E. coli. expression system. Methods Recombinant LHRHAng expression vector was constructed by replacing of EGF fragment in plasmid pET28a/EGF-Ang with LHRH-P Ⅱ fragment amplified from plasmid pET28/MSH-PEA0. DNA sequencing would be used to verify the correction of fused LHRH-P Ⅱ -Ang gene. Then, E. coli strain BI21 (DE3) was transformed by pET28a/LHRH-Ang vector. Expression of recombinant LHRH-Ang toxin was induced by Isopropyl-β-D-Thiogalactoside( IPTG ). Refolding effects of gradient dialysis was evaluated by SDS-PAGE. Results Prokaryotic expression vector pET28a/LHRH-Ang, containing LHRH-P Ⅱ -Ang fusion gene, was constructed by PCR amplification, restriction enzyme digestion and ligation method. Sequence correction of fusion gene was confirmed by DNA sequencing After IPGT induction, recombinant LHRH-Ang protein was expressed in BL21 ( DE3 ) as inclusion body ,it took 18.43% of total protein. Inclusion body was resolved in 8 mol/L urea and purified by DEAE-Sepharose FF column, the purity was 85%. Recombinant LHRH-Ang toxin was refolded and concentrated by gradient dialysis and PEG 20000, respectively. Conclusions Recombinant LHRH-Ang protein was expressed in E. coli and refolded successfully.

Objective Dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation are risk factors of cardiac fibrosis.This study was aimed to investigate their possible synergetic effects and underlying mechanisms on progression of cardiac fibrosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice.Methods Twenty-four ApoE-/-mice were divided into normal chow diet (control),high fat diet (HFD group),and HFD plus subcutaneously injection of 10％ casein (inflammation group) for 8 weeks.Lipid profile and serum amyloid A (SAA) were examined by clinical biochemical assays and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay,respectively.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and Masson staining were used to evaluate the myocardial accumulation of lipid and collagen.Collagen Ⅰ protein expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining.Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition related protein expressions were determined by Western blot.Results Serum SAA level was significantly higher in inflammation group [(127.42 ± 26.99) ng/ml] than in control [(15.40 ± 7.62) ng/ml] and HFD [(8.17 ± 0.72) ng/ml] group (all P ＜ 0.01).However serum levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly higher in HFD group than in inflammation and control groups[TG (7.53 ± 2.05) mmol/L vs.(3.43 ± 0.79) mmol/L ; TC (27.80 ± 3.99) mmoL/L vs.(14.94 ± 1.92) mmol/L ; LDL-C (11.56 ±2.56) mmol/L vs.(9.46 ± 1.31) mmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05).Foam cell formation in cardiac vessels.myocardial collagen deposit,protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ,CD31,and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were all significantly higher in inflammation group than in HFD group (all P ＜ 0.05) suggesting that inflammation contributes to the phenotype endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in heart.Conclusion Inflammation exacerbates dyslipidemia mediated cardiac fibrosis in ApoE-/-mice partly through enhancing myocardial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Objective: To investigate the origin of infection and risk factors of a case with SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with overseas countries in the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the COVID-19 control measures at ports. Methods: Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) and Beilun CDC conducted case finding and epidemiological surveys immediately after being informed. The general information, history of vaccination and the travel during the latest 14 days were collected from the positive case, and all close contacts were tracked. Saliva samples were collected for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing and whole-genome sequencing, and the sequencing results were aligned with the GISAID's EpiCoV database. The origin of infection and transmission route of the positive case was investigated. Results: A case was identified positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid during company M's routine screening in the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port on August 10, 2021, and was confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by Beilun CDC and Ningbo CDC on August 11. Whole-genome sequencing showed SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 ( Delta ) variant, which shared the highest homology with the virus sequence uploaded by Russia on June, 2021 ( Russia/MOW-RII-MH27356S/2021 ). The case was a bundling worker for overseas container ships, and reported communicated with foreign boatmen and contacted materials without protected interventions on the SINOKOR AKITA Container Ship between August 4 and 5, 2021. This ship anchored at Vladivostok, Russia from July 27 to 29, anchored at Ningbo Harbor on August 4, and departed on August 5. Then, 11 boatmen from this ship were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid on August 8. One asymptomatic case was reported in this epidemic; 254 close contacts and 617 secondary close contacts were identified, and all were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. No new cases with SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected until August 25, 2021, and the emergency response was therefore terminated. Conclusions The infection was a sporadic COVID-19 epidemic associated with overseas countries, which was caused by Delta variant infection through contacts with foreign boatmen or materials by a bundling worker in Ningbo-Zhoushan Port; fortunately, no epidemic spread occurred. Intensified closed-loop management and increased frequency of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test among high-risk populations, and improving the precision and rapid emergency treatment of COVID-19 epidemics are required for the containment of COVID-19 at ports.