Abnormalities, Multiple ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; abnormalities ; Kidney Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterus ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Vagina ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

<b>Objective:b> To investigate the second or third trimester pregnancy-related anxiety on small-for-gestational-age infants. <b>Methods:b> This study was based on Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study (MABC), with 3 040 maternal-singleton pairs finally selected for data analysis, from May 2013 to September 2014. The psychological state of pregnancy was evaluated according to a self-developed 'anxiety scale for gestation'. Small-for-gestational-age was defined as 'having birth weight below the 10(th) percentile at a particular gestational week', while large-for-gestational-age infants was defined as 'having birth weight above the 90(th) percentile'. Birth weight between the 10(th) and 90(th) percentile was classified as appropriate-for-gestational age infants. χ(2) test was used to compare the distribution of characteristics in pregnancy among three groups with different birth weights. Multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to evaluate the associations between third trimester pregnancy- related anxiety and birth weight. <b>Results:b> The incidence rates of small- and large-gestational-age infants were 9.6% and 16.6%, respectively. Difference between women with only one of the second or third trimester pregnancy-related anxiety syndromes and small-for-gestational-age infants showed no statistical significance. Women with both second and third trimester pregnancy-related anxieties might increase the risk of small-for-gestational-age infants (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.04-1.87). However, there was no significant difference between pregnancy-related anxiety and large-for- gestational-age infants (OR=1.05, 95%CI: 0.81-1.35) noticed. <b>Conclusion:b> Women with second and third trimester pregnancy-related anxiety appeared a risk factor for small-for-gestational-age infants.
Anxiety/psychology* ; Birth Weight ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/psychology* ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third/psychology*

The widespread application of implantable materials has brought about a corresponding increase in implant-related complications, with implant-associated infections being the most critical. Biofilms, which often form on these implants, can significantly impede the effectiveness of traditional antibiotic therapies. Therefore, strategies such as surgical removal of infected implants and prolonged antibiotic treatment have been acknowledged as effective measures to eradicate these infections. However,the challenges of antibiotic resistance and biofilm persistence often result in recurrent or hard-to-control infections, posing severe health threats to patients. Recent studies suggest that phages, a type of virus, can directly eliminate pathogenic bacteria and degrade biofilms. Furthermore, clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results with the combined use of phages and antibiotics. Consequently, this innovative therapy holds significant potential as an effective solution for managing implant-associated infections. This paper rigorously investigates and evaluates the potential value of phage therapy in addressing orthopedic implant-associated infections, based on a comprehensive review of relevant scientific literature.

<b>Objective:b> To explore the long-term effects of maternal pregnancy bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on emotional and behavioral problems appeared in their preschool children. <b>Methods:b> The study sample was a subset of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS). A unified questionnaire was used to collect basic information on both pregnant women and their children. Free BPA concentration in maternal serum was determined by high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to estimate the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. A total of 1 713 pairs of mothers and children were included in this study. Association between BPA exposure during pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children was evaluated with multinomial logistic regression model. <b>Results:b> Prevalence rates in 1 713 preschool children appeared as: 6.48% of emotional problems, 8.11% for conduct problems, 8.35% for hyperactivity/inattention, 2.86% for peer problems, 11.38% for prosocial behaviors and 7.94% for total difficulties. Subjects were divided according to the degrees of exposure and the results showed as: low exposure group (≤0.120 ng/ml), medium exposure group (0.120OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.161-3.029), more obvious in boys (OR=2.291, 95%CI: 1.126-4.661). <b>Conclusion:b> Maternal exposure to high level of BPA during pregnancy might increase the detrimental effects of abnormal conducts in their preschool children, more obviously seen in boys.
Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity* ; Child Behavior Disorders/etiology* ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Emotions/physiology* ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Mothers ; Phenols/toxicity* ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

<b>Objective:b> To investigate the relationship of thallium exposure and outcomes of births. <b>Methods:b> A total of 3 236 mothers who had visited in Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital between May 2013 and September 2014 were included in this study and their thallium concentrations measured from samples of maternal and umbilical cord blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results were correlated and evaluated with birth outcomes of the infants, using the multiple linear regression method. <b>Results:b> The median (P(25)-P(75)) of thallium levels in first trimester, second trimester and umbilical cord blood were 61.7 (50.8-77.0), 60.3 (50.8-75.2) and 38.5 (33.6-44.1) ng/L, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, the thallium levels showed an inversely significant association with birth head circumference (unstandardized β coefficient=-0.41, 95%CI: -0.76- -0.06) in the first trimester blood, and associated with reduced birth length (unstandardized β coefficient=-0.65, 95%CI: -1.25- -0.05) in umbilical cord blood. However, there appeared no significantly associations with birth weight, length and head circumference (P>0.05) in second trimester. On stratification by sex, in girls but not in boys, the thallium levels were adversely associated with birth head circumference (unstandardized β coefficient=-0.53, 95%CI: -1.05--0.01) in the first trimester and were associated with decreased birth weight (unstandardized β coefficient=-277.08, 95%CI: -485.13- -69.03) and length (unstandardized β coefficient=-1.39, 95%CI: -2.26- -0.53) in umbilical cord blood thallium. <b>Conclusions:b> Thallium exposure appeared a gender difference in newborn birth outcomes. In the first trimester, it was negatively associated with the birth head circumference, in the umbilical cord blood, and reduced birth weight and length in girls.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Environmental Pollutants/blood* ; Female ; Fetal Blood/metabolism* ; Fetus/metabolism* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology* ; Thallium/blood*

Background: and Purpose Recent studies suggested an increased incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the volume of CVT hospitalization and in-hospital mortality during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 171 stroke centers from 49 countries. We recorded COVID-19 admission volumes, CVT hospitalization, and CVT in-hospital mortality from January 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021. CVT diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes or stroke databases. We additionally sought to compare the same metrics in the first 5 months of 2021 compared to the corresponding months in 2019 and 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04934020). Results: There were 2,313 CVT admissions across the 1-year pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic year (2020); no differences in CVT volume or CVT mortality were observed. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT volumes compared to 2019 (27.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.2 to 32.0; P<0.0001) and 2020 (41.4%; 95% CI, 37.0 to 46.0; P<0.0001). A COVID-19 diagnosis was present in 7.6% (132/1,738) of CVT hospitalizations. CVT was present in 0.04% (103/292,080) of COVID-19 hospitalizations. During the first pandemic year, CVT mortality was higher in patients who were COVID positive compared to COVID negative patients (8/53 [15.0%] vs. 41/910 [4.5%], P=0.004). There was an increase in CVT mortality during the first 5 months of pandemic years 2020 and 2021 compared to the first 5 months of the pre-pandemic year 2019 (2019 vs. 2020: 2.26% vs. 4.74%, P=0.05; 2019 vs. 2021: 2.26% vs. 4.99%, P=0.03). In the first 5 months of 2021, there were 26 cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), resulting in six deaths. Conclusions During the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT hospitalization volume and CVT in-hospital mortality did not change compared to the prior year. COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with higher CVT in-hospital mortality. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT hospitalization volume and increase in CVT-related mortality, partially attributable to VITT.