Objectives　To understand the quality of life ( QOL) in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance， and investigate factors affecting their QOL.Methods　Using the SF-36 instrument to assess QOL among 108 patients with diabetes mellitus， 109 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 116 normal glucose tolerance subjects.Results　In subjects with diabetes mellitus， the proportion of general perceived health assessed to be excellent or good was 12.04%; as compared with the same-age people， the proportion assessed to be good or fairly good was 62.04%.In subjects with impaired glucose tolerance， the two proportions was 13.76% and 69.72% respectively.The total score attained excellent or good level was 72.23% and 83.49% respectively in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.The mean score of multi-item dimensions assessment (ranged from 58.33 to 87.38) decreased in diabetes mellitus; the lowest score being emotional role functioning and the highest mean score being physical functioning.Compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects， the mean score of physical functioning， physical role functioning， general health perception， vitality and the total score in diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased;and compared with in impaired glucose tolerance patients， the mean score of vitality， mental health and the total score was significantly decreased in diabetes mellitus.The resulst of correlation analysis demonstrated that age， occupationl， duration of disease， number of symptoms and complications， level of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour past oral blood glucose affected the QOL of diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusions　The results suggested that to enhance the QOL in patients with diabetes mellitus， control of plasma glucose， pay attention to psychological treatment and measures related to diabetes mellitus with different characteristics must be early adopted.

Objectives　To understand the quality of life ( QOL) in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance， and investigate factors affecting their QOL.Methods　Using the SF-36 instrument to assess QOL among 108 patients with diabetes mellitus， 109 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 116 normal glucose tolerance subjects.Results　In subjects with diabetes mellitus， the proportion of general perceived health assessed to be excellent or good was 12.04%; as compared with the same-age people， the proportion assessed to be good or fairly good was 62.04%.In subjects with impaired glucose tolerance， the two proportions was 13.76% and 69.72% respectively.The total score attained excellent or good level was 72.23% and 83.49% respectively in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.The mean score of multi-item dimensions assessment (ranged from 58.33 to 87.38) decreased in diabetes mellitus; the lowest score being emotional role functioning and the highest mean score being physical functioning.Compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects， the mean score of physical functioning， physical role functioning， general health perception， vitality and the total score in diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased;and compared with in impaired glucose tolerance patients， the mean score of vitality， mental health and the total score was significantly decreased in diabetes mellitus.The resulst of correlation analysis demonstrated that age， occupationl， duration of disease， number of symptoms and complications， level of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour past oral blood glucose affected the QOL of diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusions　The results suggested that to enhance the QOL in patients with diabetes mellitus， control of plasma glucose， pay attention to psychological treatment and measures related to diabetes mellitus with different characteristics must be early adopted.

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 ( NDM-1 ) belongs to B1 subgroup of metallo-β-lactamase.It can hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antimicrobials (except aztreonam).Most of blaNDM-1 gene was on plasmids, which can easily result in horizontal transmission.There are mainly three ways for human to acquire NDM-1 -producing bacteria, which are nosocomial infection, personal travel and community acquisi-tion.The detection methods of NDM-1 are phenotype screening, pheno-type confirmation and gene confirmation. This review summarized the epidemiology, molecular -biological characteristics, detection methods and prevention measures of NDM -1 -producing bacteria, aiming at enhancing the recognization, prevention and control of NDM -1 -producing superbug.

Objective To develop an analytical method for analyzing the unbound concentration of antofloxacin in human plasma .Methods A HPLC method was developed to determine the unbound concentration of antofloxacin in human plasma using ultra -centrifugation.The column was Alltima C18 (150 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm) with room temperature as the column temperature .The mobile phase was composed of 13:87 acetoni-trile-0.05 mol · L-1 phosphate buffer ( pH 3.0 ) with detection wave-length set at 293 nm, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1 .The method was validated for specificity , precision and accuracy , recovery as well as stability.Results The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.08-5.49 μg· mL-1 .The intra-day and inter-day preci-sion evaluated at lower limit of quantification and quality control levels were within 2.78%-10.03%.The recoveries calculated for the anto-floxacin were within 92.09%-108.96%from spiked plasma ultrafiltrate samples.Conclusion The analytical method is quick , precise and accuracy and could be used in the analysis of unbound concentration of antofloxacin in plasma.

Objective To evaluate the safety and tolerance of antofloxa-cin after high single oral dose in Chinese healthy subjects. Methods Thirty subjects were randomized into three dose groups (600, 800 and 1000 mg ) , each dose groups of eight subjects received study drug, otherwise two subjects in each group received placebo.Safety and tolerability were evaluated by monitoring adverse events, laboratory parameters, electrocardiography ( ECG ) and electroencephalogram ( EEG) .Results Totally 30 subjects finished study.No adverse event in 600 mg group.There were three subjects had 5 adverse events in 800 mg group, complained nausea and vomiting, considered related to study drug.In 1000 mg group, six subjects had 10 adverse events, including nausea, vomiting, dizziness and dot erythema of feet, related or probably related to study drug.There was no adverse event in placebo group. Conclusion After high single oral administration of antofloxacin hydrochloride, 600 mg was safe clinical maximum dose.

OBJECTIVE To prepare curcumin /berberine co -loaded self -microemulsion drug delivery system （CUR/BER- SMEDDS）and evaluate its physicochemical properties and in vitro anti-tumor effects . METHODS Using CUR and BER as model drug，based on the screening of the type of oil phase ，emulsifier，co emulsifier and their mass ratio ，the formulation of CUR/BER - SMEDDS were optimized by central composite design -response surface methodology ，taking particle size and drug loading as evaluation parameters ，with the mass percentage of oil phase and the mass ratio of emulsifier to co emulsifier as factors ，and verification test was conducted . CUR/BER-SMEDDS prepared by optimized formulation were evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties，in vitro dissolution and in vitro anti-tumor effects . RESULTS The optimized formulation of CUR/BER -SMEDDS included that the oil phase was medium chain triglyceride （30.97%），the emulsifier was polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil （46.77%），the co emulsifier was polyethylene glycol 400（22.26%），and the mass ratio of emulsifier to co emulsifier was 2.10∶1. The validation experiments showed that mean particle size of CUR/BER -SMEDDS was（58.90±5.41）nm，the average drug loading was（94.94±3.87）mg/g，and the relative deviations from the predicted values were －2.90% and －0.14%，respectively. The CUR/ BER-SMEDDS prepared by optimal formulation was light yellow ，clear and transparent liquid after emulsified with water ，and its particles were spherical . The results of dissolution test in vitro showed that after SMEDDS was made ，the cumulative dissolution of CUR in artificial intestinal fluid and artificial gastric fluid and that of BER in artificial intestinal fluid were significantly higher than those of its raw material . Results of in vitro anti-tumor experiment showed that IC 50 values of CUR/BER -SMEDDS for PC -3 cells and DU -145 cells were （17.38±2.84）and（20.89±1.26）μmol/L，which were all lower than those of CUR and EBR significantly （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONS The optimized prepar ation process of CUR/BER -SMEDDS is stable and feasible . The drug release of CUR/BER-SMEDDS is more complete than that of single drug，and has stronger anti -prostate cancer effect in vitro .