1.A Study on the Chemosensitivity of Advanced Gastric Cancer.
Youngil CHOI ; Kyungwon SEO ; Kiyoung YOON ; Sangho LEE ; Kyunghyun CHOI
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2008;75(4):245-249
PURPOSE: Despite the reduced incidence and mortality of gastric cancer, this illness still remains the second leading cause of cancer death in Korea. Various adjuvant chemotherapies have been proposed for patients with advanced gastric cancer. Randomized trials comparing chemotherapies with best supportive care have consistently shown that cytotoxic treatment is of some benefit. Nevertheless, there has been no major improvement in the overall prognosis of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: We have examined the chemotherapy sensitivity of advanced gastric cancer specimens by using an ex vivo ATP based chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA). A variety of chemotherapeutic agents were tested. The one hundred and forty specimens we tested were from resection specimens. RESULTS: The histological tumor classification, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion and venous invasion affected the chemosensitivity of some drugs. 5-FU was a more potent drug than cisplatin, doxorubicin, iriontecan and methotrexate. The chemosensitivity of differentiated cancer was different compared to that of undifferentiated cancer. Doxorubicin and iriontecan were more effective in poorly differentiated, signet ring cell and diffuse type cancers. The manner of tumor invasion affected the chemosensitivity to some drugs. CONCLUSISON: Further study is necessary to assess the effectiveness of some chemotherapy drugs on advanced gastric cancer, including their effect on tumor recurrence and patient survival.
Adenosine Triphosphate
;
Cisplatin
;
Doxorubicin
;
Fluorouracil
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Korea
;
Methotrexate
;
Prognosis
;
Recurrence
;
Stomach Neoplasms
2.Laparoscopic Appendectomy is Feasible for Inexperienced Surgeons in the Early Days of Individual Laparoscopic Training Courses.
Kyungwon SEO ; Youngil CHOI ; Jaeyoung CHOI ; Kiyoung YOON
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2009;76(1):23-27
PURPOSE: Recently, laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has been widely performed in developed countries. In addition, minimally invasive surgery such as LA is a challenge to surgical residents. The aim of this study is to evaluate learning curve of residents in comparison to that of experienced surgeons. METHODS: Fifty cases of LA that were performed by experienced surgeons (group A) and forty-seven cases of LA that were performed by 8 residents (group B) were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Operative time was longer in group B (50.8+/-12 vs. 82.8+/-40 min. P<0.001). Hospital days of group B was shorter (4.8+/-2.4 vs. 3.7+/-2.1 days P=0.021). No other parameters were statistically significant. In group A, wound infection developed in 1 case. In group B, wound infection developed in 4 cases, intraabdominal abscess in 1, subcutaneous emphysema in 1. CONCLUSION: Inexperienced surgeons can perform laparoscopic appendectomy easily in the early days of individual laparoscopic training course.
Abscess
;
Appendectomy
;
Developed Countries
;
Learning Curve
;
Operative Time
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Subcutaneous Emphysema
;
Wound Infection
3.Evaluation of "Pink Test" for diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis.
Young Jin KIM ; Young UH ; Myung Seo KANG ; Kyungwon LEE ; Hwang Min KIM ; Hyun Soo KIM ; Young Hak SHIM
Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology 1991;11(2):397-401
No abstract available.
Diagnosis*
4.Predicting Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates, Using Whole Genome Sequencing Data
Hyunsoo KIM ; Young Ah KIM ; Young Hee SEO ; Hyukmin LEE ; Kyungwon LEE
Annals of Clinical Microbiology 2022;25(4):127-132
Background:
The application of genotypic antimicrobial sensitivity tests (ASTs) is dependent on the reliability of the predictions of phenotypic resistance. In this study, routine AST results and the presence of corresponding antimicrobial resistance genes were compared.
Methods:
Eighty-four extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from poultry-related samples were included in the study. The disk diffusion method was used to test for susceptibility to antimicrobial compounds, except colistin susceptibility, which was tested using the agar dilution method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using a NextSeq 550 instrument (Illumina, USA). Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected using ResFinder 4.1.
Results:
Concordance rates between the genotype and phenotype ranged from 35.7% (ciprofloxacin) to 96.4% (tetracycline). The presence of tet was a good predictor of phenotypic resistance.
Conclusion
The genotype was a good predictor of tetracycline phenotypic resistance, but there was a gap in the prediction of phenotypic ASTs for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. We concluded that WGS-based genotypic ASTs are inadequate to replace routine phenotypic ASTs.
5.Erratum.
Jisook YIM ; Yangsoon LEE ; Myungsook KIM ; Young Hee SEO ; Wan Hee KIM ; Dongeun YONG ; Seok Hoon JEONG ; Kyungwon LEE ; Yunsop CHONG
Annals of Laboratory Medicine 2015;35(6):666-666
This erratum is being published to correct the printing error on page 96.
6.The Evaluation of Recovery Rate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Two Bacterial Transport Swab Systems and Prevalence of Co-Infection after Delayed Transport.
Hyunmin KOO ; Younghee SEO ; Yangsoon LEE ; Hyukmin LEE ; Dongeun YONG ; Seok Hoon JEONG ; Kyungwon LEE
Annals of Clinical Microbiology 2014;17(4):110-114
BACKGROUND: Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection remains prevalent, and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has made the treatment and control of gonorrhea more difficult. Therefore, it is important to compare isolation methods and transport media to overcome gonorrhea via epidemiologic understanding and to determine co-infection rates with other sexually transmitted diseases among primary-care hospitals. In this study, we determine the recovery rate of transferred specimens according to type of transport media and co-infection rate using PCR. METHODS: Genital specimens were collected at three primary-care hospitals from January 2010 to November 2012 using transgrow media and commercial BD transport media. Culture and multiplex PCR were conducted to isolate N. gonorrhoeae. RESULTS: Among 162 specimens, 57 (35.2%) isolates were recovered, and 146 (90.1%) specimens were positive for multiplex PCR. The recovery rate was 29.9% (78/261) using transgrow media and 19.2% (50/261) using BD transport media. The most common co-infected bacteria with N. gonorrhoeae was Chlamydia trachomatis (15.8%), followed by Mycoplasma hominis (6.2%) and M. genitalium (3.4%). CONCLUSION: Under general transport conditions, the rate of recovery of N. gonorrhoeae was as low as 19.2-29.9% depending on the type of transport media, suggesting that molecular diagnostic methods are required to detect the remaining 70% of gonorrhea-infected patients. Co-infection with other sexually transmitted diseases was not rare, and other tests for accurate additional antimicrobial regimens should also be considered.
Bacteria
;
Chlamydia trachomatis
;
Coinfection*
;
Gonorrhea
;
Humans
;
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Mycoplasma hominis
;
Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
;
Pathology, Molecular
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Prevalence*
;
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
7.Needs Assessment for Developing a Nutrition Information Site for Elementary School Children Among Elementary School Dietitians.
Yun AHN ; Hyungmee KIM ; Jung Sook SEO ; Eun Young YOON ; Hyun Joo BAE ; Kyungwon KIM
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2007;12(4):405-416
This study was to examine the needs among elementary school dietitians (n = 115) for developing a nutrition information internet site for children. A survey questionnaire included general characteristics, internet use regarding health and nutrition information, and needs for developing a nutrition information site. The mean age of the subjects was 36.2 years. The higher working experience group (> 10 years of working as dieticians) had higher mean age (p < 0.001), had a larger number of enrolled students at school (p < 0.01) and the number of those receiving school lunch (p < 0.01) than the counterparts (< or = 10 years group). Sources of health and nutrition information were mainly PC/internet (60.4%) and seminar (14.4%). About 95% used health or nutrition information using the internet, however, the majority of users (71.6%) used internet information only when they needed it. Major reasons for using internet information was 'to get nutrition education materials' (63.8%) and 'to obtain general nutrition information' (21%). One third of the subjects were satisfied with nutrition information internet sites; major problems with internet sites were 'lack of content' (38.9%) and 'lack of practical information' (33%). These characteristics regarding internet use were not different between work experience groups. Major problems with nutrition education were 'lack of nutrition educational materials' (41.1%) and 'lack of nutrition education skills' (32.1%). These were significantly different between the work experience groups (p < 0.01). Subjects preferred CD/ internet to leaflet/booklet as nutrition educational materials. In developing nutrition sites for children, subjects wanted topics such as obesity assessment, dietary assessment, and obesity. Subjects responded that contents of nutrition information should be 'suitable to the children's knowledge levels' (31.1%), 'interesting enough by including quizzes, games and songs' (27.8%), 'inserting many illustrations/icons' (16.3%). In terms of designing internet sites for children, they wanted that internet sites should 'be easy enough to find the sites' (29.2%), 'use illustrations and characters' (24.8%), 'use communication channels such as Q&A' (18.7%). Needs for developing internet sites for children were not different by the work experience group. This study suggests that web sites for children should be carefully developed considering the contents and design, have less information with more illustrations, designed to induce the interest of children, as well as including sections such as eating habit assessment and games.
Child*
;
Eating
;
Education
;
Humans
;
Internet
;
Lunch
;
Needs Assessment*
;
Nutritionists*
;
Obesity
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
8.The Usefulness of Active Surveillance Culture of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in ICU Settings without Outbreak in the Situation of Wide Spread of Sequence Type 131 ESBL-Producing E. coli in Community.
Young Ah KIM ; Yoon Soo PARK ; Hyunsoo KIM ; Young Hee SEO ; Kyungwon LEE
Annals of Clinical Microbiology 2018;21(2):28-35
BACKGROUND: In the present study, the prevalence and risk factors for acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in intensive care unit (ICU) settings without outbreak in the situation of widespread sequence type (ST) 131 ESBL-producing E. coli in a Korean community was investigated. METHODS: Consecutive and prospective screening of ESBL-producing E. coli colonization was performed in all patients admitted to surgical or medical ICUs within 48 hours for two months. ESBL genotype was determined based on PCR and sequencing. PCR for O16-ST131/O25-ST131 was performed for all ESBL producers. Clinical information was obtained from a review of electronic medical record to determine the risk factors for ESBL-producing E. coli colonization. RESULTS: The colonization rate of ESBL-producing E. coli at ICU admission was 14.9% (42/281). CTX-M-15 (N=15), CTX-M-14 (N=12), and CTX-M-27 (N=10) were commonly detected using PCR of ESBL genes. Approximately half (45.2%, 19/42) of ESBL producers were ST131 clone with 14 ST131-O25 and 5 ST131-O16. In univariate analysis, independent risk factor for acquisition of ESBL-producing E. coli compared with controls was ICU type (odds ratio, 2.05; P < 0.032); however, site of acquisition, previous antibiotic use, and hospital stay were not significant risk factors. CONCLUSION: In this study, the colonization of ESBL-producing E. coli at ICU admission without outbreak was frequent and it could be an infection source, regardless of acquisition site. We recommend routine use of ASC to control endemic ESBL-producing E. coli considering the wide distribution of ST131-ESBL-producing E. coli in the Korean community.
Clone Cells
;
Colon
;
Electronic Health Records
;
Escherichia coli*
;
Escherichia*
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Intensive Care Units
;
Length of Stay
;
Mass Screening
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Prevalence
;
Prospective Studies
;
Risk Factors
9.Risk Factors Associated with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Escherichia coli
Young Ah KIM ; Ea Wha KANG ; Young Hee SEO ; Kyungwon LEE
Annals of Clinical Microbiology 2021;24(1):11-20
Background:
The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli— the most common etiological agent.
Methods:
Cases of recurrent and single episodes of UTI caused by E. coli were evaluated retrospectively for a period of 6 months (January-June 2019) to analyze the clinical and molecular characteristics of this disease.
Results:
Healthcare-associated UTI, E. coli bacteremia, and poor microbial clearance 7 days post infection were associated more with the recurrent episodes of infection. E. coli isolates from subjects with recurrent UTIs showed higher rates of antimicrobial resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. The E. coli clone— sequence type 131 was detected in similar proportions in isolates, recovered from subjects in both groups— recurrent episodes and single episode of UTI.
Conclusion
The control of antimicrobial-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli strains may be difficult using antimicrobial therapy and subsequently delay the clearance of the etiologic agent. This could play a major role in the development of recurrent UTIs.
10.Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of ExtendedSpectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli From Multiple Sectors of the Swine Industry in Korea: A Korean Nationwide Monitoring Program for a One Health Approach to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
Young Ah KIM ; Hyunsoo KIM ; Young Hee SEO ; Go Eun PARK ; Hyukmin LEE ; Kyungwon LEE
Annals of Laboratory Medicine 2021;41(3):285-292
Background:
One health is a flexible concept with many facets, including the environment, community, and the nosocomial super-bacteria resistance network. We investigated the molecular prevalence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in workers, livestock, and the farm environment in Korea.
Methods:
ESBL-EC isolates were obtained from samples from 19 swine farms, 35 retail stores, seven slaughterhouses, and 45 related workers throughout Korea from August 2017 to July 2018, using ChromID ESBL (BioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) agar and enrichment broth. The presence of ESBL and mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes and antimicrobial resistance were determined. Clonality was evaluated with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
Results:
In total, 232 ESBL-EC isolates were obtained from 1,614 non-duplicated samples (14.4% positive rate). The ESBL-EC isolates showed regional and source-related differences. blaCTX-M-55 (N = 100), blaCTX-M-14 (N = 65), blaCTX-M-15 (N = 33), and blaCTX-M-65 (N = 23) were common ESBL types. The ESBL-EC isolates showed high resistance rates for various antimicrobial classes; however, all isolates were susceptible to carbapenem. One swine-originating colistin-resistant isolate did not carry any known mcr gene. PFGE was successful for 197 of the 232 isolates, and most PFGE types were heterogeneous, except for some dominant PFGE types (O, R, T, U, and V). MLST of 88 isolates was performed for representative PFGE types; however, no dominant sequence type was observed.
Conclusions
The proportion of ESBL-EC in swine industry-related samples was significant, and the isolates harbored common clinical ESBL gene types. These molecular epidemiologic data could provide important evidence for antimicrobial-resistance control through a one health approach.