PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide preliminary data for a nursing intervention plan to promote happiness of mothers with infants. Therefore, factors affecting happiness of mothers with infants were investigated. METHODS: Subjects were 142 mothers with children aged 1 to 3 years, in daycare centers and kindergartens located in Busan metropolitan city. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS: Pressures pertaining to the parental role and distress related to subfactors of parenting stress, leisure activity (among subfactors of fathers' involvement in parenting), and marital satisfaction were significant predictors of happiness for mothers with infants. These variables explained 47.6% of the differences in happiness of mothers with infants. CONCLUSION Based on the above results, mothers with infants are happier when pressure and distress from parenting decrease and leisure activities resulting from fathers' involvement in parenting and marital satisfaction increase. Therefore, to increase the happiness of mothers with infants, the development of a nursing intervention program is necessary. Specific goals of the program should include promoting leisure activity (as fathers become more involved in parenting), decreasing distress from parenting, and improving marital satisfaction levels.

This study aimed to examine consumers' interest, preference, and consumption frequency of Kimchi in elementary school students in the fifth grade and their mothers living in Changwon city. In a comparison of eating habits, students exhibited better eating habits than their mothers (P<0.01). Though the mothers' levels, were higher than those of the students in the category of 'eat foods with a bit of salt usually', the students' levels were higher in the rest of the eating habit categories. The categories of 'like Kimchi', 'spicy taste', and 'appropriately spicy taste' got high levels. Among several kinds of Kimchi, both students and mothers preferred 'cabbage Kimchi' the most. Among various Kimchi foods, preferences for 'Kimchi pancake', 'fried rice with Kimchi', and 'tuna Kimchi soup', were highest in that order. The preferences differed between students and mothers in each category; mothers' preferences were significantly higher than those of students. However, in the rest of categories, except 'boiled kimchi and fish' and 'Kimchi and stir-fried spicy pork', students' preferences were higher than mothers' ones. Compared to their preferences, students' consumption frequencies were significantly higher than mothers' ones (P<0.01). There were positive correlations among students' eating habits, awareness of Kimchi, consumption frequency, and preference. For mothers, there were positive correlations not only between eating habits and awareness, but also between awareness and preference.
Eating ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates ; Mothers

OBJECTIVES: Gastric resection may predispose gallstone formation. However, the mechanism has not been clearly understood. To evaluate the relationship between gastric resection and gallstone formation, we compared gallbladder(GB) motility in gastrectomized patients and control subjects. METHODS: We compared the GB volume and ejection fraction of the 46 gastrectomized patients with 37 healthy controls using real time ultrasonography. RESULTS: GB volume increased significantly in the gastrectomized group in fasting (30.2 13.9 ml). The GB volume after a fatty meal was greater in the gastrectomized group (12.6 6.4 ml) than in the control group (4.3 3.3 ml) (p +ADw- 0.01). A significant reduction of ejection fraction was found in gastrectomized patients (56.9 13.0+ACU-) in comparison with the control group (75.5 16.1+ACU-) (p +ADw- 0.01). The GB ejection fraction had a poor correlation to the postoperative period (r +AD0- 0.232). CONCLUSION: A gastrectomy appears to be a risk factor of GB dysmotility, which may play a major role in gallstone formation in gastrectomized patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Cholelithiasis/ultrasonography ; Cholelithiasis/etiology+ACo- ; Comparative Study ; Eating ; Endosonography ; Fasting ; Female ; Gallbladder/ultrasonography ; Gallbladder/physiopathology+ACo- ; Gallbladder Emptying ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects+ACo- ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Probability ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Values ; Risk Assessment ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery+ACo-

We experienced two cases of factor XI deficiency in a 5 yearr 7 month-old girl, whose chief complaint was coke-colored gross hematuria, and her 9-year-old elder sister. The laboratory findings were prolonged aPTT and prominent deficiency of factor XI. The gross hematuria of the index case was identified due to acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. So we report two cases of factor XI deficiency with a brief review of the related literature.
Child ; Factor XI Deficiency* ; Factor XI* ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Infant ; Siblings*

As the elderly population is increasing, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a global issue and many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate treatments for AD. As these clinical trials have been conducted and have failed, the development of new theraphies for AD with fewer adverse effects remains a challenge. In this study, we examined the effects of Theracurmin on cognitive decline using 5XFAD mice, an AD mouse model. Theracurmin is more bioavailable form of curcumin, generated with submicron colloidal dispersion. Mice were treated with Theracurmin (100, 300 and 1,000 mg/kg) for 12 weeks and were subjected to the novel object recognition test and the Barnes maze test. Theracurmin-treated mice showed significant amelioration in recognition and spatial memories compared those of the vehicle-treated controls. In addition, the antioxidant activities of Theracurmin were investigated by measuring the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels. The increased MDA level and decreased SOD and GSH levels in the vehicle-treated 5XFAD mice were significantly reversed by the administration of Theracurmin. Moreover, we observed that Theracurmin administration elevated the expression levels of synaptic components, including synaptophysin and post synaptic density protein 95, and decreased the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), a marker of activated microglia. These results suggest that Theracurmin ameliorates cognitive function by increasing the expression of synaptic components and by preventing neuronal cell damage from oxidative stress or from the activation of microglia. Thus, Theracurmin would be useful for treating the cognitive dysfunctions observed in AD.
Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Animals ; Cognition ; Colloids ; Curcumin ; Glutathione ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; Mice ; Microglia ; Neurons ; Oxidative Stress ; Post-Synaptic Density ; Spatial Memory ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Synaptophysin