PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and CT findings of the medial depression and bony dehiscence of lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1472 PNS CTs of the patients with symptoms of chronic sinusitis were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The total incidence of depressed lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation was 3.5%(52/1472) on PNS CT. There was a statistically significant correlation between the increasing age and the incidence of delamina papyracea. Depression of lamina papyracea anterior to the basal lamella were more common those of the posterior depression. Associated findings were herniation of adjacent fatty tissue in all cases and the roedial bowing and hypertrophied configuration of the medial rectus muscle without significant herniation in 19 cases(34%). CONCLUSION: Nontraumatic, asymptomatic depression with bony dehiscence of lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation is not uncommon with the incidence of 3.5%. Recognition of its existence and degree may helpful in avoiding various ocular complication during ethmoid surgery.
Adipose Tissue ; Anatomic Variation* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis

Hibernoma is very rarely encountered and is expressed in the various names including "lipoma of brown fat", "fetal lipoma", and "lipoma of embryonic fat". In our knowledge, only about 50 cases have been reported in the literature of the Western world, and no case reports have been published in Korea. In May 1986, we experienced a case of hibernoma occuring in a 16 old years boy. On physical examination, a relatively well defined nodule was noted on the right scapular region. A total removal of the lesion was done under the clinical diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst. On gross examination, the specimen consists of three irregularly shaped portions of yellowish brown soft tissue, measuring up to 0.8 cm in greatest dimension. Microscopically, the tumor showed distinct lobular pattern separated by fibrovascular bands. The lobules were composed of multivacuolated or eosinophilic granular cells showing centrally located small unclei. A brief review of the literature was done.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and the site of osteomas and their relation to sinonasal inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1578 PNS computed tomography (CT) of patients with symptoms of sinusitis were evaluated and correlation with plain radiographic finding was done. RESULTS: The total incidence of osteomas was 0.82%(13/1578) on plain radiography and 3.29% (52/1578) on CT. Fifty-seven osteomas were found in 1578 PNS CT, including 2 osteomas in 5 cases. The most common site was the ethmoid sinus(54%, 31/57) and the next was the frontal sinus(35%, 20/57) on CT. Forty-five osteomas (78.9%) were associated with the sinonasal inflammatory change. CONCLUSION: The total incidence of osteomas from our results was higher than previous reports. And based on the analysis of CT, the most common site was not the frontal sinus as all the previous reports stated, but the ethmoid sinus, probably by virtue of high resolution of CT and/or higher prevalence of inflammation in the ethmold sinus.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Osteoma* ; Prevalence ; Radiography ; Sinusitis ; Virtues

PURPOSE: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. METHODS: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. RESULTS: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). CONCLUSION: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.
Anxiety ; Aromatherapy ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Research Design

PURPOSE: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. METHODS: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. RESULTS: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). CONCLUSION: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.
Anxiety ; Aromatherapy ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Research Design

To identify the neonates at the risk of having meconium aspiration syndrome, the perinatal characteristics and finding of fetal heart rate monitorings in 366 neonates who had meconium-stained amniotic fluid were retrospectively reviewed. The results were as follows; 1) Overall incidence of MAS was 0.7%. 2) Mortality rate of MAS was 5.8%. 3) The mean Apgar scores at 1-and 5-minute were significantly different in the two groups with and without meconium aspiration sydrome (MAS)(p<0.001). 4) PROM, postterm delivery and IUGR were the major obstetric risk factors associated with MAS. 5) Although severe variable decelaeration and decreased variability on FHR monitoring were present more often in the group with MAS, it showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. 6) The presence of above findings on monitoring and thick meconium in amniotic fluid should alert clinicians to the possibility of a fetus that requires intervention.
Amniotic Fluid ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetus ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome* ; Meconium* ; Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: We have experienced a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. METHODS: 39-year-old male patient complaint of proptosis and upper eyelid swelling of the left eye for 4 months. Orbit radiographs showed a 2 cm sized inhomogenous density mass in upper lateral aspect of the left orbit. Excisional biopsy was performed. RESULTS: Histopathologically, the mass was proved as an intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Postoperative radiopraphs showed no metastasis. Additional operation was performed to eliminate the remnant tumor near the lacrimal gland. The patient underwent a concurrent chemoradiotherapy and no recurrence or metastasis was found. CONCLUSIONS: We report a mucoepidermoid carcinoma which occurs rarely in lacrimal gland.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid* ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orbit ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: This study is to develop a hypothetical structural model of the quality of life of single aged women and to explain the compatibilities between the models and actual data. METHODS: Ten theoretical variables were used to evaluate of the quality of life of single aged women. 300 of single aged women were selected as the subjects. A hypothetical prediction model of quality of life was tested by the covariance structure analysis with PC-LISREL 8.12. RESULTS: Economy, religion activity, leisure activity, social support, self-esteem, depression and health prompting behavior were the significant variables which affected to the quality of life directly in the single aged women. But social support, self-esteem affected to them indirectly. Knowing perceived health status directly but it affected indirectly to the quality of life in single aged women. CONCLUSION: In this study, it was discovered that self-esteem was the most important factor to affect to the quality of life in single aged women and the next was the depression and health promoting behavior. As a result, it was discovered that age, economic status, self-esteem and depression were the significant factors to affect to the quality of life in single aged women.
Aged ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Models, Structural ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: To evaluate the risk factors for cataract formation and cataract extraction after penetrating keratoplasty to determine whether a combined surgery should be performed. METHODS: Variables from 189 phakic eyes that underwent penetrating keratoplasty from April 1992 to November 2004 were analyzed for the possibility of cataract extraction after penetrating keratoplasty according to sex, age, diagnosis, accompanied glaucoma, preoperative vision and steroid use. The mean interval between penetrating keratoplasty and cataract extraction was also studied. RESULTS: Cataract extraction was performed in 27 eyes (14.3%) and the mean interval between keratoplasty and cataract extraction was 24.5 months. Age was determined to be the most important independent risk factor for cataract extraction (p=0.0009) associated glaucoma also shown to be a risk factor (p=0.0011). Sex and corneal disease before keratoplasty were not shown to be risk factors. In the mean interval cataract extraction following penetrating keratoplasty, no statistically significant difference was found according to age, sex and diagnosis. Posterior subcapsular cataract was predominant (55.6%) and the mean visual acuity improved from 0.10 to 0.42. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of cataract formation and cataract extraction subsequent to penetrating keratoplasty increased with age and associated glaucoma. The results from this study can help surgeons to determine whether combined surgery should be performed and help them to counsel patients on the risk of cataract formation.
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Corneal Diseases ; Corneal Transplantation ; Diagnosis ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating* ; Risk Factors ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the status of tuberculosis (TB) infection control in hospitals. METHOD: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which self-administered questionnaires were used to survey 77 hospitals. Data were collected from August 12 to September 15, 2012. RESULTS: Only 27 institutions (35.1%) were monitoring patients infected with or suspected of having TB. Most hospitals were conducting TB prevention education for patients' family and employees, and TB screening for employees along with follow-up examinations. However, private negative pressure rooms were more often available in wards and intensive care units than in outpatient departments, and in institutions with over 700 beds located in Seoul or GyeongGi Province. Most hospitals ensured that masks were placed on infected patients while transporting them. In addition, efforts to control TB infection such as placing respiratory etiquette posters in outpatient departments and airborne infection signs on the doors in the wards were also well established in most institutions. CONCLUSION: More efforts are needed to improve the status of TB infection control to ensure quality care, especially in terms of monitoring patients with TB infections and making private negative pressure rooms available in outpatient departments.
Education ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Infection Control* ; Intensive Care Units ; Masks ; Mass Screening ; Outpatients ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Tuberculosis*