No abstract available.
Aortic Rupture* ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal*

Since the introduction of percutaneous mitral valvotomy(PMV) in 1984, PMV was an effecive alternative to surgical commissurotomy in selected patients with severe mitral stenosis. Also PMV was an excellent palliative strategy in such patients who were high risk for operative management or longterm anticoagulation was not feasible. We performed PMV in a patient with very tight mitral stenosis and severe pulmonary hypertension under the general anesthesia because the patient was anticipated to be uncooperative due to mental problem, who was diagnosed as schizophrenia 16 years ago. Robinol was used for premedication and i.v fentanyl was used for maintenance of anesthesia. Inoue balloon was introduced into the LV and gradual ballooning was performed with favorable results. Total anesthesia time and interval from internal jugular vein puncture to the completion of valvuloplasty were 1 hour 45 min and 40 minutes respectively. Hemodynamic variables were improved immediately after intervention and mitral valve area was increased from 0.5cm2 to 1.3cm2.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Fentanyl ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Jugular Veins ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Premedication ; Punctures ; Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical and radiological results of bilateral TKA with and without patellar resurfacing in osteoarthritic patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have prospectively studied 17 patients who had bilateral TKA and whose patella was resurfaced on one side and not on the other. Criteria of patient selection include no preoperative patellofemoral pain and bony eburnation of articular cartilage. The Ortholoc Modular. prosthesis was implanted on both sides by same surgeon using identical technique in all cases. The mean follow-up period was 10.6 years. Evaluation was performed annually using HSS (Hospital for Special Surgery) knee rating score and radiological parameters including tibiofemoral angle, width of patella, length of patella, thickness of patella, tilt of patella and shift of patella. RESULTS: On the basis of long term follow-up results, there was no significant difference between resurfaced and unresurfaced group in clinical and radiological study. According to radiological findings as time passed, tibiofemoral angle and patellar thickness decreased but patellar length and width increased in both groups. There was no relationship between HSS knee score and radiological result in both groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that long term clinical and radiological results of TKA does not depend on patellar resurfacing. Author can propose that patellar resurfacing is not always required in patients with relatively good condition in articular surface of patella.
Arthroplasty* ; Cartilage, Articular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Patella* ; Patient Selection ; Prospective Studies* ; Prostheses and Implants

No abstract available.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Telephone*

BACKGROUND: Video-assisted thoracic surgical procedure via thoracoscopy has recently gained popularity, as it avoids a thoracotomy, reducing intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain, respiratory dysfunction and hospital stay. However, to visualize adequately the intrathoracic structures, creation of artificial pneumothorax by carbon dioxide insufflation during thoracoscopy would cause significant hemodynamic compromise. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO2 insufflation into the pleural cavity on the hemodynamics and the arterial blood gas tension under general anesthesia. METHODS: Twenty-five patients, after intubation with single lumen endotracheal tube, underwent enflurane (1~2%) and N2O-O2 (1:1) general anesthesia. Before placement of a thoracoscope, the baseline mean arterial pressure and heart rate were obtained. Measurements were taken at 5, 10, and 20 min. after the beginning of carbon dioxide insufflation (3~5 mmHg) and 10 min. after gas evacuation. Blood gas analyses were done before, during CO2 insufflation and after CO2 evacuation. Data were analyzed using Student t-test. RESULTS: Positive-pressure CO2 insufflation (3~5 mmHg) caused a decrease of mean arterial pressure (5~7%) and an increase of airway pressure (1.5 times) and heart rate (13~20%) throughout the gas insufflation period (p<0.05). Blood gas analyses revealed no significant change. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that low CO2 insufflation pressures (3~5 mmHg) may cause cardiovascular depression during thoracoscopy. Therefore careful monitorings should be done during this procedure.
Anesthesia, General* ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Depression ; Enflurane ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Insufflation* ; Intubation ; Length of Stay ; Pleural Cavity ; Pneumothorax, Artificial ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; Thoracoscopes ; Thoracoscopy* ; Thoracotomy

No abstract available.
Epinephrine* ; Heart Arrest*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humeral tunnel characters and clinical relevance according to entry point of the humeral tunnel in the baseball players. It was hypothesized that the medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction with nonanatomical starting location of the humeral tunnel (inferior edge of the medial epicondyle: group NA) provided less favorable radiological and clinical outcomes compared to that with anatomical starting location (original footprint of the MCL: group A). The retrospective case review yielded 19 consecutive athletes who underwent isolated MCL reconstruction using the docking technique. Three dimensional-computed tomography scan was performed at 3 months, and the iso-surfacing by marching cubes algorithm were applied to evaluate the length and angle of humeral tunnel. Three outcome measures were used in this study: the visual analog scale for pain, range of motion and the Conway scale. The angle of the humeral tunnel was measured 12.2° (range, 7.9°–25.2°) in the group NA and 15.5° (range, 9.8°–30.4°) in the group A (p<0.05). The mean length of humeral tunnel is measured 16.3 mm (range, 11.7–20.1 mm) in the group NA and 15.2 mm (range, 10.3–19.1 mm) in the group A (p<0.05). MCL reconstruction brought substantial improvement in pain and function. However, between-group comparison revealed no statistical differences in all outcome measurements. The MCL reconstruction using the docking technique provided favorable clinical outcomes in baseball players. Although the humeral tunnel angle and length were different depending on the humeral entry points, clinical differences between the two entry points were not found.
Athletes ; Baseball* ; Collateral Ligaments* ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Analog Scale

PURPOSE: This study was performed in order to evaluate the factors related to the development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and prostate associated symptoms of professional taxi drivers in Korea, who had to abstain from adequate voiding on working time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study, including 192 professional taxi drivers and 120 sedentary desk workers (control group), was performed. The subjects were assessed by a questionnaire that was composed of three parts; structurized 13 basic questions including voiding abstinence, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). All possible factors that affect the presence of LUTS and prostate associated symptoms were analyzed, such as age, the duration of service, on-duty time per day, and length of voiding abstinence. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in age between the taxi driver group and the control group. The duration of service of the control group was significantly longer, however, on-duty time per day was significantly longer in the taxi driver group than the control group (p<0.01). The length of voiding abstinence during duty was significantly longer in the taxi driver group than the control group (p<0.01). The total score, irritative symptom score, obstructive symptom score, and quality of life score of the IPSS questionnaire were significantly high in the taxi driver group (p<0.01). Also, the total score, pain score, urinary symptom score, and quality of life impact score of the NIH-CPSI questionnaire were significantly higher in the taxi driver group (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: LUTS and prostate associated symptoms were more frequent and severe in the taxi driver group than the control group. The habitual abstinence of voiding and prolonged sedentary working environments could contribute to poor voiding function and prostate associated symptoms in taxi drivers.
Automobile Driving ; Korea ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Prospective Studies ; Prostate* ; Prostatitis ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Tract*

Eight strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi were isolated from Kyonggi area during January-February,1997. They were resistant to ampiciUin, amoxicillin, carbeniciillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim. Eight strains had one plasmid respectively which size was approximately M.W 220 kb and showed same restriction pattern by endonuclease HindIII. The plasmid was similar to the plasmid in size that was related to multidrug resistant S. typhi isolated from southeast Asia. It were transferred by conjugation to recipient E, coli K-12 in frequency of 2.43 x10-4 - 1.73 x 10-2 and transconjugant showed same drug-resistant pattem with donor cells. All of 8 strains produced B-lactamase that was assummed to TEM-1 type by isoelectric focusing and PCR.
Amoxicillin ; Asia, Southeastern ; Chloramphenicol ; Deoxyribonuclease HindIII ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing ; Korea* ; Plasmids* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Salmonella typhi* ; Salmonella* ; Tetracycline ; Tissue Donors ; Trimethoprim

No abstract available.
Female ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*