No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Humerus*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Humans ; Prolactin* ; Psychopathology*

The purpose of this study were to label nursing intervention activities performed by Korean nurses working in medical-surgical units by using Nursing Intervention Classification, and to compare nursing intervention classification in Korea with that in Iowa, and to link nursing interventions to nursing diagnoses. This research was done in two steps. At the first step, list nursing intervention activities were used by korean nurses working in medical-surgical units and categorize and label by using Nursing Intervention Classification. The 142 nursing interventions were identified. The nursing interventions had a three-tiered taxonomic structure composed 6 domains, 27 classes, and 142 nursing interventions. At the second step, 142 interventions were linked to 57 nursing diagnoses and validated by the following 27 experts: 6 nursing professors, 11 graduate nursing students who have specialty of medical-surgical nursing, 10 head nurses who have clinical experiences over 10 years. The method of expert survey used to established the content validity of linking nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions. Questionnaire was distributed to experts. In questionnaire, the intervention labels for each of 57 nursing diagnosis were listed. Exports were asked to rate each diagnosis according to the extent to which it was validated and to identify any interventions they believed needed to be deleted or added. The analysis of results indicated that the taxonomy was well developed. More than 80% of the respondents rates s wither very validate of validate on 44 nursing diagnoses. Only 13 diagnoses were rated as validate by less than 80% of respondents. Based on validity results, revisions were made by adding 60 interventions and deleting 1 intervention. Therefore, total 201 of nursing interventions for 57 nursing diagnoses were identified. The use of standardized classifications in the areas of nursing diagnoses and interventions facilitates communication and allow us to build large computerized databases which, in turn, through their accessibility will facilitate research and clinical decision making. A common nursing language will unit nurses and make nursing care an identifiable essence of health care. Also this study adds to the enhance quality of nursing care and build a unique body of knowledge in nursing.
Classification* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Decision Making ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Iowa ; Korea ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Diagnosis* ; Nursing* ; Nursing, Supervisory ; Students, Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Double uterus with unilateral hematometra and ipsilateral renal agenesis is a rare Mullerian duct malformation. This complex of anomalies is seen in adolescents and young women with progressive dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities and a pelvic mass. Appropriate preoperative diagnosis and treatment will prevent unnecessary procedure and offer relief of symptoms. We report one case of bicornuated uterus with unilateral cervical atresia and homolateral renal agenesis with a brief review of concerned literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Dysmenorrhea ; Female ; Hematometra ; Humans ; Unnecessary Procedures ; Uterus*

The purpose of this study was to use phenomemological perspectives to identify the meaning and structure of the exercise experiences in patients with low back pain. The participants were 20 patients who live in one city, The patients were asked to de scribe their exercise experiences. With permission of the subjects, the interviews were recorded and transcribed. Colaizzi's method was used for the phenomenological analysis. The investigator analysed the data to identify and categorize themes and basic structural elements. The process of the exercise experiences in patients with low back pain has three proposed phases : pre-exercise phase, exercise phase, post -exercise phase. 150 formulating meanings, 54 themes, 20 theme clusters were identified. The interview data were organized by theme clusters into 9 categories : 'difficulties with activities of Daily Living', 'Psychological Distress', 'Support', 'Effectiveness after Exorcise', 'Confidance of Healing', 'Importance of Exercise', 'Exercise Self-Efficacy', 'Control', and 'Barrier'. Since the importance of exercise and exercise self-efficacy were identified as significant factors in this study, it may be important to plan nursing interventions to assist clients to realize the exercise self-efficacy and importance of exercise. Also, continuous support from health professionals, family, and experienced persons are needed. Further strategies for reducing barriers should be devised.
Health Occupations ; Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; Nursing ; Research Personnel

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to assess the utility of prenatal triple-marker (alpha- fetoprotein (AFP), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE3) testing for chromosomal abnormalities in women with Down syndrome screen-positive results. METHODS: Total 1,082 women between 15 and 21 weeks' gestation received second trimester Down syndrome risk evaluation by triple marker testing. AFP, beta-hCG and uE3 were measured by Coat-A-Count(R) IRMA (Diagnostic Products Corporation, LA, USA), The risk for Down syndrome was calculated using a commercially available software program (AFP Expert; Benetech Medical System, Toronto, Canada) by use of a Down syndrome risk cutoff value(1:270 at midtrimester). Karyotypes were reviewed for 32 (54.2%) of these patients who received prenatal chromosome analysis. RESULTS: Fifty nine (5.5%) patients of the 1,082 women screened were identified as positive. Two chromosome abnormalities (47,XYY and 46,XX, int (9) ) were found in the 32 patients who underwent prenatal chromosome analysis (6.3%). Any cases on the abnormal serum tests torn out not to be associated with trisomy 21. CONCLUSIONS: Although triple marker screen appears to be an effective method detecting chromosome abnormalities there is a high false positive rate. Therefore, new screening test that reduce false positive rate is need to be introduced.
Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Down Syndrome ; Estriol ; Female ; Fetal Proteins ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Mass Screening ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

Hydrogen sulfide poisoning is frequently encountered in the workplace. Two workers lost their consciousness in an underground tank at a factory producing paper. The tank contained liquid mixture of used paper, sodium oxygenate chloride(NaOC1), and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate(NaSO3 5H90). A worker(worker A; 36-year-old man) entered tank to remove sludge. When worker A lost his consciousness, worker B entered the tank to rescue worker A, however he lost consciousness inside the tank. We discuss in detail the clinical features of this condition. Hydrogen sulfide poisonings have occurred in industries involving petroleum refining, the manufacture of heavy water, tanning of hides, vulcanization of rubber, and the manufacture of rayon. And it is necessary to stress the health education for workers and managers in these industries.
Adult ; Consciousness ; Deuterium Oxide ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide* ; Hydrogen* ; Oxygen ; Petroleum ; Poisoning* ; Rescue Work ; Rubber ; Sewage ; Sodium ; Tanning ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify pain intensity according to activities over postoperative days and to identify factors of patient satisfaction with pain management after abdominal surgery. METHODS: The subjects were 123 patients who were admitted at a general surgical ward and had abdominal surgery from Mar. 2005 to June 2005. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: The average postoperative pain scores were 6.13 at POD 1, 5.46 at POD 2, and 4.22 at POD 3. In stepwise multiple regression analysis a total of 40% of variance in satisfaction with pain management was accounted for by pain intensity on POD 3 at rest (29.4%) and attitude toward using pain medicine (6.6%), and side effects of pain medicine (4.0%). CONCLUSION: According to the findings of this study, patients had inadequate pain management after abdominal surgery. Therefore, nurses need to provide educational programs focused on changing attitudes toward using pain medicine, to reduce side effects of pain medicine, and to develop nursing intervention for relieving pain.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Humans ; Nursing ; Pain Management ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Patient Satisfaction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of self management of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, and to investigate the factors influencing self management. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 117 diabetes patients who visited the outpatient department of a university hospital from March to August 2008. Data were collected by asking the subjects to answer a 54-item questionnaire and were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. RESULTS: The total mean score of the patients in self -management was 4.38 out of 7. Medication adherence obtained the highest score under self-management, and the self-monitoring of blood glucose obtained the lowest score. Family support, self-efficacy, severity, and depression were found to be significantly correlated with self-management. In stepwise multiple regression analysis a total of 44.5% of the variance in self management was accounted for by family support, self-efficacy, severity, and depression. CONCLUSION: Therefore, a diabetic intervention program should be designed and provided for increasing family support, self efficacy, and severity and for reducing depression of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
Blood Glucose ; Depression ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Medication Adherence ; Outpatients ; Self Care ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires