BACKGROUND: Oxygen-derived free radicals are known to contribute to tissue injury during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Recent in vitro studies have shown that propofol has potent antioxidant properties. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of propofol on recovery of mechanical and coronary endothelial function in a myocardial stunning model. METHODS: Thirty-five dogs were acutely instrumented under halothane anesthesia to measure aortic and left ventricular pressure, pulmonary and left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) flow, and subendocardial segment length. After completion of the surgery, halothane was replaced by fentanyl- midazolam. Animals were then subjected to 15 min of LAD occlusion and 3 hrs of reperfusion under either intracoronary (i.c.) propofol (5 microgram/mL, n=11; 20 microgramg/mL LAD flow, n=12) or vehicle (saline, n=12) for 1 hr beginning 30 min before LAD occlusion. Percent segment shortening (%SS) and the slope of the preload recruitable stroke work (Mw), as an index of regional myocardial contractility, and peak lengthening rate (dL/dtmax) and percent post-systolic shortening (%PSS), as an index of regional diastolic function, were evaluated. Coronary endothelial function was assessed by examining LAD flow response to i.c. acetylcholine (ACh, 1 microgram over I min) and i.c. sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 20 microgram over I min). The myocardial content of malondialdehyde (MDA) from LAD area was measured to evaluate lipid peroxidation. RESULTS: Despite equally severe ischemic dysfunction during LAD occlusion, recovery of %SS was significantly improved during reperfusion by either dose of propofol compared to controls. However, Mw recovered to the baseline within 60 min of reperfusion in all three groups. In addition, propofol-treated dogs showed better recovery of both indices of regional diastolic function (dL/dtmax and %PSS) as compared to controls. Ischemia-reperfusion similarly attenuated the increases in the LAD flow by ACh in all the groups, whereas it had no significant effect on these increases in LAD flow by SNP. The increase in MDA induced by ischemia and reperfusion was significantly suppressed by either dose of propofol. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that propofol attenuates mechanical but not coronary endothelial dysfunction in postischemic, reperfused myocardium in an open-chest canine model. The protective action of propofol against mechanical dysfunction is probably due to its effect to reduce lipid peroxidation.
Acetylcholine ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Coronary Vessels ; Dogs* ; Endothelium* ; Free Radicals ; Halothane ; Ischemia ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Malondialdehyde ; Midazolam ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardial Stunning* ; Myocardium ; Nitroprusside ; Propofol* ; Reperfusion ; Stroke ; Ventricular Pressure

No abstract available.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Gallbladder*

Common peroneal nerve injury has been reported as the most frequent lower extremity peripheral nerve injury. The peroneal nerve may be particulary prone to direct or indirect injury by penetrating trauma or external compression by it's superficial route to bony prominence of fibular neck. By the development of microsurgical technique, recently epineural repair, fascicular group repair, and interfascicular graft were tried. The authors have experienced five cases microsurgical repair of common peroneal nerve injury around the knee joint from December 1990 to November 1991, and motor and sensory result was relatively good.
Knee Joint ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peroneal Nerve ; Transplants

Poor R-Wave Progression(PRWP) of precordial leads is frequently encountered electrocardiographic findings of uncertain significance and has simply been deemed as suggestion of anterior myocardial infarction without concrete ground. 217 cases with poor R-Wave Progression have been analyzed on clinical records and results are as follows. 1) PRWP was most frequently found in fifties and sixities, comprising 63.9% of the subjects. 2) Co-existent disease entities with PRWP were classified into three categories, cardiovascular diseases, chronic lung diseases and normal variants. 3) The cardiovascular diseases related with PRWP were mainly hypertensive diseases, comprising 59.8% of cardiovascular diseases, followed by ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathies. 4) PRWP may be an early sign of acute myocardial infarction in a certain part of cases, which was endorsed by typical clinical symptoms and enzyme studies. 5) As the criterion of PRWP, V3R equal to or less than 3 mm was thought more adequate for higher specificity rather than 4 mm.
Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Lung Diseases ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Brachial Artery* ; Female* ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Esophageal Atresia* ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula*

Purpose: To report the outcomes of extensively porous-coated femoral stems based on diaphyseal fixation caused by extensive bone loss and osteoporosis of the proximal femur in revision total hip arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: 14 cementless femoral revision procedures performed between Aug, 2000 and Apr, 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. The follow up period ranged from 24 to 53 months, with an average of 33 months. The average age at surgery was 52.3 years, there were 10 males and 4 females. The reasons for the revision surgery were aseptic loosening in 11(78.7%) hips, progressive osteolysis in 1(7.1%), septic loosening in 1(7.1%) and periprosthetic fracture in 1(7.1%). Results: The Harris hip score improved from 50.4 points preoperatively to 88.5 points postoperatively. The complications encountered were a greater trochanteric fracture in 2 hips (14.3%), periprosthetic fracture in 1(7.1%), dislocation of the hip in 2(14.3%), and minimal thigh pain in 2(14.3%). Radiographic evidence of a bone ingrown stem was found in 11 hips (78.6%), and 3 hips (21.4%) showed stable fibrous fixation. Stem subsidence > 5mm was noticed in 1 hip (7.1%) and > 10mm in 2 (14.3%) but there was no further progression after 1 year. Moderate stress-shielding was noticed in 4 hips(28.6%). To date, no significant wear or osteolysis has been observed. Conclusion: An extensively porous-coated revision stem appears to be a reasonable choice in the presence of proximal femoral bone loss as a short term follow up. However, the concerns related to the postoperative complications will require a longer term follow up.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Dislocations ; Female ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Osteolysis ; Osteoporosis ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Thigh

No abstract available.
Septo-Optic Dysplasia*

The purpose of this research was to investigate how university students' nutrition beliefs influence their health behavioral intention. This study used an online survey engine (Qulatrics.com) to collect data from college students. Out of 253 questionnaires collected, 251 questionnaires (99.2%) were used for the statistical analysis. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) revealed that six dimensions, "Nutrition Confidence," "Susceptibility," "Severity," "Barrier," "Benefit," "Behavioral Intention to Eat Healthy Food," and "Behavioral Intention to do Physical Activity," had construct validity; Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliabilities were tested for item reliability. The results validate that objective nutrition knowledge was a good predictor of college students' nutrition confidence. The results also clearly showed that two direct measures were significant predictors of behavioral intentions as hypothesized. Perceived benefit of eating healthy food and perceived barrier for eat healthy food to had significant effects on Behavioral Intentions and was a valid measurement to use to determine Behavioral Intentions. These findings can enhance the extant literature on the universal applicability of the model and serve as useful references for further investigations of the validity of the model within other health care or foodservice settings and for other health behavioral categories.
Collodion ; Delivery of Health Care ; Eating ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Intention ; Surveys and Questionnaires