No abstract available.
Bone Transplantation ; Maxilla ; Osteotomy

OBJECTIVES: The present study examines the relationship between depressive symptoms and subjective chewing and pronunciation ability in Korean seniors. Our goal is to provide the data required to develop appropriate oral health interventions programs for seniors. METHODS: The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) is widely used depressive symptoms assessment. A Korean version was used for the 2009 Community Health Survey, which was consulted to extract the present study's subjects, comprising 50,694 Korean seniors (males, 20,582; females, 30,112) aged ≥65 years. Those with a CES-D score ≥16 were rated 'depressed.' SAS version 9.3 was used for the data analysis. RESULTS: Prevalence of depressive symptoms increased as the subjects' socioeconomic status decreased, number of health issues increased, health behavior worsened, and chewing and pronunciation discomfort increased. Males with chewing difficulties were found to have 1.45 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 1.63) greater risk of depressive symptoms than those without, while males with pronunciation discomfort were found to have 1.97 times greater risk of depressive symptoms than those without (95% CI, 1.76 to 2.20). Females with chewing difficulty were found to have 1.50 times (95% CI, 1.39 to 1.61) greater risk of depressive symptoms than those without, and females with pronunciation discomfort were found to have 1.55 times greater risk of depressive symptoms than those without (95% CI, 1.44 to 1.67). CONCLUSIONS: Intervention programs designed to help with oral health management and alleviate depressive symptoms in seniors are urgently needed. As the prevalence of depressive symptoms may vary geographically, research examining potential variance at city, district, and town levels would be beneficial.
Aged* ; Depression* ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Mastication* ; Oral Health ; Prevalence ; Social Class ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the level of I-TAC in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome and its correlation with the tear surface parameters. METHODS: I-TAC levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in tear samples collected from 33 dry eye patients (16 patients with Sjogren syndrome and 17 patients with non-Sjogren syndrome) and 15 control subjects. The correlations between I-TAC levels and tear surface parameters including tear film break-up time (BUT), basal tear secretion, tear clearance rate (TCR), corneal sensation, keratoepitheliopathy and conjunctival goblet cell density were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean levels of I-TAC were 717+/-377 pg/ml in patients with dry eye and 444+/-119 pg/ml in control subjects (P=0.003). The mean levels in Sjogren syndrome patients (1261+/-324 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those of non-Sjogren syndrome patients (614+/-131 pg/ml, P=0.003). I-TAC levels correlated significantly with basal tear secretion (P=0.006), TCR (P=0.007), keratoepitheliopathy (P=0.022) and goblet cell density (P<0.001), but did not correlate with BUT (P=0.110) and corneal sensation (P=0.090). CONCLUSIONS: The level of I-TAC is elevated in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome including Sjogren syndrome. The level correlates with disease severity and tear surface parameters.
Dry Eye Syndromes ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eye ; Goblet Cells ; Humans ; Sensation ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; Tears

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed gene-expression profiles after 14 day odontogenic induction of human dental pulp cells (DPCs) using a DNA microarray and sought candidate genes possibly associated with mineralization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Induced human dental pulp cells were obtained by culturing DPCs in odontogenic induction medium (OM) for 14 day. Cells exposed to normal culture medium were used as controls. Total RNA was extracted from cells and analyzed by microarray analysis and the key results were confirmed selectively by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We also performed a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of the microarray data. RESULTS: Six hundred and five genes among the 47,320 probes on the BeadChip differed by a factor of more than two-fold in the induced cells. Of these, 217 genes were upregulated, and 388 were down-regulated. GSEA revealed that in the induced cells, genes implicated in Apoptosis and Signaling by wingless MMTV integration (Wnt) were significantly upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: Genes implicated in Apoptosis and Signaling by Wnt are highly connected to the differentiation of dental pulp cells into odontoblast.
Apoptosis ; Dental Pulp ; Gene Expression ; Genes, vif ; Humans ; Microarray Analysis ; Odontoblasts ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA

The retraction of anterior teeth could be performed more easier by inducing of skeletal anchorage system rather than by conventional method on orthodontic treatment. But, we wonder how effective the system draws well without anchorage loss and draws anterior teeth aside posteriorly, and if the system can reduce the time, in comparison with the anchorage of posterior teeth. For that reason we have studied on the subject of patients, who were required the maximum anchorage on orthodontic treatment and the cases without crowding. The subjects of the experimental group are 35 areas of 20 people who were inserted miniscrews after Mx or Mn 1st premolar extracted. Also, the subjects of the control group are 81 areas of 45 people who were not inserted miniscrews. Compared the anchorage loss of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the anchorage loss of experimental group is 1.034+/-0.891mm and control group is 2.790+/-1.882mm(P<0.01). Compared the space closing time of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the space closing time of experimental group is 369.40+/-110.81days and control group is 406.56+/-231.63days. But the result of comparing space closing time has no significance in statistics. We recognized that the experimental group is more faster than the control group in the canine retraction velocity from the result ; the speed of a experimental group has as much as 0.60+/-0.23mm/30days while the speed of a control group has 0.44+/-0.35mm/30days(P<0.05). So, we could convince that orthodontic miniscrew is used effectively in the cases required the maximum anchorage.
Bicuspid ; Crowding ; Humans ; Tooth*

The contour of mandibular angle is important for facial esthetics in the oriental population, because the wide and square face is thought to have had an unhappy life. A prominent mandibular angle produces a characteristics quardrangle, coase, and muscular appearance. So, uni- or bi-lateral mandibular angle reduction is usually performed. However, there is little guideline for bi-lateral angle reduction. So, this study was to investigate the pattern of Korean mandibular angle for bi-lateral mandibular angle reduction as guideline. This study was included 66 adult men and women over 19 years old who are having the normal mandibular angle. We measured the posterior border, angle, and inferior border of mandible using cephalometric view. The results of study was as followed : 1. The ratio of posterior mandible was 96.6, 97.3% in male, and 103.0, 106.0% in female. 2. The ratio of mandibular angle(R1-Go/R1-R2) was 120.2% in male, and 117.3% in female. 3. The ratio of inferior mandible(D5, 6, 7, E, F, G/D4) was 97. 3, 90.9, 79.5, 65.2, 57.8, 46.9% in male, and 98.5, 91.2, 80.5, 67.6, 59.1, 50.2 % in female. The results of this study should be useful to decide accurate amount of reduction.
Adult ; Esthetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Young Adult

Autoimmune Diseases ; Collagen ; Cyclosporine ; Fibroblasts ; Gingival Hyperplasia ; Gingival Overgrowth ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Background: To estimate the prevalence of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to compare the clinical features of RA patients with and without SS. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of RA patients who visited a rheumatology clinic in a tertiary referral hospital in Korea between May 20 and July 22, 2016. All patients fulfilled the classification criteria for RA, and the diagnosis of SS was made clinically by rheumatologists and according to the 2002 American-European Consensus Group (AECG), 2012 American College of Rheumatology (ACR), and 2016 ACR/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria. The prevalence was estimated as the number of SS patients within the total number of RA patients. The disease activity and treatment pattern of RA were compared between patients with and without SS. Results: Among 827 RA patients, 72 patients (8.7%) were diagnosed with SS by a rheumatologist, though only 60 patients (7.3%) satisfied the 2002 AECG classification criteria for SS. Fifty-two patients (6.3%) and 56 patients (6.8%) fulfilled the 2012 ACR and 2016 ACR/EULAR classification criteria, respectively. The prevalence of SS in RA patients was 10.5%, 17.0%, and 67.6% in rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody (≥ 1:80), and anti-Ro antibody positive patients, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of SS among RA patients was 8.7% according to rheumatologists' diagnosis. The presence of SS did not affect the treatment patterns of RA patients. However, the autoantibody profiles and demographics of RA patients with SS differed from those of patients without SS.

At orthodontic treatment, we have made every effort to get rigid anchorage which is not stirred when teeth move. As a result, the miniscrew that is rigid anchorage was invented recently, and now it is used widely. Concerning the advantage of miniscrew, it is reduced dependence of extraoral anchorage and it shortens treatment time for rapid tooth movement. In contrast, the defect of miniscrew is falling off it resulted from increasing of the mobility. So the purpose of this research is to be of help to prognose clinical use of miniscrew, which is inserted for intraoral anchorage, by investigating and comparing the failure rate of miniscrew for loading time. This study researches the failure rate of miniscrew for teeth movement at the orthodontic treatment. The failure rate of miniscrew in mid course, after inserting 147 miniscrews in 51 patients, is 13%(20/147). It showed no statistically significant differences as compared man with woman, maxilla with mandible, double-head with uni-head miniscrew, and drilling and non-drilling before inserting the miniscrew. In comparison below twenties with over twenties and the times that we give load to miniscrew, it produced that the failure rate of miniscrew is 9.7% higher in the case of below the twenties than over the twenties. Also, the failure rate of loading immediately is 10.8% higher than loading after 7 days. According to using driver for the insertion of miniscrew, the failure rate of miniscrew is higher in the case of using machined driver than in the case of using hand driver when the level of significance is 95%. According to the research, we can suppose that the failure rate has no concern with using miniscrew on man or woman, maxilla or mandible, the shape of head, and drilling or non-drilling before insertion of miniscrew. Therefore, we can choose eclectic miniscrew as demands. In addition, we must notify the patient, below twenties, to be possibility of high failure rate. And It is strongly recommended to give load after 1.2 weeks for healing of the insertion area.
Female ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

PURPOSE: The purposes of this investigation were to discover the possibility of clinical application in the areas of dental implants and bone grafts by investigating the bone formation histologically around specimen which was depending on the intensity of magnetic field of neodymium magnet inside of the specimens. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 1. Measurement of magnetic intensity - placed the magnet inside of the specimen, and measured the intensity of magnetic field around the 1st thread and 3rd thread of specimen 20 times by using a Gaussmeter(Kanetec Co., Japan). 2. Surgical Procedure - Male rabbit was anesthetised by constant amount of Ketamine (0.25ml/kg) and Rompun (0.25ml/kg). After incising the flat part of tibia, and planted the specimens of titanium implant, control group was stitched without magnet, while experimental groups were placed a magnedisc 500(Aichi Steel Co., Japan) or magnedisc 800(Aichi Steel Co., Japan) into it, fixed by pattern resin and stitched. 3. Management after the surgery. - In order to prevent it from the infection of bacteria and for antiinflammation, Gentamycin and Ketopro were injected during 1 week from operation day, and dressed with potadine. 4. Preparation of histomorphometric analysis - At 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the surgery, the animals were sacrificed by excessed Ketamine, and then, specimens were obtained including the operated part and some parts of tibia, and fixed it to 10% of PBS buffer solution. After embedding specimens in Technovit 1200 and B.P solution, made a H-E stain. Samples width was 75micrometer. In histological findings through the optical microscope and using Kappa image base program(Olympus Co. Japan), the bone contact ratio and bone area ratio of each parts of specimens were measured and analyzed. 5. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was accomplished with Mann Whitney U-test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. In histomorphometricl findings, increased new bone formation was shown in both control and experimental groups through the experiment performed for 2, 4, and 8 weeks. After 4 weeks, more osteoblasts and osteoclasts with significant bone remodeling were shown in experimental groups. 2. In histomorphometric analysis, the bone contact ratios were 38.5% for experimental group 1, 29.5% for experimental group 2 and 11.9% for control group. Experimental groups were higher than control group(p<0.05)(Fig. 6, Table IV). The bone area ratios were 60.9% for experimental group 2, 46.4% for experimental group 1 and 36.0 % for control group. There was no significantly ststistical difference between experimental groups and control group(p<0.05)(Fig. 8, Table VII) 3. In comparision of the bone contact ratios at each measurement sites according to magnetic ntensity, experimental group 2(5.6mT) was higher than control group at the 1st thread (p<0.05) and experimental group 1(1.8mT) was higher than control group at the 3rd thread(p<0.05)(Fig. 7, Table V, VI). 4. In comparision of the bone area ratios at each measurement sites according to magnetic intensity, experimental group 2(5.6mT) was higher than control group and experimental group 1(4.0mT) at the 1st thread(p<0.1) and experimental group 2(4.4mT) was higher than experimental group 1(1.8mT) at the 3rd thread(p<0.1)(Fig. 9, Table IX, X). Experiment group 2 was largest, followed by experiment group1 and control group at the 3rd thread of implant. There was a significant difference at the 1st thread of control group and experiment group 2. and at 1st thread and 3rd thread of experiment group 1 and 2, and not at control group experiment group 1.(p<0.1)
Animals ; Bacteria ; Bone Remodeling ; Dental Implants ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Magnetic Fields ; Male ; Neodymium ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis* ; Plants ; Steel ; Tibia ; Titanium* ; Transplants ; Xylazine