We wish to present a clinical study on 103 cases of eye surgery done during the period March 13. 1962 to October 14.1963 at the Presbyterian Medical Center. Data; 1. Sex; male 53, female 50. 2. Age; under 10 ............ 14. 11 to 20 ............ 11. 21 to 30 ............ 19. 31 to 40 ............ 7. 41 to 50 ............ 10. 51 to 60 ............ 14. over 61 ............ 28. 3. Diagnosis; senile cataract ............ 49, traumatic cataract ............ 4, juvenile cataraet ............ 3, congenital cataract ............ 3, chronic open-angle glaucoma ............ 15, exotropia ............ 8, miscellaneous ............ 21. 4. Procedures; intracapsu1ar cataract extraction with P.I. ............ 49, irideneleisis ............ 15, extracapsular cataract extraction with iridectomy ............ 7, enucleation ............ 6, miscellaneous ............ 53. 5. Complication; (59 cataract cases) stria te keratitis ............ 10. round pupil ............ 46. fridectomy ............ 13. corneoscleral sutures No.1 ............ 1. No.2 ............ 0. No.3 ............ 56. No.4 ............ 1. No.5 ............ 1. shallow chamber ............ 6. hemorrhages A.C. ............ 5. panophthalmitis ............ 1. We appreciated very much the help of our staff doctors and residents and especially the assistance of Dr. Paul S.Crane, Director of the Presbyterian Medical Center and Prof. Young Chae Kim of Catholic Medical School.
Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Diagnosis ; Exotropia ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Iridectomy ; Keratitis ; Male ; Panophthalmitis ; Protestantism ; Pupil ; Schools, Medical ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Growth Hormone* ; Testosterone*

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of body position and time after feeding on gastric residuals in low birth weight infants(LBW). METHODS: A repeated measures design was conducted. Twenty LBW infants being fed via indwelling nasogastric tubes were randomly assigned to one of 5 different position orderings. In each position, gastric residuals were measured at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes after feeding. RESULTS: In comparisons of gastric residuals with position and time, the main effects of position and time were statistically significant (F = 5.038, rho = 0.001; F = 429.763, rho < 0.001, respectively), but the interaction between position and time was found not to be significant. In pairwise comparisons, the gastric residuals were more reduced in the right anterior oblique and prone positions compared with the left lateral position (rho < 0.05) and the differences across time periods were significant (rho < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The body position after feeding has a significant affect on gastric residuals over time in LBW infants. The right anterior oblique or prone position is recommended rather than left lateral position after feeding. Knowledge of the proper position and the pattern of gastric emptying over time after feeding may lead to the development of evidence-based nursing care.

The neuroendocrine responses to surgical stress in man include release of ACTH, GH and prolactin in the serum(Cooper and NElson, 1962: Ney et al., 1963: Ross et al., 1966: Schlach, 1967: Gordon et al., 1972: Jeffrey et al., 1977). Data on serum LH and FSH during operation under general anesthesia have been conflictiong. Evidence has also been accumulated that serum LH levels are increased significantly in male patients during operation under general anesthesia in comparison of serum LH in males might be different from that in postmenopausal females with a very high basal level of LH and from menstrating females. Effects of surgical stress under general anesthesia with halothane-N2O on serum LH and FSH levels were studied in 12 menstruating female patients, 8 postmenopausal female patients, and in 8 male patients with no endocrine disorders, liver or kidney function impairment as judged by routine tests. Control serum samples were taken immediately before anesthesia and subsequent samples were obtained from the patients 30 minutes, 1hour and 5~6hours after the onset of anesthesia and on the second and seventh postoperative day. The concentrations of serum LH and FSH were measured by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay method. The results are as follows; 1) Preanesthetic levels of serum LH and FSH served as controls and were within range of normal values for male and female subjects in our laboratory. 2) In male patients, serum LH levels 1 hour after onset of anesthesia increased significantly over those of preanesthesia, while no significant intraoperative increase in LH levels was found in female patinets. 3) No significant change in serum LH levels was demonstrated on the second and seventh postoperative day except female patients, who showed significant decrease in the serum LH level on the second postoperative day. 4) No significant intracperative and postoperative changes in serum FSH levels were observed in male or female patients. From the above results, it may be concluded that significant intraopertive increase in serum LH levels occurs in male patients but not in female patients.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Female* ; Gonadotropins* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Male* ; Prolactin ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Hernia, Abdominal ; Herpes Zoster

A 7 year-old girl presented with generalized muscle weakness and delayed motor development. She was able to stand up at 15 months and began to walk at 4 years of age. A nerve conduction study showed severe demyelinating neuropa-thy .There was no family history of peripheral neuropathy, and her parents and younger brother were clinically and electrophysiologically normal. A sural nerve biopsy showed moderate loss of myelinated fibers with onion-bulb forma-tions. Many teased nerve fibers revealed typical tomaculous changes. However the molecular genetic study of the patient confirms the duplication of 17p11.2-p22 on a polymerase chain reaction using D17S261 as a primer but not in her parents.
Biopsy ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ; Child ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Biology ; Muscle Weakness ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Fibers ; Neural Conduction ; Parents ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Siblings ; Sural Nerve

Segmental myoclonus can be seen in variable lesions of the brainstem or spinal cord, but the pathophysiology of the segmental myoclonus is not fully defined yet. We describe three patients with delayed developed and chronically persisted involuntary movement restricted to one arm after mild cervical injury. Myoclonus developed 1 month later in 2 patients and the other 5 months later after the injury. They suffered from myoclonus for more than 2 months, 1 year, and 25 years, respectively. Clonazepam and phenytoin were tried, but not satisfactory.
Arm ; Brain Stem ; Clonazepam ; Dyskinesias ; Humans ; Myoclonus* ; Phenytoin ; Spinal Cord

Segmental myoclonus can be seen in variable lesions of the brainstem or spinal cord, but the pathophysiology of the segmental myoclonus is not fully defined yet. We describe three patients with delayed developed and chronically persisted involuntary movement restricted to one arm after mild cervical injury. Myoclonus developed 1 month later in 2 patients and the other 5 months later after the injury. They suffered from myoclonus for more than 2 months, 1 year, and 25 years, respectively. Clonazepam and phenytoin were tried, but not satisfactory.
Arm ; Brain Stem ; Clonazepam ; Dyskinesias ; Humans ; Myoclonus* ; Phenytoin ; Spinal Cord

Damage produced by radiation elicits a complex response in mammalian cells. Including growth rate changes and the induction of a variety of genes associated with growth control and apoptosis.At doses of 10,000 cGy or greater, the exposed indivisual was killed in a matter of minutes to a couple of days. With symptoms consistent with pathology of the central nervous system(CNS) including degenerative changes. The nature of the damege in irradiated cells underlies the unique hazads of ionizing radiation. Radiation injury CNS is a rare event in clinical medicine, but it is catastrophic for the patient in whom it occurs. The incidience of cerebral necrosis has been reportes as high as 16% for doses greater than 6,000 cGy.In this study, the effect of radiation on brain tissues was studied in vivo. Jun and p53 genes in the rat brain were induced by whole body irradiation of rat with 60Co in doses between 1 Gy and analyzed for expression analyses were done using 1.8 Kb & 0.8 Kb-pGEM-2-JUN/Eco RI/Pst I fragments, 2.0 Kb-php53B/Bam HI fragment and 1.1 Kb-pBluescript SK-ACTIN/Eco RI fragment as the digoxigenin or [alpha32P]dCTPlabeled probes for Jun, p53 and beta-actin genes, respectively.Jun gene seemed to be expressed near the threshold levels in 1 hour after irradiation of 60Co in dose less than 1 Gy and was expressed in maximum at 1 hour after irradiation of 60Co in dose of 30 Gy. Jun was expressed increasingly with time until 5 or 6 hours after irradiation of 60Co in dose of 1 Gy and 10 Gy . After irradition of 60Co in dose between 20 Gy and 100Gy, the expression of Jun was however increased to peak in 2 hours and decreased thereafter.P53 gene in this study also seemed to be expressed near the threshold levels in 1 hours after irradiation of 60Co in less than 1 Gy and was expressed in maximum and 6 hours after irradiation of 60Co in dose of 1 Gy. P53 was expressed increasingly with time until 5 or 6 hours after irradition of 60Co in dose between 1 Gy and 40 Gy. After irradition of 60Co in dose of 50 Gy and 100Gy. The expression of p53 was however increased in peak in 2 hours and decreased thereafter. The expression of Jun and p53 genes was not correlative in the brain tissue from rats.It seemed to be very important for the establishment of the optimum conditions for the animal studies relevant to the response of genes inducible on DNA damage to ionizing radiation in mammalian cells. But there are many limitations to the animal studies such as the ununiform patterns of gene expression from the tissue because of its complex compositions. It is necessary to overcome the limitations for development of in situ Northern analysis.
Actins ; Animals ; Brain* ; Clinical Medicine ; Digoxigenin ; DNA Damage ; Gamma Rays ; Gene Expression ; Genes, p53* ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Pathology ; Radiation Injuries ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Rats* ; Whole-Body Irradiation

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Humans* ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Receptors, Estrogen*