We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

A pathological fracture occurs spontaneously or with minimal trauma. The underlying pathological changes may be subtle and the diagnosis not obvious. The two goals in the treatment of pathologic fracture in weight bearing long bones are to provide relief of pain by secure fixation of the fracture and to permit early smbulation and a prompt return to prefracture status. Thirteen cases of pathological fracture were treated during the period from June, 1986 to February, 1988 at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital. The results are as follows. 1. Most patients were over 45 of age. 2. Malignancy was the common cause. 3. Most frequent involved site was femur. 4. Occured by trivial trauma such as slip down injury. 5. Satisfactory result by curettage, open reduction and internal fixation, bone graft or bone cement augmentation.
Clinical Study ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Heart ; Humans ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing

Endothelin(ET) is known as a family of potent hydrophobic, vasoactive peptide. We investigated the effect according to the concentrations of ET on intraocular pressure(IOP), aqueous outflow facility, pupillary diameter and light reflex and iris vessels. Twenty-four hours after injection of 2.5 microgram and 10 microgram of ET-1 into the anteriorvitreous of rabbit eyes, the IOP was reduced by 69% and 80%, respectively and did not return to the level of prefreatment until at least 14 days and 20 days, respectively. But the decrease of IOP was not due to the increased aqueous outflow. The pupillary diameter of ET-1 treated eyes was 1 to 2mm larger than the pretreatment. The time course of the pupillary effects generally ran paralled with the reduction of IOP. The iridial and conjunctival hyperemia was detectable during the pupillary dilatation. Endothelins are therefore potential participants in the local regulation of IOP, ocular blood vessel tone, and iris smooth muscle tone.
Blood Vessels ; Dilatation ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Muscle, Smooth ; Reflex

No abstract available.
Facial Bones* ; Mediastinal Emphysema*

PURPOSE: Prealbumin is known as a biochemical marker for assessing nutritional status, and it is influenced by a systemic inflammatory condition. This study aims to find any correlation between patients' low serum prealbumin in electrical burn and unhealed burn surface area and insufficient nutritional support. METHODS: Data were collected by a review of the medical charts of patients admitted to Hanil General Hospital for electrical burn. Laboratory results such as prealbumin, albumin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected and tested every week. Residual burn surface area (residual BSA) during a specific period was calculated from the surgery record. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 30 subjects were selected, all male. Average total burn surface area was 20.9±14.9%, and patients were operated on about three times after admission. There was statistical significance among all variables in Pearson's correlation test, but in multiple regression analysis, albumin and CRP were significant compared with prealbumin. CONCLUSION: The results could indicate that burn causes a systemic inflammatory reaction, which could affect the serum prealbumin level. Further study concerning the biological plausibility of each variable is needed.
Biomarkers ; Burns* ; Burns, Electric ; C-Reactive Protein ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritional Support ; Prealbumin*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop nurses’ core competencies and sub-competencies and to verify the validity and importance-performance of core competencies. Methods: The core competencies of nurses were derived through an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as a literature analysis of domestic and foreign accreditation institutions. Validity and importance-performance analyses were conducted on the core competencies derived from nursing colleges nationwide. Results: Six core competencies of nurses were revealed: integration of knowledge and nursing skills, critical thinking, communication, leadership, safety management, and global competency. Further, eighteen sub-competencies were derived. The content validity ratio values for the core competencies were higher than 0.74. Communication skills among multidisciplinary teams and communication skills among nursing teams were shown to be the most important competencies to be improved. Conclusion The results of this study are meaningful in terms of how the core competencies of nurses were derived and evaluated for the fourth cycle of nursing education accreditation according to the changes of time and culture.

Scar endometriosis is one of the rare conditions among the extrapelvic endometriosis, but it often occurs after pelvic operation and episiotomy. Four cases of scar endometriosis following Cesarean section and episiotomy were exp- erienced and treated with complete surgical excision. Therefore we reported these cases with concerned literatures.
Cesarean Section ; Cicatrix* ; Endometriosis* ; Episiotomy ; Female ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have shown that ischemic postconditioning can reduce neuronal injury in the setting of cerebral ischemia, but the mechanisms are not yet clearly elucidated. This study was conducted to determine whether ischemic postconditioning can alter expression of heat shock protein 70 and reduce acute phase neuronal injury in rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 min in twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g). Rats were randomized into control group and an ischemic postconditioning group (10 rats per group). The animals of control group had no intervention either before or after MCA occlusion. Ischemic postconditioning was elicited by 3 cycles of 30 s reperfusion interspersed by 10 s ischemia immediately after onset of reperfusion. The infarct ratios, brain edema ratios and motor behavior deficits were analyzed 24 hrs after ischemic insult. Caspase-3 reactive cells and cells showing heat shock protein 70 activity were counted in the caudoputamen and frontoparietal cortex. RESULTS: Ischemic postconditiong did not reduce infarct size and brain edema ratios compared to control group. Neurologic scores were not significantly different between groups. The number of caspase-3 reactive cells in the ischemic postconditioning group was not significantly different than the value of the control group in the caudoputamen and frontoparietal cortex. The number of cells showing heat shock protein 70 activity was not significantly different than the control group, as well. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ischemic postconditioning may not influence the early brain damage induced by focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Ischemia ; Caspase 3 ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Male ; Neurons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have shown that ischemic postconditioning can reduce neuronal injury in the setting of cerebral ischemia, but the mechanisms are not yet clearly elucidated. This study was conducted to determine whether ischemic postconditioning can alter expression of heat shock protein 70 and reduce acute phase neuronal injury in rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 min in twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g). Rats were randomized into control group and an ischemic postconditioning group (10 rats per group). The animals of control group had no intervention either before or after MCA occlusion. Ischemic postconditioning was elicited by 3 cycles of 30 s reperfusion interspersed by 10 s ischemia immediately after onset of reperfusion. The infarct ratios, brain edema ratios and motor behavior deficits were analyzed 24 hrs after ischemic insult. Caspase-3 reactive cells and cells showing heat shock protein 70 activity were counted in the caudoputamen and frontoparietal cortex. RESULTS: Ischemic postconditiong did not reduce infarct size and brain edema ratios compared to control group. Neurologic scores were not significantly different between groups. The number of caspase-3 reactive cells in the ischemic postconditioning group was not significantly different than the value of the control group in the caudoputamen and frontoparietal cortex. The number of cells showing heat shock protein 70 activity was not significantly different than the control group, as well. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ischemic postconditioning may not influence the early brain damage induced by focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Ischemia ; Caspase 3 ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Male ; Neurons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion