We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

A pathological fracture occurs spontaneously or with minimal trauma. The underlying pathological changes may be subtle and the diagnosis not obvious. The two goals in the treatment of pathologic fracture in weight bearing long bones are to provide relief of pain by secure fixation of the fracture and to permit early smbulation and a prompt return to prefracture status. Thirteen cases of pathological fracture were treated during the period from June, 1986 to February, 1988 at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital. The results are as follows. 1. Most patients were over 45 of age. 2. Malignancy was the common cause. 3. Most frequent involved site was femur. 4. Occured by trivial trauma such as slip down injury. 5. Satisfactory result by curettage, open reduction and internal fixation, bone graft or bone cement augmentation.
Clinical Study ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Heart ; Humans ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing

PURPOSE: Prealbumin is known as a biochemical marker for assessing nutritional status, and it is influenced by a systemic inflammatory condition. This study aims to find any correlation between patients' low serum prealbumin in electrical burn and unhealed burn surface area and insufficient nutritional support. METHODS: Data were collected by a review of the medical charts of patients admitted to Hanil General Hospital for electrical burn. Laboratory results such as prealbumin, albumin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected and tested every week. Residual burn surface area (residual BSA) during a specific period was calculated from the surgery record. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 30 subjects were selected, all male. Average total burn surface area was 20.9±14.9%, and patients were operated on about three times after admission. There was statistical significance among all variables in Pearson's correlation test, but in multiple regression analysis, albumin and CRP were significant compared with prealbumin. CONCLUSION: The results could indicate that burn causes a systemic inflammatory reaction, which could affect the serum prealbumin level. Further study concerning the biological plausibility of each variable is needed.
Biomarkers ; Burns* ; Burns, Electric ; C-Reactive Protein ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritional Support ; Prealbumin*

Endothelin(ET) is known as a family of potent hydrophobic, vasoactive peptide. We investigated the effect according to the concentrations of ET on intraocular pressure(IOP), aqueous outflow facility, pupillary diameter and light reflex and iris vessels. Twenty-four hours after injection of 2.5 microgram and 10 microgram of ET-1 into the anteriorvitreous of rabbit eyes, the IOP was reduced by 69% and 80%, respectively and did not return to the level of prefreatment until at least 14 days and 20 days, respectively. But the decrease of IOP was not due to the increased aqueous outflow. The pupillary diameter of ET-1 treated eyes was 1 to 2mm larger than the pretreatment. The time course of the pupillary effects generally ran paralled with the reduction of IOP. The iridial and conjunctival hyperemia was detectable during the pupillary dilatation. Endothelins are therefore potential participants in the local regulation of IOP, ocular blood vessel tone, and iris smooth muscle tone.
Blood Vessels ; Dilatation ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Muscle, Smooth ; Reflex

No abstract available.
Facial Bones* ; Mediastinal Emphysema*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop nurses’ core competencies and sub-competencies and to verify the validity and importance-performance of core competencies. Methods: The core competencies of nurses were derived through an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as a literature analysis of domestic and foreign accreditation institutions. Validity and importance-performance analyses were conducted on the core competencies derived from nursing colleges nationwide. Results: Six core competencies of nurses were revealed: integration of knowledge and nursing skills, critical thinking, communication, leadership, safety management, and global competency. Further, eighteen sub-competencies were derived. The content validity ratio values for the core competencies were higher than 0.74. Communication skills among multidisciplinary teams and communication skills among nursing teams were shown to be the most important competencies to be improved. Conclusion The results of this study are meaningful in terms of how the core competencies of nurses were derived and evaluated for the fourth cycle of nursing education accreditation according to the changes of time and culture.

Scar endometriosis is one of the rare conditions among the extrapelvic endometriosis, but it often occurs after pelvic operation and episiotomy. Four cases of scar endometriosis following Cesarean section and episiotomy were exp- erienced and treated with complete surgical excision. Therefore we reported these cases with concerned literatures.
Cesarean Section ; Cicatrix* ; Endometriosis* ; Episiotomy ; Female ; Pregnancy

A radial forearm free flap has been conventionally used for urethral reconstruction. However, aesthetic and functional complications occur frequently at the donor site. The use of a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap can resolve these disadvantages. Here, we report our case with a review of literature. A 69-year-old man visited our hospital with multiple contusions of the abdomen and genital amputation. After necrotic tissue debridement, the length of the residual corpus carvernosum was 1.5 cm and that of the corpus spongiosum and urethra was 1 cm. For the reconstruction of the penis, a SCIP flap and anterolateral thigh free flap was performed. The primary closure was performed at the donor site. Three weeks postoperatively, the patient had a urethral foley catheter removed. The neourethra was functioning well without stricture. Four months postoperatively, the patient had no complications such as urethral stricture. A good recovery was also achieved with no aesthetic deficits at the donor site. SCIP flap is appropriate for urethral reconstruction. Because of its proximity to the recipient sites, it makes surgical preparation easier and the primary closure at the donor site available. It is also advantageous in that its location is almost unnoticeable.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Amputation ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Contusions ; Debridement ; Forearm ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Male ; Penis ; Skin Transplantation ; Thigh ; Tissue Donors ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: To compare macular thickness measurements obtained from time domain optical coherence tomography (TD-OCT) and 2 spectral domain (SD) OCTs and to evaluate their repeatability and agreement in normal subjects and diabetic macular edema patients. METHODS: Fifty-four healthy, normal subjects and 26 diabetic macular edema patients were participated in this study. In a randomly selected eye from each subject, two serial macular measurements were obtained from TD-OCT (Stratus OCT) and SD-OCTs (Cirrus HD-OCT, Spectralis HRA+OCT) by an experienced technician in random order. Nine areas of macular thickness map and repeatabilities obtained by the 3 OCTs were compared. RESULTS: In relative repeatability, SD-OCT showed better results overall compared to TD-OCT. Macular thickness was greatest in the Spectralis HRA+OCT in both normal subjects and diabetic macular edema patients, followed by Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT. In normal subjects, regardless of the type of comparison between the machines there was a statistically significant difference in all 9 areas. CONCLUSIONS: While the TD-OCT and the 2 SD-OCTs are reliable for macular thickness measurement, SD-OCT has better measurement repeatability compared with TD-OCT. Because macular measurements obtained from the 3 OCT systems cannot be interchanged, an effort should be made to standardize the measurement of each system.
Eye ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Tomography, Optical Coherence