No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Aortic Coarctation*

Takayasu's arteritis is an arterial inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which most commonly affects the aorta and its large branches, and the pulmonary artery. This pathological condition which is prevalent in. Asian females results in occlusive changes in the lamina, often combined with dilation and secondary thrombus formation. It is associated with four main complications, which is Takayasu's retinopathy. secondary hypertension, aortic regurgitation and aortic or arterial aneurysms. The authors have experienced a case of Takayasu's arteritis (25 years old female) with severe retinopathy, complicated cataract. cyanotic engorged conjunctival vessels and new vessels as a collateral circulation in both eyes.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cataract ; Collateral Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pulmonary Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis* ; Thrombosis

Vertigo, a definite rotational sensation, consists of a variety of syndromes. The purpose of this study was to accumulate information on various aspects of vertigo or dizziness. We performed a retrospective study about vertigo patients, who had admitted to our hospital for recent 2 years. From January 1994 to December 1995, 214 patients with the complaints of 'vertigo' and 'dizziness', who admitted to the department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Hospital, were accepted for this study. All data were recorded on computer-oriented questionnaires in digital forms. The study forms consisted of five parts; (1) history and associated symptoms, (2) physical, neurologic and bedside examinations, (3) laboratory and brain imaging studies, (4) special tests including brainstem auditory evoked potentials and (5) clinical diagnosis. Of these 214 patients, secure diagnosis could be made in 186 patients or 86.9%. Of these, 92 patients had peripheral causes of vertigo, and 94 had central causes. Vestibular disorders accounted for the largest proportion of complaints of vertigo(48/92 or 52%). Of 94 patients with central causes of vertigo, vertebrobasilar insufficiency was the leading cause(25/94 or 27%). The most common site of the brain lesion proved by MRI was cerebellum(23/94 or 25%). BAEP study revealed abnormal findings in 6 cases of the 16 patients with central causes. This study not only offered a clinical information about vertigo, but also could be beneficial for further researches.
Brain ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Neurology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ; Vertigo

No abstract available.
Animals ; Ion Channels ; Rats

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyanate methacylate on the shear bond strengths to bovine dentin surfaces as a dentin primers. Seven experimental adhesives were made with different mass fraction of Isocyanatoetylmethacrylate (IEM), 40wt% HEMA (Wako Pure Chemical Industries Osaka, Japan), 0.6% camphoroquinone, 0.4% amine and ethanol as balance. dentin bonding agents (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12%) were made and applied on the surface of bovine dentin specimens of 7 experimental groups. Shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine (Instro 4466). To identify the ratio and modes of cohesive failures, microscopic examinationn was performed. The ultra-structure of resin tags were observed under scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows ; 1) A higher shear bond strengths (33.62 MPa) in group 8% of Cyanate methacrylate to dentin were found, but there were no statistically significancy between Groups (p > 0.05). 2) The higher ratio of cohesive failures mode in group 2, 6, an 10% could be seen than that in any other groups. 3) A shorter resin tags were observed in all experimental groups. This could be resulted that the preventing from the cyanate methacrylate penetrate into dentin owing to reacting it with dentin collagen. Therefore the resin tags were shorter in lengths. Whether the higher bonding strengths of dentin bonding agents can be affected was not been assured with statistic results. The results indicated that the relation between tensile strengths of the dentin adhesives to bovine dentin and resin tags formed into the dentin could not affected. The main reason of increasing the shear bond strength to bovine dentin in experimental groups could not be assured.
Adhesives ; Chemical Industry ; Collagen ; Dentin* ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Ethanol ; Tensile Strength

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyanate methacylate on the shear bond strengths to bovine dentin surfaces as a dentin primers. Seven experimental adhesives were made with different mass fraction of Isocyanatoetylmethacrylate (IEM), 40wt% HEMA (Wako Pure Chemical Industries Osaka, Japan), 0.6% camphoroquinone, 0.4% amine and ethanol as balance. dentin bonding agents (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12%) were made and applied on the surface of bovine dentin specimens of 7 experimental groups. Shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine (Instro 4466). To identify the ratio and modes of cohesive failures, microscopic examinationn was performed. The ultra-structure of resin tags were observed under scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows ; 1) A higher shear bond strengths (33.62 MPa) in group 8% of Cyanate methacrylate to dentin were found, but there were no statistically significancy between Groups (p > 0.05). 2) The higher ratio of cohesive failures mode in group 2, 6, an 10% could be seen than that in any other groups. 3) A shorter resin tags were observed in all experimental groups. This could be resulted that the preventing from the cyanate methacrylate penetrate into dentin owing to reacting it with dentin collagen. Therefore the resin tags were shorter in lengths. Whether the higher bonding strengths of dentin bonding agents can be affected was not been assured with statistic results. The results indicated that the relation between tensile strengths of the dentin adhesives to bovine dentin and resin tags formed into the dentin could not affected. The main reason of increasing the shear bond strength to bovine dentin in experimental groups could not be assured.
Adhesives ; Chemical Industry ; Collagen ; Dentin* ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Ethanol ; Tensile Strength

The fracture toughness test is believed as a clinically relevant method for assessing the fracture resistance of the dentinal restoratives. The objectives of this study were to measure the fracture toughness (K1C) and microtensile bond strength of dentin-resin composite interface and compare their relationship for their use in evaluation of the integrity of the dentin-resin bond. A minimum of six short-rod specimens for fracture toughness test and fifteen specimens for microtensile bond strength test was fabricated for each group of materials used. After all specimens storing for 24 hours in distilled water at 37degrees C, they were tensile-loaded with an EZ tester universal testing machin. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test at the 95% confidence level, Pearson's coefficient was used to verify the correlation between the mean of fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength. FE-SEM was employed on fractured surface to describe the crack propagation. Fracture toughness value of Clearfil SE Bond (SE) was the highest, followed by Adper Single Bond 2 (SB), OptiBond Solo (OB), ONE-STEP PLUS (OS), ScotchBond Multi-purpose (SM) and there was significant difference between SE and other 4 groups (p < 0.05). There were, however, no significant difference among SB, OB, OS, SM (p > 0.05). Microtensile bond strength of SE was the highest, followed by SB, OB, SM, OS and OS only showed significant lower value (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength values. FE-SEM examination revealed that dentin bonding agent showed different film thickness and different failure pattern according to the film thickness. From the limited results of this study, it was noted that there was statistically no correlation between K1C and microTBS. We can conclude that for obtaining the reliability of bond strength test of dentin bonding agent, we must pay more attention to the test procedure and its profound scrutiny.
Dentin ; Water

The fracture toughness test is believed as a clinically relevant method for assessing the fracture resistance of the dentinal restoratives. The objectives of this study were to measure the fracture toughness (K1C) and microtensile bond strength of dentin-resin composite interface and compare their relationship for their use in evaluation of the integrity of the dentin-resin bond. A minimum of six short-rod specimens for fracture toughness test and fifteen specimens for microtensile bond strength test was fabricated for each group of materials used. After all specimens storing for 24 hours in distilled water at 37degrees C, they were tensile-loaded with an EZ tester universal testing machin. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test at the 95% confidence level, Pearson's coefficient was used to verify the correlation between the mean of fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength. FE-SEM was employed on fractured surface to describe the crack propagation. Fracture toughness value of Clearfil SE Bond (SE) was the highest, followed by Adper Single Bond 2 (SB), OptiBond Solo (OB), ONE-STEP PLUS (OS), ScotchBond Multi-purpose (SM) and there was significant difference between SE and other 4 groups (p < 0.05). There were, however, no significant difference among SB, OB, OS, SM (p > 0.05). Microtensile bond strength of SE was the highest, followed by SB, OB, SM, OS and OS only showed significant lower value (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength values. FE-SEM examination revealed that dentin bonding agent showed different film thickness and different failure pattern according to the film thickness. From the limited results of this study, it was noted that there was statistically no correlation between K1C and microTBS. We can conclude that for obtaining the reliability of bond strength test of dentin bonding agent, we must pay more attention to the test procedure and its profound scrutiny.
Dentin ; Water