No abstract available.
Animals ; Capsaicin* ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Rats* ; Spinal Nerve Roots*

Six cases of a rare variant of endocervieal adenocarcinoma (Adenoma maligum, AM) were collected for clinicopethologic analysis. The everage age of six patients was 49.3 years, and their chief com plaints were persis(ent mucid or watery discharge and intermittent vaginal spotting, The clinical im presaion was carcioma of The uterine cervix in faur out, of six cases. All except one were pathologically confirmed by initia1 biupey. two cases by colposcopic biopsies, two by cone biopsies, one by cone biopsy after suggested AM in calposcopic hiopsy. One case was incidentally found from hysterectnmised speeimen, which waas suspected as adennmyosis. On gross examination, the cervix usualty appeared either firm or indurated with thickening af the wall excepl one which was presented es a fungnting mass. The characteristic histologic feetures were ext,ensive arborizing endeervical glands with marked variation in size and shape, and the glands lined by mucin conyaining columnar epithelial cells with basal bland looking nuclei but with occasional cytologic atypia and rare mitose. The nenplasi.ic glands were characterized by deep stronml invasion be yond normal enddcervical glands, assosiated with loose edematous periglandular desmaplastic stromal reaction in moat cases. Immunohistochemical stainnings for carcinoembryonie antigen (CEA) revealed ey- toplasmic positivity in five cases. The clinical stage for all exeept one incidental case were : four Ib and one II b. In three cases, the radical hysterectomy with unilateral salpingooophorectomy plus dissection of bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes was performed, and in one case radiotherapy was done prior to radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy plus the dissection of left pelvic lymph nodes followed by chemotherapy. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy plus Burch's operation followed by radiation therapy was performed in on case. The remaining one case was treated with radiation therapy. Metastasis to the left obturator lymph node was discovered in one case with state IIb, and the patient expired 29 months after the radiotherapy. The remaining five cases are being carefully followed up. From our experience, we conclude that the early diagnosis of AM can be made based on comprehensive analysis concerning the clinical features, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The early diagnosis and proper therapy can lead to the better prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma* ; Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Metrorrhagia ; Mucins ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy

Recently, it has been postulated that diabetic autonomic neuropathy is caused by reduction in availability of nerve growth factor (NGF) in enteric nervous system. This experiments were performed to determine the changes of the distribution of enteric neuropeptide by diabetes and these changes could be prevented by administration of NGF. Sprague Dawley rats (200~250gm) were made diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 65 mg/kg in saline. Recombinant human NGF (Sigma, Co., Ltd.) were administered at a dose of 500ng/kg subcutaneously every day for consecutive 4 weeks after streptozotocin administration. After 4 weeks, rats were anesthetized with ether and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. ileum was dissected and prepared by whole mount preparation method. Prepared segments were immunostained for substance p, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and galanin by PAP technique. For the observation of the interstitial cells of Cajal, segments were immersed in Champy-Maillet solution for 2 days Results obtained were as follows: 1. In myenteric plexus of diabetic rats, substance P-like and VIP-like immunoreactivity were not changed compared with that of the control group. CGRP-like and galanin-like immunoreactivity were decreased in diabetic group and immunoreactive cells for CGRP and galanin were also decreased 18.1% (P<0.01) and 43.7% (P<0.01) respectively. 2. In NGF administerd diabetic group, immunoreactivity of substance p, VIP, galanin in myenteric plexus were slightly increased and immunoreactive cells for substancre p, VIP, galanin were almost the same as that of the control group. However, immunoreactive cells for CGRP of myenteric plexus were not changed by NGF. 3. In submucous plexus of diabetic rats, immunoreactivity of all four neuropeptides(substance p, CGRP, VIP, galanin) were decreased compared with that of the control group. Immunoreactive cells for substance p, CGRP, VIP, and galanin were also decreased in 38.8%, 77.6%, 33.0%, and 35.7%, respectively (P<0.01). 4. In NGF administered diabetic group, immunoreactivities of substance p, VIP and galanin in submucous plexus were increased and the immunoreactive cells were increased significantly compared to diabetic group. However, immunoreactive cells for CGRP of submucous plexus were not changed by NGF. 5. Interstitial cells of Cajal of diabetic group were decreased 7.4% ovoidal cells (A type) and 28.3% round cells (B type) In NGF administered group, the morphology and the number of ICC were not different to the control group. With the above results, it could be assumed that NGF prevent the damage of neurotransmitter and ICC in enteric nervous system.
Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Enteric Nervous System ; Ether ; Galanin ; Humans ; Ileum ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal ; Myenteric Plexus ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Neuropeptides ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Peristalsis* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Streptozocin ; Submucous Plexus ; Substance P ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder joint is common disease causing acute pain, mainly involving the supraspinatus or infraspinatus muscle, and less frequently the teres minor or subscapularis muscle. This study reports on the satisfactory arthroscopic removal of calcium deposits as well as infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscle repair without relapse via minimal incision using suture anchors. This was a case of atypically extensive calcific tendinitis involving the infraspinatus muscle, with a bursal side partial rupture of the supraspinatus muscle in a 61-year-old female whose chief complaint was chronic pain of the right shoulder exacerbated by limited movement.
Acute Pain ; Calcium ; Chronic Pain ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder* ; Suture Anchors ; Tendinopathy*

To assess the effectiveness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with endorectal surface coil in the ataging of carcinoma of the uterine cervix with emphasis on parametrial involvement. Thirty women with clinically and radiographically proven carcinoma of the uterine cervix were initially included for this study, but thirteen patients were excluded since the stages of tumors wore beyond stage IIa. CT and MR findings of the remaining seventeen patients were performed at Cheil General Hospital and compared a1ong with clinical findings with the special emphasis on the parametrial involvement by the tumor. Staging was assessed by CT and MRI, and the results were compared with the pathologic staging. Radiea1 abdominal hysterectomy with the pelvic and paraaortic lymphnode dissection was done to all sewenteen patients. The staging made primarily by CT and MRI was either stsge 1 or Ila, but MR images with endorectal surface coil was superior to CT in the visualization of depth of tumor infiltration, especially parametrial involvement. The determination of the depth of the tumor made by MR images showed statistically significant correlation with histologic evaluation(R =0.768, p<0.01). The accuracy rate for the evaluation of the parametrial invo1vement was 82.3% far CT and 94.1% for MRI with endorectal surface coil. The overall accuracy rate for tumor staging was 70.5% for clinical, 58.8% for CT and 82.3% for MR evaluation. The accurecy rate in evaluation of the pelvic and paraaortic lymphnode was 88.2% for CT, but the evaluation done by MRl was not adequate due to small FOV(field of view). In assessment of The steging of careinoma of the uterine cervlx, MR images with endorectal surface coil was superior to CT, especially in the evaluation of the parametrial involvement.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neoplasm Staging

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be a good treatment option for avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. However, because dislocation can frequently occur after surgery, THA is a concern in patients with a neuromuscular disease, such as cerebral palsy or poliomyelitis. In patients with poliomyelitis, only one case of AVN of the femoral head in the affected limb has been reported in the English literature. Here, the authors report on a case of AVN of the femoral head in a patient with poliomyelitis, who was treated with a large diameter femoral head metal-on-metal THA using a modified minimally invasive-2-incision technique.
Arthroplasty ; Cerebral Palsy ; Dislocations ; Extremities ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Poliomyelitis ; Tacrine

No abstract available.
Animals ; Microscopy, Electron* ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Rats*

Visceral afferent nerve fibers containing substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are distributed in the bladder wall, and are known to be stimulated by and then desensitized by capsaicin. Recently, there have been some reports on the effectiveness of intravesical capsaicin administration for the treatment of hypersensitive lower urinary tract disorder or neurogenic bladder. In this study, the effects of intravesical capsaicin on the substance P or CGRP immunoreactivities in the spinal dorsal horn were investigated and the mechanism of capsaicin treatment for bladder disorders was revealed. After intravesical administration of capsaicin, the substance P and CGRP immunoreactive areas were measured at the dorsal horn of L4 and S1 spinal cord. Before capsaicin treatment, the substance P immuno- reactive area was 2.61+/-0.78 x 105 mm2 in L4 and 1.66+/-0.49 x 105 mm2 in S1. The substance P immunoreactivity was markedly reduced 1~2 weeks after capsaicin treatment in both L4 and S1 spinal cord. The CGRP immunoreactive area was 1.74+/-0.52 x 105 mm2 in L4 and 1.14+/-0.69 x 105 mm2 in S1, but was not reduced after capsaicin treatment. Therefore, capsaicin administered intravesically desensitizes nerve fibers containing substance P and consequently suppresses pain and voiding reflex.
Administration, Intravesical ; Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Capsaicin* ; Horns* ; Nerve Fibers ; Rats* ; Reflex ; Spinal Cord ; Substance P ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract ; Visceral Afferents

Ependymal cells line the surface of cerebral ventricles. They do not regenerate after they are fully matured and have a limited response to injury. In hydrocephalus, the expansile force of the ventricular wall is applied to ependymal cells and causes cell deformity to some degree. As it is known that the intermediate filaments of a cell act as a framework that resists changes in cellular shape, there may be some detectable changes of intermediate filaments of ependymal cells in hydrocephalus. In developing ependymal cells, it is also unclear if there are any changes to intermediate filaments in hydrocephalus. Developing ependymal cells are known to lose their immunoreactivity to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a kind of intermediate filaments which exist in some neuroglial cells. We experimentally induced congenital and postnatal hydrocephalus and investigated the changes of immunore-activity against GFAP as well as the ultrastuctures of rat ependymal cells in both types of hydrocephalus. To induce congenital hydrocephalus, 40 mg/kg of ethylenethiourea (ETU) was orally administered to pregnant rats on the 15th day after conception. Tissues taken from fetuses on the 17th day, from newborn rats immediately after birth, and from rats of 1 week and 2 weeks after birth were obtained and processed for immunohistochemistry for GFAP and electron microscopy. Postnatal hydrocephalus was induced by injecting kaolin suspension into the subarachnoid space of 15-day-old rats. Ependymal tissues were obtained and processed for immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy after 1 and 2 weeks following injection. The results were as follows; 1. Congenital hydrocephalus was induced more consistently and extensively than postnatal hydrocephalus. 2. In congenital hydrocephalus, GFAP-reactive ependymal cells were found in lateral ventricles of 1-week and 2-week-old rats, while in control and postnatal hydrocephalic groups, GFAP-reactive ependymal cells were not found. GFAP-reactive cells tended to be found in clusters. 3. Electron microscopy showed ependymal cells in congenital hydrocephalus had a less marked flattening figure, scarce apical cilia, often widened regions in the intercellular gap, spaces in subependymal tissue, and different figures in mitochondria. Above all, intermediate filaments, including GFAP, increased and were irregularly arranged in ependymal cell cytoplasm in congenital hydrocephalus. Therefore, in congenitally-induced hydrocephalus, the ependymal cells appeared to have a greater responsiveness to expansile force and remained in a more premature state than postnatally-induced hydrocephalus.
Animals ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Cilia ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cytoplasm ; Ethylenethiourea ; Fertilization ; Fetus ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant, Newborn ; Intermediate Filaments* ; Kaolin ; Lateral Ventricles ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria ; Neuroglia ; Parturition ; Rats* ; Subarachnoid Space

Bone defect occurs due to various causes, such as neoplasms, cysts, trauma, infection, congenital disease and surgical intervention. Autograft is generally considered to be the gold standard in bone graft surgery. But, allograft, xenograft and bone substitutes have been used because of complication and limited quantity of autograft. Calcium sulfate is one of the bone substitutes. We reviewed and analyzed 18 cases with bone defects that were treated with calcium sulfate from January 1997 to April 1997. We used the Osteoset' pellets that contained calcium sulfate 98%, produced by Wright Medical Technology Inc. in U.S.A., to fill defects in all cases. Except in 2 cases, autogenous cancellous bone from patients own iliac crest was mixed with calcium sulfate from 30% to 50%. Follow-up time averaged 13.7 months(range, from 12 to 15 months). The degree of absorption of calcium sulfate and new bone growth at conventional roentgenography was represented by percentage at each follow-up. The results were as follows. First, 8 weeks after operation, 93% of calcium sulfate was absorbed. Second, 6 months after operation, nearly 90% of new bone growth was observed. Third, until last follow-up, there was no noticeable complication, such as infection or foreign body reaction. We concluded that calcium sulfate might be on effective material for bone defects because of rapid absorption rate and easy recognition of new bone growth.
Absorption ; Allografts ; Autografts ; Bone Development ; Bone Substitutes* ; Calcium Sulfate* ; Calcium* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Radiography ; Transplants