PURPOSE: Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare, life threatening infection of kidney and the pennephric space, characterized by the production of gas within the renal parenchyma. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical and radiologic characteristics of emphysematous pyelonephritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 7 cases of the emphysematous pyelonephritis. Six patients had plain abdominal radiographs, ultrasonograms and abdominal CT scans. Only one patient had plain radiograph and ultrasonogram. In 5 operated cases, CT findings were compared with surgical records. RESULTS: Plain radiographs showed characteristic diffuse mottling of gas in renal fossa. On sonogram, intrarenal gas was identified as echogenic loci with dirty shadows. CT scan showed inflammatory mass with gas and fluid levels in adjacent to the kidney. CT findings corresponded relatively wall with the surgical findings in regard to disease extent. CONCLUSION: lntrarenal gas in appropriate clinical setting is highly specific for emphysematous pyelonephritis. CT is the most sensitive method for demonstrating the disease extent as well as specific diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pyelonephritis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare, life threatening infection of kidney and the pennephric space, characterized by the production of gas within the renal parenchyma. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical and radiologic characteristics of emphysematous pyelonephritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 7 cases of the emphysematous pyelonephritis. Six patients had plain abdominal radiographs, ultrasonograms and abdominal CT scans. Only one patient had plain radiograph and ultrasonogram. In 5 operated cases, CT findings were compared with surgical records. RESULTS: Plain radiographs showed characteristic diffuse mottling of gas in renal fossa. On sonogram, intrarenal gas was identified as echogenic loci with dirty shadows. CT scan showed inflammatory mass with gas and fluid levels in adjacent to the kidney. CT findings corresponded relatively wall with the surgical findings in regard to disease extent. CONCLUSION: lntrarenal gas in appropriate clinical setting is highly specific for emphysematous pyelonephritis. CT is the most sensitive method for demonstrating the disease extent as well as specific diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pyelonephritis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

Among the 413 patients of the lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus(HNP) who were admitted and treated at Dong-A University Hospital from March 1990 to May 1994, we analyzed 387 patients who checked magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). MRI study followed by open disectomy was carried out on 127 patients of the lumbar HNP, and we analyzed the clinical and operative findings of the lumbar HNP and compared these with MRI findings. The following results were obtained. 1. MRI findings of 387 patients consisted of bulging discs in 107 cases(27.6%), protruded discs in 165 cases(42.6%), extruded subligamentous discs in 73 cases(18.9%), extruded transligamentous discs in 34 cases(8.8%) and sequestered discs in 8 cases(2.1%). 2. MRI findings of 127 patients who had been treated with open discectomy consisted of protruded discs in 53 cases(41.7%), extruded subligamentous discs in 47 cases(37.0%), extruded transligamentous discs in 19 cases(15.0%) and sequestered discs in 8 cases(6.3%). 3. Operative findings revealed the protruded discs: 49 cases(38.6%), extruded subligamentous discs: 52 cases(40.9%), extruded transligamentous discs: 18 cases(14.2%) and sequestered discs: 8 cases(6.3%). 4. In sequestered disc, we could get the highest sensitivity, specificity and accuracy with MRI in distinguishing from another type of lumbar HNP. MRI can be available for accurate assessment of type and location of the lumbar HNP and it can show the high specificity, sensitivity and accuracy in preoperative diagnostic method.
Diskectomy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Papilloma* ; Warts*

No abstract available.
Acetabulum*

No abstract available.
Ankle Fractures* ; Ankle*

The incidence of herniated lumbar disc under the age of 19 years is increasing due to increased sports activity of teenager and development of diagnostic methods. 33 cases of herniated lumbar disc of the teenager was analyzed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dong-A College of Medicine from March 1990 to May 1994. The results were obtained as follows: 1) Among 413 patients, 33 patients(7.9%) were teenagers and the sex ratio was 2.3:1 in male to female. 2) Average intervals between the onset of clinical symptoms and the admission were 13.2 months. 3) 20 cases(60.6%) had a definite trauma history, and among these cases, 14 cases(70.0%) were associated with sports activity. 4) The most common level of herniation was L4-5 in 29 cases(64.4%), straight leg raising test was positive in 32 cases(97.0%), sensory change in 13 cases(39.4%), motor weakness in 10 cases(30.3%). 5) Among positive MRI findings(32 cases), 17 cases(53.1%) were the protruded type. 6) Among 23 operative cases, 21 cases had excellent or good results.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Spine ; Sports

Intracellular pH regulation of osteoblasts is of a great importance in the process of bone formation and resorption, and has been suggested to be mediated via intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP messenger systems. To elucidate the mechanism of modulation of intracellular pH by parathyroid hormone and PMA(Phorbo1-12-myristate-13-acetate), effects of these agonists on the individual transporter system, Na+-H+ antiporter and Cl−-HCO3-(−OH−) exchanger, were investigated. Intracellular pH and Ca2+ were measured by using the fluorescent dye BCECF and fura-2, respectively, in UMR-106 cell monolayer grown on glass coverslip. Addition of tumor promotor, PMA(luM) caused 0.14 unit pH rise of resting intracellular pH(pHi) and 38% increase of the initial rate of pHi recovery after cytosolic acid load. Perfusion of Cl−-free solution resulted in rapid cytosolic alkalinization of which the rate was increased 26% by preincubation of PMA. Ca2+ ionophore, ionomycin (1uM) decreased resting pHi by 0.17 unit, but had no effect on the initial rate of pHi recovery after cytosolic acid load. However, the addition of ionomycin augmented the initial rate of pHi increase after Cl−-depletion outside the cells by 34% over the control. Stimulation of cells with parathyroid hormone(10-8M) caused an initial acidification (0.27 unit) followed by cytosolic alkalinization, with inhibiting effect on the initial rate of pHi recovery after acid load (42%). But parathyroid hormone did not have any significant effect on the rate of pHi increase after Cl−-depletion. PMA caused a sustained increase of intracellular Ca2+, of which the peak depended on the concentration of Ca2+ in extracellular medium. Ionomycin caused a transient increase of Ca2+ but PTH had no significant increase of intracellular Ca2+ in the concentration range of 10-6M to 10-12M tested. 10-8M PTH increased cAMP levels by about 10-fold and 10-10M PTH did by 1.6-fold. PMA, which increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, also had an stimulatory effect on cAMP production in the concentration range of 10-5M to 10-6M by 2-fold. These findings suggest that in UMR-106 cells Ca2+ and cAMP can influence pHi by altering the activity of pHi regulatory transporter system, and parathyroid hormones modulate pHi by inhibiting Na+-H+ antiporter via intracellular increase of cAMP, which is probably accounts for the inhibitory effect of parathyroid hormone on the proliferation of osteoblasts.
Cytosol ; Fura-2 ; Glass ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ion Transport ; Ionomycin ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Perfusion

Since the concept of osseointegration has been introduced, a lot of researches were performed to achieve stronger fixation of the implant. In this study, we tried to find the different pattern of bone ingrowth after implanting pure titanium implant and Hydroxyapatite coated titanium implant in dogs. Four typed of cylindrical titanium implants (diameter 6 mm, length 1 mm) were inserted in the distal femur of adult dogs. The histological examination was done at postoperative 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. There was no foreign body reaction at contact site and all implants kept direct contact with bone tissue. In the light microscopic finding, after 2 weeks, the cases with Hydroxyapatite-coated Implant (HAP) showed greater formation of immature woven bone in comparison to Titanium implant. After 4 weeks, Hydroxyapatite-coated Implant (HAP) showed more mature lamellar bone. After 8 and 12 weeks, most of the woven bone was transformed into mature lamellar bone. The fluorescence microscopic finding, after 2 weeks, revealed calcein green fluorescence around implants in all cases and it was more prominent in the cases with Hydroxyapatite-coated Implant (HAP). After 4 weeks, the center of trabecula gave out green fluorescent light, the corner of them showed red fluorescent light, and they were more prominent in the cases with Hydroxyapatite-coated Implant (HAP). After 8 and 12 weeks, green fluorescence disappeared gradually, red fluorescence appeared for the most part, and there was no difference in each cases, especially in 12 weeks. As a result, we support the concept that Hydroxyapatite-coated Implant (HAP) induces faster bone ingrowth in 4 weeks than Titanium implant, and that it may be more profitable for early bone ingrowth and implant stability.
Adult ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Dogs* ; Durapatite ; Femur ; Fluorescence ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Osseointegration ; Titanium*