To evaluate the clinical and histopathological significance of electron dense deposits on capillary in IgA nephropathy, we reviewed and compared the clinical, laboratory, and pathological features of the patients with IgA nephropathy without loop extension of electron dense deposits(Group I, 91 cases) and IgA nephropathy with loop extension(Group II, 17cases) by ultrastructural examination using transmission electron microscope. IgA nephropathy associated with liver disease, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus and the other IgA nephropathies associated with systemic diseases were excluded. The results were as follows; 1) There was no significant difference in age distribution. 2) Generalized edema was more common in group II. 3) Nephrotic ranged proteinuria(>3 g/24hr urine) was more prominent in Group II(52.9%) than Group I(8.8%). 4) Among the groups, segmental or mild deposits on the loops were noted in 13 cases, and severe and generalized deposits in 4 cases. Subendothelial deposits were noted in 6 cases, subepithelial deposits in 3 cases, subendothelial with intramembranous deposits in 1 case, subendothelial with subepithelial deposits in 1 case, intramembranous with subepithelial deposits in 2 cases, and subendothelial, subepithelial and intramembranous deposits in 4 cases. 5) The other associated ultrastructural changes of group II were diffuse effacement of foot processes with microvillous transformation, swelling or vacuolar degeneration of podocytes and glomerular endothelium. 6) According to the WHO morphologic criteria, the grade of Group II was significantly higher than Group I. From the above results, it can be concluded that the extension of electron dense deposits along the capillary loops in the cases of IgA nephropathy is highly correlated with proteinuria in the nephrotic ranged. It seems to be a poor prognostic indicator in view of the facts that it correlats with high histopathologic grading.

No abstract available.
Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome* ; Meconium*

The exact etiologies and mechanisms of ischemia in avascular necrosis of femoral head are still under investigation. But this condition seems to be increasing during a few decades with increasing use of steroid and alcohol abuse in Korea. The treatment modalities have been based on the stages of the disease by simple radiographic findings that do not describe the accurate pathological extent or localization. Therefore more sophisticated study is needed to treat the AVN of the femoral head well. Magnetic resonance images, simple radiographs, scintigraphs of 13 patients(22 femoral heads), who were admitted and treated at Seoul National University Hospital from April, 1989 to December, 1989 were correlated, to characterize the type of AVN by extent and location regardless of its stage and reveal the relationship between types and stages. It is the result of this study that the type of AVN as well as stage should be considered in determining the treatment modality.
Alcoholism ; Classification ; Head ; Ischemia ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Plasma*

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the isolation methods of inner cell mass from mouse blastocyst, types of feeder cells and treatment time of mitomycin C on the formation rate of ICM colony. METHODS: The inner cells were isolated by conventional immunosurgery, partial trophoblast dissection with syringe needles and whole blastocyst co-culture method. Commercially available STO and primary cultured mouse embryonic fibroblast (pMEF) feeder cells were used, and mitomycin C was treated for 1, 2 or 3 hours, respectively. The formation rate of ICM colony was observed after isolation of ICM and culture of ICM on the feeder cells for 7 days. RESULT: The ICM colony formation rate on STO were significantly higher in partial trophoblast dissection group (58%) than that in immunosurgery (12%) or whole blastocyst culture (16%) group (p<0.05). The formation rate on pMEF feeder layer was higher in partial trophoblast dissection (88%) and whole blastocyst culture (82%) group than that in immunosurgery (16%) group (p<0.05). When mitomycin C treated to pMEF for 2 hours, the formation rate of 88% was significantly higher than those of other conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Above results showed that the efficient isolation method of ICM from blastocyst was the partial trophoblast dissection and the appropriate treatment time of mitomycin C was 2 hours. However, the subculture of ICM colony and characterization of stem cells should be carried out to confirm the efficacy of the partial trophoblast dissection method.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Coculture Techniques ; Feeder Cells* ; Fibroblasts ; Mice* ; Mitomycin* ; Needles ; Stem Cells ; Syringes ; Trophoblasts

No abstract available.
Gallstones* ; Lithotripsy* ; Ultrasonography*

Three different chemical carcinogens, 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), diethylnitrosamine(DENA), and 3'-methyl-4dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me DAB) were used to induce hepatomas in rats. Plasma membrane surface proteins of normal rat liver cells and rat hepatomas were extracted with 3M KCI. From the analysis of the proteins of normal rat liver and rat hepatoma induced by 3'-Me DAB by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(Disc-PAGE), under nonreducing and nondenaturing conditions polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol (SDS-PAGE), Sephadex G-200 gel permeation chromatography, DEAE-A50 ion-exchange chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, at least three tumor specific antigens were identified. One had a molecular weigh of 66,000 (pl=6.79) while the other two had the same molecular weight 73,000 but differed in their isoelectric points (7.58 and 7.81). For immunological analysis of tumor specific antigens, the absorbed antiserum was prepared. Plasma membrane surface proteins of rat hepatoma induced by 3'-Me DAB were used to obtain New Zealand White male rabbit antiserum. Rabbit antiserum was then reacted with the proteins isolated from the plasma membrane surface of normal rat liver and the absorbed antiserum reacting specifically with the tumor specific antigens derived by 3'-Me DAB was obtained. Using the absorbed antiserum, the immunoreactivities of plasma membrane surface proteins isolated from rat hepatomas induced by 3'-Me DAB, AAF, and DENA were compared by Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion analysis and immunoelectrophoresis. To characterize the proteins reacting to the absorbed antiserum, immunoglobulin G was separated from the absorbed antiserum and coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose CL-4B. The isolated proteins from the plasma membrane surface proteins of 3'-Me DAB-induced hepatoma using this immunoaffinity chromatography had molecular weights of 66,000 and 73,000. The localization of these proteins on surface plasma membranes of rat hepatomas induced by 3'-Me DAB was confirmed by an immunofluorescence technique. The experimental results revealed the existence of cross-reacting common antigens on the plasma membrane surface of rat hepatomas induced by different hepatocarcinogens.
2-Acetylaminofluorene ; Animal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*isolation and purification ; Antigens, Surface/isolation and purification ; Diethylnitrosamine ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced/*immunology ; Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Esophageal granular cell tumor of is rare neoplesin, and 3 cases were reported in Korea so far. We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor in a 28 year old man. The patient was a 28 year old man who visited this hospital because of upper abdominal pain, acid belching and weight loss. A small nodule, 5 mm in diameter, was found in mid esophagus on esophagoscopy. This nodule was proved to be a granular cell tumor.
Male ; Humans

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcome in patients aged less than 55 years who underwent arthroscopic tenodesis and arthroscopic repair for type 2 superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesions. METHODS: Between April 2008 and December 2014, surgery was performed on a total of 45 patients with isolated type 2 SLAP lesions. Arthroscopic repair was performed in 22 patients and arthroscopic tenodesis was performed in 23 patients. In both groups, the clinical outcomes at follow-ups were evaluated using the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and visual analogue scale (VAS) score. RESULTS: In both groups, the VAS scores for pain had improved significantly throughout the postoperative follow-up period. The VAS score showed a statistically significant difference at postoperative 3 and 6 months (p<0.05); however, there was no statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative results at 12 months (p>0.05). In both groups, the functional outcome was statistically improved postoperatively. In a comparison of the UCLA and ASES scores between the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference at postoperative 3 and 6 months (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative results at 12 months (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this and other studies, patients with isolated type 2 SLAP lesions showed better short-term clinical outcome with tenodesis than with repair. However, there was no difference between the two groups at the final follow-up.
California ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Shoulder ; Surgeons ; Tenodesis*

BACKGROUND: Purified major allergens of house dust mite are essential for evaluation of the allergic mechanism in molecular basis and development of new modalities of immunemodulation. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to purif group 1 and group 2 allergens from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp). In addition, cDNAs corresponding to Der pI and II in Korean Dp were isolated and recombinant Der p1 and Der pII were synthesized. MATERIALS AND and METHOD: Der pI allergen was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion -exchange column chromatography, and gel filtrat,ion chromatography. Der pII allergen was purified by anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and a preparative isoelectric focusing method. RESULTS: Eight hundred ug of Der pI and 50 ug of Der pII were obtained from 100 g of culture medium and 1 g of mite bodies, respectively. The purities of these allergens were confirmed by SDS PAGE and the strong reactivity to the patient sera was identified. In order to produce a recombinant allergens, poly(A) RNA from house dust mites were isolated and used for cDNA synthesis by RT PCR. The cDNA was inserted into prokaryotic expression vector and the vectors were transformed into E. coli. A little amount of recombinant Der pI protein was produced due to the low solubility, and 1.2 mg of recombinant Der pII was produced from 1 L of E. coli culture medium. The antigenicity of Der pI was relatively weak, however, Der pII showed a strong antigenicity. Amino acid sequence of the amplified cDNA deduced from DNA sequences of Der pII showed 6 different variants. The variation of amino acid sequences suggests the possibility of high incidence of mutation of Der pII protein. CONCLUSION: A simplified method for the purification of Der pI and Der pII was developed. Recombinant allergens will be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy with lower costs.
Allergens* ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Ammonium Sulfate ; Base Sequence ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, Gel ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus* ; Diagnosis ; DNA, Complementary ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Isoelectric Focusing ; Mites ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pyroglyphidae* ; RNA, Messenger ; Solubility