Four children, with histopathologically confirmed posterior fossa primitive neuroectoderrnal tumors, were examined by plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) and cerebral angiography. The homogeneously well enhanced solid mass in the midline of the posterior fossa and hydrocephalus of various degree were seen on all CT scans. One case had calcifications and another case had low density areas in the tumor mass. Three cerebral angiograms showed vascular displacement without tumor vascularities. Unfortunately, these CT and angiography findings are and other tumors. when a well enhanced solid mass in the midline posterior fossa is seen on CT scan in children.
Angiography ; Cerebral Angiography ; Child ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Medulloblastoma* ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive* ; Pathology* ; Radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: We reviewed the clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1986 to December 1989, 24 cases were treated with total hip arthroplasty and 27 cases with bipolar hemiarthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Harris Hip Score. Serial radiographs of the hip were used to assess stability of the femoral component, change of the acetabular cup angle, osteolysis of acetabulum or femur, wear of polyliner and erosion of the acetabular cartilage. RESULTS: The average Harris Hip Score was 93.1 in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group and 86.8 in total hip arthroplasty group at last follow up. Femoral osteolysis was observed in 17 patients of 24 total hip arthroplasties and in 14 patients of 27 bipolar hemiarthroplasties. Acetabular osteolysis was observed in 8 cases of 24 total hip arthroplasties. Revision was undertaken 8 cases (33.3%) in the total hip arthroplasty group and 6 cases (22.2%) in the bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. The main causes of revision were wear of polyliner and severe osteolysis in the total hip arthroplasty group and erosion of the acetabular cartilage in the bipolar arthroplasty group. CONCLUSION: The main cause of failure after total hip arthroplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head was using a 32 mm femoral head and a polyliner less than 8mm thickness.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Cartilage ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip* ; Humans ; Necrosis* ; Osteolysis

The facial flatness was studied by the metric method which involves six measurements of breadth and projection of the midfacial skeleton, the calculation of three indices from the measurements. The indices of the modern Korean adult crania, Korea & Chosun Dynasty crania, the Iron Age Korean crania, and the late Neolithic Korean crania were investigated. The indices were compared to those of other published data on the Korean crania and those of neighboring asian races as well. All indices for facial flatness of Korea & Chosun Dynasty were similar to modern Korean. However, zygomaxillary index was different between modern and late Neolithic crania. The difference of zygomaxillary index was prominent in males than females. The difference of facial flatness between modern and ancient seems to be mainly due to zygomatic breadth. The frontal indices of modern Korean and Korea & Chosun Dynasty crania were relatively low and the simotic indices were relatively high among neighboring asian races. The zygomaxillary index is intermediate. Clustering analysis represented that the flatnesses of the modern Korean crania and Korea & Chosun Dynasty crania were closely related to those of the northern Chinese, modern Japanese, however, somewhat different from that of ancient Korean, Mongol, Siberian etc.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea ; Male ; Skeleton

PURPOSE: To clarify the morphological patterns of the extensor tendon and juncturae tendinum on the dorsum of the hand. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty eight hands of cadavers were dissected to evaluate the morphological patterns of the extensor tendon and juncturae tendinum. RESULTS: The tendon of extensor indicis proprius and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) to the index finger arose and terminated at a single tendon. The EDC to the long finger arose as a single tendon, divided into two slips and then converged again to form a single tendon. The EDC to the ring finger arose as double tendons, divided into three or four slips and converged again into double tendons. The EDC to the little finger was usually absent (72%). The extensor digiti minimi arose and terminated as double tendons. The juncturae tendinum (JT) between the EDC tendons to the index finger and those to the long finger were of type I (thin filamentous type). The JT between EDC tendon to the long finger and those to the ring finger consisted of 16% in type I, 31% in type II (thick filamentous type) and 53% in type III (tendinous type). There were 14% of type II JT and 86% of type III JT between the ring and small fingers. CONCLUSION: A knowledge of both the usual and possible variations of the extensor tendon and the juncturae tendinum is useful in the identification and repair of these structures.
Cadaver ; Fingers ; Hand* ; Tendons*

PURPOSE: We compared the clinical and radiological RESULTS of two patient-groups who had had PCL reconstruction for grade III PCL injury using the autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft at the isometric point and at the anatomical point of femoral condyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 31 patients who were involved in this study, 20 patients had consecutive isometric PCL reconstructions between June 1993 and May 1995(group 1), And 11 patients had anatomi- cal PCL reconstructions between 1995 and 1997(group 2). We evaluated the clinical results using the Lysholm knee scoring system and measured the posterior translation of the tibial condyle on the posterior stress lateral radiographs. RESULT: The average posterior translation at the final follow-up was 7mm in group 1 and 5.9mm in group 2. The Lysholm knee score was 89 points in group 1, and 92 point in group 2. However, there wasn't any statistically significant difference in clinieal and radiological results between the two groups. SUMMARY: The clinical and radiological results can be influenced by several factors inherent to arthro-scopically assisted PCL reconstruction. Although it seems that initial knee kinematics can be improved by more distal PCL graft placement, there may be little effect to the final clinical and radiological results according to the femoral tunnel positions.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Tendons* ; Transplants*

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a well-known biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure, and is directly associated with myocardial dysfunction. We evaluated the prognostic value of NT-proBNP for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) among patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry during their mid-term follow-up period. In this paper, we analyzed NT-proBNP according to various MACE and level of NT-proBNP. We used multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk factors according to MACE type and NT-proBNP levels, and to identify the cutoff value for each MACE by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. NT-proBNP was a significant variable among cardiac deaths (p = 0.016), myocardial infarction (p = 0.000), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (p = 0.000) in patients with MACE compared with those without MACE. Two-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) (p = 0.037) and the maximum creatinine kinase (max-CK) (p = 0.031) produced significant results in repeat percutaneous coronary intervention. The area under the ROC curve was found to be statistically significant for cardiac death and CABG. NT-proBNP is a useful predictor for 12-month MACEs among patients with NSTEMI and in those with heart failure. We propose that a new index incorporating NT-proBNP, max-CK, and CAD vessel will be useful as a prognostic indicator of MACEs in the future.
Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Creatinine ; Death ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Phosphotransferases ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; ROC Curve

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research was to determine intra-oral factors that affect halitosis in young women. METHODS: This study was performed between March 2014 to May 2014, and included 35 women in their 20s with good oral health. Correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the change in halitosis immediately, and 1 hour after scaling. RESULTS: In both oral gas (OG) and extraoral gas (EG) groups, halitosis was reduced after scaling compared to before scaling. The logistic regression analysis of oral state factors in OG showed that as oral fluid [odds ratio (OR) = 0.792, p = 0.045] and dental plaque (OR = 0.940, p = 0.016) decreased by 1 unit, the OR in the OG group decreased (> 50). In addition, as glucose levels in the oral cavity (OR = 1.245, p = 0.075) and tongue coating index (OR = 2.912, p = 0.064) increased by 1 unit, the OR in the OG group increased (> 50). Furthermore, in the EG group, as oral fluid (OR = 0.66, p = 0.01) and dental plaque (OR = 0.95, p = 0.04) decreased, the OR in the EG group decreased (> 50) significantly. CONCLUSION: To control halitosis, it is necessary to increase oral fluid and decrease the amount of tongue plaque. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy oral environment, aided by regular scaling and removal of dental plaque, may significantly control halitosis.
Dental Plaque ; Female ; Glucose ; Halitosis* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mouth ; Oral Health ; Tongue

Two-dimensional echocardiography is a simple, noninvasive method of evaluating cardiac strucures and pericardiac structures. The diagnosis of pericarial cyst is strongly suggested by the prominent roentgenographic appearance of a round, sharply demarcated mass along the right cardiac silhouette in an asymptomatic patient. Two-dimensional echocardiography is also useful method for diagnosing pericardial cyst, but differential diagnosis is difficult when other mass revealed echo-lucent cystic nature is located adjacent to the right atrial wall. We report the similar two-dimensional echcardiography findings located adjacent to the right atrial wall which are diagnosed different disease entity each oter. We suggest that two-dimensional echocardiography helps diagnosis of mass adjacent to the right atrial wall and may need more extensive investigation for accurate differential diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Methods

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetic mellitus and has myriad clinical presentations. Amitriptyline is an effective drug for painful diabetic neuropathy, but has a wide variety of cardiovascular effects. We report a case of amitriptyline-induced ventricular tachycardia in a patient with painful diabetic neuropathy. A 48-year-old man with no history of heart disease was treated with amitriptyline for the past 2 months. The dosage of this drug was gradually increased and the maximal dose was 170 mg per day. Prior to administration of this drug, his chest X-ray and electrocardiogram were normal. On admission he complained of chest discomfort and palpitation for 3 days, but his vital sign was stable. The electrocardiogram showed a wide QRS complex with a rate of 170 beats per minute. The ventricular tachycardia was successfully treated with electrical cardioversion.
Amitriptyline* ; Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Electric Countershock ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Tachycardia, Ventricular* ; Thorax ; Vital Signs

Classical swine fever (CSF), previously known as hog cholera, remains one of the most important swine-related contagious diseases worldwide. In order to eradicate classical swine fever virus (CSFV), it is commonly used in LOM-850 strain as a live attenuated CSF vaccine. However, there are symptoms of vaccination, such as the depression of feed intake, and difficulty of differentiation between infected and vaccinated hosts is impossible based on the antibodies induced. Nicotiana benthamiana were considered as an alternative to the production of recombinant vaccines on account of higher yields and levels of soluble protein than other models and crops in protein recombinant products. This study was conducted to evaluate histopathological validation of the plant-produced E2 fusion protein (ppE2) in piglets. The piglets were challenged by an injection of YC11WB strain in 7 days, 11 days and 14 days after one shot of the vaccination. The histopathological examination indicated that ppE2 can protect against lethal CSFV challenge at least 11 days of vaccination in piglets. These data suggest that the ppE2 can be an effective vaccine against CSFV in piglets.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Classical swine fever virus ; Classical Swine Fever ; Depression ; Swine ; Tobacco ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic