No abstract available.
Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Quality of Life* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: We compared factors associated with self-reported depression and, in particular, diagnosis and treatment of depressive symptoms in Korean adults. METHODS: The sample included 13,306 adults aged 19 years or older from the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V). Data were applied to the chi2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The following characteristics of individuals are significantly associated with self-reported depression: female (vs. male, OR [odds ratio]=3.35), ages 50-59 years (vs. 60+, OR=1.45), economic status (low vs. high, OR=1.35; middle-low vs. high OR=1.29), unemployed (vs. employed, OR=1.23), education (elementary vs. college, OR=1.18; middle school vs. college, OR=1.27; vs. high school vs. college, OR=1.18), current smoking (vs. no, OR=1.19), high-risk alcohol consumption (vs. no, OR=1.18), perceived health (good vs. very good/excellent, OR=1.156; poor/fair vs. very good/excellent, OR=2.65), chronic disease (vs. no, OR=1.26), activity limitation due to health problems (vs. no, OR=1.74), and being in a sickbed during the past month (vs. not in a sickbed, OR=1.69). Living in a metropolitan area (vs. rural, OR=1.40) is significantly associated with greater odds of being diagnosed with depression. The odds of being treated for depression are lower for female (vs. male, OR=0.53). Greater odds of being treated for depression was seen for those with chronic conditions (vs. no, OR=1.73) and activity limitation due to health problems (vs. no, OR=2.05), as well as, those in a sickbed (vs. not, OR=1.88). CONCLUSIONS: Applying our findings, policy makers should address the lower rates of depression diagnosed in non-metropolitan areas to reduce regional variations, and also promote treatment in females.
Administrative Personnel ; Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Chronic Disease ; Depression* ; Diagnosis* ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Alcoholism* ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Body Mass Index*

Fourty one cases of open fractures of tibial shaft complicated with varying degrees of soft tissue injuries were trested by one-plane unilateral external fixation with AO fixator. In seventeen csses among them, interfragmental lag screw fixation was applied in addition, for more rigidity and stability of the fixation. All of thern were followed up at least for one year and we obtained the following results. 1. Rigid stable external fixation provided by additional minimum internal fixation may not increase the rate of infection but rather enhance prompt primary bone healing. 2. One-plane unilatersl external fixation may facilitate good access to the wound for subsepuent reconstructive procedures, and enhance pain-free early full range of joint motion, thus promote early bone union. 3. Comparing with bilsteral fixation, there wss almost no difference in the union time of the fracture even with one-plsne unilatersl fixation.
Clinical Study ; External Fixators ; Fractures, Open ; Joints ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

Computed body tomography has become useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. It was found to be are liable, often specific, and noninvasive method for detecting pancreatitis and extra-pancreatic extension of the pathology. Of eight hundred and seventy-two cases studied for abdominal pathology with EMI-CT 5005 whole body scanner form Oct. 1977 to August 1980, 21 cases were confirmed to be pancreatitis clinically or operatively. The authors reviewed the CT findings of the above cases and the results were as follows; 1. Among twenty-one cases, the acute pancreatitis was 12 cases and the chronic pancreatitis was 9 cases. The sex ratio as 17 males to females. 2. In acute pancreatitis, diffuse enlargement of pancreas (11/12), focal enlargement (1/12), loss of peripancreatic fat plane (9/12), thickening of anterior of pararenal fascia (6/12), and smooth margin ofpancreas (5/12) were observed. 3. In chronic pancreatitis, parenchymal atrophy (7/9), normal size (2/9), loss of peripancreatic fat plane (3/9), thickening of anterior pararenal fascia (1/9), calcification (1/9), smooth margin (2/9), and serrated margin (6/9) were observed. 4. The complications were associated with 7 cases of acute pancreatitis and 1 case of chronic pancreatitis; pseudocyst (6), abscess (2), and fat necrosis (3), The sites of the pseudocyst were lesser sac (2), anterior pararenal space (2), posterior pararenal space (1), subhepatic region (1), greater omentum (1), and intrapancreatic region (2). All of them were associated with acute pancreatitis except one in chronic pancreatitis.
Abscess ; Atrophy ; Diagnosis ; Fascia ; Fat Necrosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Omentum ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Pathology ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Sex Ratio

No abstract available.
Leptospira interrogans* ; Leptospira*

BACKGROUND: It is important to evaluate the patient presenting with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency department, and it is also difficult to classify appropriately. The purpose of this study is to predict probability of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and assess the group for low probability of AMI that is target for observation-unit of chest pain in emergency department. METHODS: A prospective, clinical study was performed from March 1998 to August 1998 at the department of emergency medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong hospital. We classified high-probability group and low-probability group of AMI according to Goldman's algorithm and then compared with the final diagnosis. RESULTS: The study included 218 patients. 84 patients(39%) was the high-probability group and 134 patients(61%) was the low-probability group of AMI. As compared with final diagnosis, AMI was 47 patients(56%) among the high-probability group and 1 patient(0.7%) among the low-probability group. We observed sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 78% in predicting AMI. CONCLUSION: The classification according to Goldman's algorithm may be useful predictor of AMI and improve triage for emergency department patient with chest pain. It is also helpful for management of observation-unit of chest pain in emergency department.
Chest Pain* ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Female ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thorax* ; Triage

PURPOSE: To evaluate the change in blink rate in adolescents according to the type and duration of computer tasks and to analyze the risk of ocular dryness using an ocular protection index. METHODS: Fifteen male high school students played computer games and viewed Internet lectures for 20 minutes each. Blink rate was measured by USB camera, and ocular protection index (OPI, the ratio of BUT to inter-blink interval) was calculated for each subject during the two tasks. In addition, 7 of the 15 subjects played computer games again for 40 minutes on another day, and the change in blink rate according to the duration of computer games was observed. RESULTS: The average blink rate was 5.44+/-3.29 per minute (median 5, range 2-12.75) while playing computer games and 20.63+/-11.21 per minute (median 18.25, range 4.93-42.2) while viewing Internet lectures, and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). The percentage of subjects with OPI values less than 1 was 53% for computer games and 13% for Internet lectures (p=0.025). While playing computer games for 40 minutes, the mean of total blinks during ten-minute intervals decreased over time: 59.43 times (median 57) during the first 10 minutes, 33.86 times (median 41) during the last 10 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: The blink rate in adolescents was significantly lower and the risk of ocular dryness was higher while playing computer games compared with that of viewing internet lectures. As playing time increased, the blink rate decreased and risk of ocular dryness increased.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Internet ; Lectures ; Male ; Video Games

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Estradiol* ; Fertilization in Vitro*