No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is a disease affecting a large population of women all over the world. A local sterile inflammation occurs in the peritonel cavity of patients with endometriosis. It suggests that immunological events play a major role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. We have studied the levels of serveral T cell and monocyte derived cytokines, especially IL-6 (promoter of immune response) and IL-10 (inhibitor of immune response), in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis to characterize the change of immune response that occurs at the site of endometriosis. Method: This study was performed in Hallym university hospital from October, 1997 to October 1998 and enrolled 29 women with gross or microscopic findings of minimal to severe endometriosis in case group, and 28 women without visual evidence of pelvic endometriosis and with benign gynecologic disease in control group. IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the peritoneal fluid were determined using commercial ELISA and compared between endometriosis and controls and between fertile and infertile women with endometriosis and according to the revised American Fertility Society classification. RESULT: IL-6 was higher and IL-10 was lower in the peritoneal fluid of endometriosis group than of control group. Cyclic variations in the IL-6 concentrations were seen in endometriosis group : the concentrations in the secretory phase were significantly higher than those in the proliferative phase. In endometriosis group, IL-6 concentrations of infertile women were higher than fertile women. Both IL-6 and IL-10 in the peritoneal fluid of endomtriosis group did not show significant correlation according to r-AFS stages. CONCLUSION: Increased IL-6 and decreased IL-10 levels in the peritoneal fluid may be related to infertility and pathogenesis in the endometriosis, suggesting that partially contribute to the disturbed immune regulation observed in endometriosis.
Ascitic Fluid* ; Classification ; Cytokines ; Endometriosis* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fertility ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-10* ; Interleukin-6* ; Monocytes

No abstract available.
Para-Aortic Bodies* ; Paraganglioma*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

Endoprosthetic replacement was performed in 38 patients at the department of orthopedic surgery, Seoul National University Hospital in the past ten years from May, 1968, and following results were obtained. 1. Among 38 patients, fracture was in 33 patients, avascular necrosis in 3,and osteoarthritis in 2. 2. Austin-M oore prosthesis was used in 31 patients and Thompson prosthesis in 7. 3. The youngest age was 34 years old and the oldest 85, and the peak incidence was in 7th decade in male and 8th decade in female. 4. The most common type of femur neck fracture was transcervical (60.6%) followed with basal neck (21.1%) and subcapitel (18.2%) 5. Of 33 cases of femur neck fracture, 21 patients (63.6%) was admitted more than 3 weeks after injury. 6. Moore type Southern approach was used most frequently (55.2%). 7. In 36 patients (94.6%), early weight bearing was permitted within 3 weeks, and 25 patients (65.7%) were discharged within 2 weeks after surgery. 8. Minor complications were encountered in 12 patients (31.5%), and none were severe. 9. In follow up of more than 3 months, good to excellent results were obtained in 75%.
Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Osteoarthritis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Seoul ; Weight-Bearing

Great efforts have been expended to compensate for nerve gap in the repair of a peripheral nerve injury. And yet, this nerve gap presents a great problem in surgical management. End-to-end anastomosis is most frequently used for repair of peripheral nerves, but the main problem is tension at the suture site. The purpose of this experiment is to observe the relationship between the tension and the nerve healing, when stretching is applied to the suture site of the peripheral nerve trunk. We used 25 rabbits of both sexes divided into 5 groups according to the nerve gap and the period of immobilization for this study. Gross and histological examination were used to compare the results of end-to-end suture under a tension and suture without tension. We concluded that: 1. The best results were obtained when end-to-end suture was done without tension. 2. Direct suture under a tension produced the results quite inferior to that of the suture without tension. 3. Better results were obtained from the group of immobilization, at least, for 4 weeks among the tension group. 4. Immobilization period may be prolonged according to the degree of the tension affecting the suture site. 5. Tension at the suture site causes proliferation of connective tissue.
Connective Tissue ; Immobilization ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves ; Rabbits ; Sciatic Nerve ; Sutures

No abstract available in English.

Successful repair of lacerated tendons must restore continuity of the tendon and should yield a strong tenorrhaphy. Mechanical strength of repair should be adequate to early postoperative motion and mobility, The optimal repair technique must be able to withstand the rigors of early motion and also must not interfere with tendon healing. The relative strength of three suture methods of lacerated tendon were measured by mechanical disruption in effort to determine the strength of suture technique. Fifty-four Calcaneal tendons of 27 the New Zealand white rabbit were transected at mid portion and repaired with the three suture technique: group 1, Kessler suture, group 2, Pennington’s modified-Kessler suture and group 3, augmented- Becker suture technique. Each group was composed of 18 calcaneal tendons. Nine rabbits were sacrified immediately after suture, nine in postoperative 2 weeks and nine in postoperative 4 weeks Six calcaneal tendons in each three experimental group were obtained immediately after suture, at postoperative 2 and 4 weeks respectively. Tensile strength, maximum strength and modulus of elasticity of all experimental specimens were measured with Instron-UTM-4-100(Toyo-Baldiwin, Japan). The results were evaluated statistically to compare the strength of the three suture technique at three different periods. The tensile strength was predominantly strongest in augmented-Becker method among three suture technique at immediate suture, postoperative 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. The augmented Becker repair was strongest in maximum stress among Kessler and modified Kessler repair at immediate operation, postoperative 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. The augmented Becker repair was highest in modulus of elasticity than Kessler method and modified-Kessler method at immediate operation, postoperative 2 weeks and postoperative 4 weeks respectively. Tensile strength, maximum stress and modulus of elasticity were gradually increased from immediate operation to postoperative 4 weeks, but there were not statistically significance between experimental three suture methods at postoperative 4 weeks.
Elastic Modulus ; Methods ; New Zealand ; Rabbits ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Tensile Strength

The objective of this study was to fabricate hydroxyapatite (HA) containing titania layer by HA blasting and anodization method to obtain advantages of both methods and evaluated biocompatibility. To fabricate the HA containing titania layer on titanium, HA blasting treatment was performed followed by microarc oxidation (MAO) using the electrolyte solution of 0.04 M β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt n-hydrate and 0.4 M calcium acetate n-hydrate on the condition of various applied voltages (100, 150, 200, 250 V) for 3 minutes. The experimental group was divided according to the surface treatment procedure: SM (simple machined polishing treatment), HA, MAO, HA+MAO 100, HA+MAO 150, HA+MAO 200, HA+ MAO 250. The wettability of surface was observed by contact angle measurement. Biocompatibility was evaluated by cell adhesion, and cell differentiation including alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium concentration with MC3T3-E1 cells. The porous titanium oxide containing HA was formed at 150 and 200 V. These surfaces had a more hydrophilic characteristic. Biocompatibility was demonstrated that HA·titania composite layer on titanium showed enhanced cell adhesion, and cell differentiation. Therefore, these results suggested that HA containing titania layer on titanium was improved biological properties that could be applied as material for dental implant system.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcium ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Differentiation ; Dental Implants* ; Durapatite ; Methods ; Monoamine Oxidase ; Titanium ; Wettability

No abstract available.
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin*