Congentally corrected transposition of the great vessels can best be defined as a malformation in which the aorta and pulmonary artery are transposed in relation to each other but in which the flow of blood is in the physiologic direction. And in addition to the malposition of great vessels, there is an inversion of the ventrice,. Unfortunately this basic malformation seldom exists withot complicating cardiovascular anomalies. We had experienced a case of congenitally corrected transposition of the great vessels associated with itral?insufficiency in 13year-old boy, who presented the most above mentioned findings. We have made diagnosis by cardiac catheterization and selective angiocardiographic study.
Aorta ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; Transposition of Great Vessels*

There are controversies in operative management of unstable fracture of fracture-dislocation of the spine. Posterior Stabilization is a good method and there are many benefits, such as the safety method, less complication, easiness to acquire more accurate reduction and more rigid fixation than other methods. Among 141 spinal injury patients who were admitted to this hospital from March, 1980 to November, 1985, twenty two cases of spine fracture and fractuar dislocation who were treated with surgical measures were evaluated and analysed. Our surgical measures were posterior wiring and fusion in cervical spine (7 cases), Harrington instrumentation with or without posterior fusion in thoracolumber spine (12 cases), and others (3 cases). Brief summary of the results is as follows: l. Eighty-six percent of angular deformity was corrected after posterior wiring and posterior fusion and 75%, after Harrington instrumentation, 73%, after Harrington instrumentation and posterior fusion. 2. Eighty four percent of displacement was corrected after posterior wiring and posterior fusion and 65%, after Harrington instrumentation, 71%, after Harrington instrumentation and posterior fusion. 3. Improvement of the neurologic status related to interval between injury and operation was 28% within 24 hours, 11% within a week. 4. No significant differences in the recovery of the neurologic signs were found according tothemethod of surgical treatments. 5. Except for the patients who were seriously compromised or required anterior decompression, immediate posterior stabilization is valuable to provide the better reduction, rigid fixation, promotion of recovery of neural function and early ambulation.
Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression ; Dislocations ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Methods ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine

PURPOSE: This study was tried to evaluate the potential benefits of concurrent chemoradiation therapy (low dose daily cisplatin combined with split course radiation therapy) compared with conventional radiation therapy alone in stage III non-small cell lung cancer. The end points of analyses were response rate, overall survival, survival without locoregional failure, survival without distant metastasis, prognostic factors affecting survival and treatment related toxicities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between April 1992 and March 1994, 32 patients who had stage III non-small cell lung cancer were treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy. Radiation therapy for 2 weeks (300cGy given 10 times up to 3000cGy) followed by a 3 weeks rest period and then radiation therapy for 2 more weeks (250cGy given 10 times up to 2500cGy) was combined with 6mg/M2 of cisplatin. Follow-up period ranged from 13 months to 48 months with median of 24 months. Historical control group consisted of 32 patients who had stage III non-small cell lung cancer were received conventionally fractionated (daily 170-200cGy) radiation therapy alone. Total radiation dose ranged from 5580cGy to 7000cGy with median of 5940 cGy. Follow-up period ranged from 36 months to 105 months with median of 62 months. RESULTS: Complete reponse rate was higher in chemoradiation therapy (CRT) group than radiation therapy (RT) group (18.8% vs. 6.3%). CRT group showed lower in-field failure rate compared with RT group (25% vs. 47%). The overall survival rate had no significant differences in between CRT group and RT group (17.5% vs. 9.4% at 2 years). The survival without locoregional failure (16.5% vs. 5.3% at 2 years) and survival without distant metastasis (17% vs. 4.6% at 2 years) also had no significant differences. In subgroup analyses for patients with good performance status (Karnofsky performance scale 80), CRT group showed significantly higher overall survival rate compared with RT group (62.5% vs. 15.6% at 2 years). The prognostic factors affecting survival rate were performance status and pathologic subtype (squamous cell cancer vs. nonsquamous cell cancer) in CRT group. In RT alone group, performance status and stage (IIIa vs IIIb) were identified as a prognostic factors. RTOG/EORTC grade 2-3 nausea and vomiting (22% vs. 6%) and bone marrow toxicities (25% vs. 15.6%) were significantly higher in CRT group compared with RT alone group. The incidence of RTOG/EORTC grade 3-4 pulmonary toxicity had no significant differences in between CRT group and RT group (16% vs. 6%). The incidence of WHO grade 3-4 pulmonary fibrosis also had no significant differences in both group (38% vs. 25%). In analyses for relationship of field size and pulmonary toxicity, the patients who treated with field size beyond 200cm2 had significantly higher rates of pulmonary toxicities. CONCLUSION: The CRT group showed significantly higher local control rate than RT group. There were no significant differences of survival rate in between two groups. The subgroup of patients who had good performance status showed higher overall survival rate in CRT group than RT group. In spite of higher incidence of acute toxicities with concurrent chemoradiation therapy, the survival gain in subgroup of patients with good performance status were encouraging. CRT group showed higher rate of early death within 1 year, higher 2 year survival rate compared with RT group. Therefore, to evaluate the accurate effect on survival of concurrent chemoradiation therapy, systematic follow-up for long term survivors are needed.
Bone Marrow ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Cisplatin ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nausea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Survival Rate ; Survivors ; Vomiting

We analyzed 105 cases reports published in the Journal of the Korean Radiological Society between 1975 and 1985. The objectives of this study were to find out(1) whether those case reports were truly original or not as far as domestic pulications were concerned and (2) whether their citations of domestic literatures were correct. In two papers, we found previous reports published already in the domestic journal in spite of the authors' claim as their "first case reports". In 105 cases reports, only 94 references were cited while 151 omitted. It is concluded that a case report must include a statement to authentically clarify whether similar report had been previously published through meticulous review of published literatures. We also recommend to computerize the index domestic literatures.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of MRI in the evaluation of vascular changes of the meningioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied the MRI findings in 20 cases of intracranial meningiomas. The images were assessed for vascular hilum, vascular rim, sinus invasion, and vascular encasement. Cerebral angiograms were obtained in 15 cases and compared with MRI findings. RESULTS: MRI was as accurate as angiography in detection of vascular hilum(MRl=8/20, Anglogram=9/15), vascular rim(MRl=14/20, Angiogram=9/15) and dural sinus invasion(MRl=4/6, Angiogram=5/6). MRI was superior to angiography in detection of vascular encasement(MRl=2/3, Angiogram=0/2) and cavernous sinus invasion(MRI=3/3, Angiogram=0/2). CONCLUSION: MRI is an excellent noninvasive imaging modality in evaluating vascular changes of omas.
Angiography ; Cavernous Sinus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningioma ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: Despite the increasing number of female participation in employment, blue-collar women have been exposed to higher health risk. This study is to describe the prevalence of chronic diseases, health behaviors, and medical service utilization of female blue-collar workers. METHODS: Data were derived from the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). The sample was made up of 37,108 male and female participants aged 20 or over selected nation-wide by probability sampling from Korea. This study applied the logistic regression for nominal variables such as disease prevalence and health behaviors and with the regression for continuos variables such as the length and costs of medical services. RESULTS: In general, women's prevalence of chronic illness and uncured rate were significantly higher than male, and especially female blue-collar workers had the highest prevalence, uncured rate, unhealthy status, and perceived stress. However, the medical care cost was the lowest in female blue-collar workers. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that female blue-collar workers were more likely to experience health problems, and that despite the highest health risk, health service is not effectively utilized, and health policy maker should take consider of special status of female blue collar workers who are in health inequality.
Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Employment ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Care Costs ; Health Policy ; Health Services ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Women's Health

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to organize the maximum surgical blood order schedule (MSBOS) of red blood cells (RBCs) for elective surgeries according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification guidelines (ICD-9-CM) and we compared the results with the previously reported MSBOSs. METHODS: From 1 March to 31 August 2007, the data of the transfused RBCs for elective surgeries in our hospital were analyzed. The MSBOS was organized as the average number of units of transfused RBCs for the type of surgery, according to the ICD-9-CM. The results were compared with the MSBOSs that were previously reportedfrom 1982 to 2004 in Korea. RESULTS: A total of 121 types of 3,375 surgeries were performed. Type & screen for 91 types (81.3%), 1 unit for 20 types (13.8%), 2 units for 7 types (3.8%), 3 units for 1 type (0.4%) and 4 units for 2 types (1.8%) were recommended. There was a minimal difference between these results and the range for the previously reported MSBOSs. CONCLUSION: It seems that the MSBOS showed minimal change since 2004. We organized the MSBOS according to the guidelines of the ICD-9-CM. Standardization of the surgery name should be considered to achieve more useful utilization of MSBOS.
Appointments and Schedules ; Erythrocytes ; International Classification of Diseases ; Korea

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Ploidies* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Uterus*

PURPOSE: To review MR findings of the posterior fossa hemangioblastomas and to evaluate diagnostic value of MRI correlated with CT and anglographic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MR findings in twelve patients with surgically proven posterior fossa hemangioblastomas including one case of von Hippel- Lindau disease were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with CT (7 patients) and anglographic findings (9 patients). RESULTS: On MRI, five hemangioblastomas were located in the cerebellar hemisphere and seven in the vermis. The masses appeared to be solid in 3 cases(25%), solid tumors with central cyst in 2 cases(17%), and cyst with mural nodules in 7 cases(58%). Abnormal tumor vessels represented by characteristic signal voids on MRI were observed in 9 cases(75%) and were not seen in 3 cases(25%) with mural nodule below 1.5cm in diameter. On pre-contrast CT, hemangioblastomas appeared poorly marginated slightly hyperdense masses in solid tumors, and hypodense cystic masses in cysts. After contrast enhancement, solid tumors were markedly enhanced, but it was difficult to differentiate hemangioblastomas from other tumors. In nine patients, anglograms demonstrated hypervascular blush corresponding to the solid component of the tumors. CONCLUSION: MRI was superior to CT in evaluating the characteristic of abnormal tumor vessels and mural nodules, delineation of tumor margin and tumor extent. Angiography was useful in the diagnosis of cystic hemangioblastomas which contain small mural nodule (less than 1.5cm in diameter) without definite vascular signal voids on MRI. MRI demonstrated solid or cystic tumor with small mural nodule and abnormal vascular signal voids in the posterior fossa should suggest hemangioblastoma.
Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Hemangioblastoma* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease

PURPOSE: The purpose is to evaluate the CT or MRI findings to help in the differentiation between benign and malignant meningiomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The CT and MRI findings of 8 patients with surgically proven malignant meningioma were reviewed. Four cases of 8 malignant meningiomas and 18 cases of 27 benign lesions were studied with a 1.5T or 0.5T MRI. Radiologic analysis was focused on the heterogeneity of tumor, grade of peritumoral edema, presence of cystic degeneration and calcification, tumoral enhancement pattern, dural enhancement, and tumoral border. RESULT: Histologic types of malignant meningioma were meningotheliomatous (n=4), papillary(n=1), fibroblastic(n=l), angioblastic(n=l), and sarcomatous(n=l). Tumoral Heterogeneity was seen in 8 of 8 malignant lesions(100%) and 8 of 27 benign ones(30%). (p<0.01) Marked peritumoral edema was seen in 8 of 8 malignant lesions(100%) and 2 of 27 benign ones. (7.3%)(p<0.01) Most of malignant lesions(6 of 8 cases, 75%) showed ill defined border. Calcification was not present in malignant lesions in contrast with benign ones (14 of 27 cases, 52%). (p<0.05) No statistical significance was noted in cystic degeneration, dural tail like enhancement or tumoral enhancement pattern between malignant and benign meningiomas. MRI signal intensity of malignant meningiomas was homogeneously or heterogeneously hypointense on T1WI, heterogeneously isointense or hypointense on T2WI and heterogeneous or mixed on Gd-DTPA enhancement study. CONCLUSION: The CT or MRI findings such as heterogeneity, ill defined tumoral border, marked peritumoral edema, and absence of calcification may suggest the possibility of malignancy in meningioma.
Edema ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningioma* ; Population Characteristics