The association of colonic atresia in patients with Down syndrome is a rare anomaly. The incidence of congenital atresia of the gastrointestinal tract has been estimated to be about one in 1500 births. Colonic atresia is rarer still, and is throut to comprise about 5% to 10% of this group. This intestinal atresia occurs in about 30% to 50% of patient with Down syndrome. We experienced a case of Down syndrome associated with colonic atresia in a 1 day old male. His initial chief complaints at the admission were severe abdominal distension and Down appearance. Diagnosis was confirmed by chromosomal study and operative laparotomy with end-to-end ileodescending colostomy. We report the case with brief review of related literatures.
Colon* ; Colostomy ; Diagnosis ; Down Syndrome* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestinal Atresia ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Parturition

Carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb exhibit relatively wide range of motion, which may act as a shock absorber. So dislocation of these joints are relatively rare. Furthermore, a complete dislocation of the thumb metacarpal by simultaneous dislocation of carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints is a very rare injury, and only a few cases were reported in the English literatures. The authors will present a case of a complete dislocation of the thumb metacarpal in a 31 years old female.
Dislocations ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shock ; Thumb

This research was carried out to compares the treatment effects of Horizontal and Vertical type activators in Angle's Class II div. 1 maloccusion patients with mandibular retrusion dand to find out whether different treatment effects or growth pattern were observed between sexes in each study groups. The results were as follows: 1. In Horizontal activator group, forward positioning of mandible and vertical increase in anteror face as examplified by increase of LAFH and AFH were observed when pre and post-treatment datas were evaluated. 2. Males samples in Horizontal activator group showed increase in mandiular length accmpanied by posterior positioning of maxilla, wheras female samples in Horizontal activator group showed increase in mandibular body length,labial inclination of mandibular incisors and increase in lower anterior facial height . 3. In vertical activator group, increase in AFH, LAFH, PFH and LPFH were observed when pre and post treatment datas were a aluated. 4. Male samples in Vertical activator group showed increase in mandibular body length and anterior and posterior facial heights, whereas females samples of Vertical activator group showed mainly increase in anterior facial height 5. When pre and post treatment datas of Horizontal and Vertical activator groups were compared, skeletal difference were mainly observed in eatrnnt datas but dental difference were observed in post treatment datas ,indicating that two actiators differ only in their effects to dental variables. 6. Difference between sexes were noted after treatment although no difference were observed between sexs in each groups before treatment This indicates that inherent growth effects in each sex exerts more influence than appliances used for treatment.
Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Retrognathia

Partial situs inversus of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by reversal of the positions of thestomach and intestine, but normal placement of thoracic viscera. Its incidence is lower than that of total situsinversus. We recently encountered a classic case of partial situs inversus which simulated clinically andradiographically a hepatic abscess in a 9-year-old girl. She visited the emergency room complaining ofright-upper-quadrant pain, with tenderness; the onset had been sudden. The posteroanterior chest and uprightabdomen showed an air-fluid level in the right subphrenic area, thus raising the possibility that an abscess waspresent. An upper gastrointesitinal series and barium follow-through study disclosed that the air-fluid level wasdue to the right gastric fun-dus and that the position of the intestines was totally reversed;the small bowel wasin the right abdomen and the ileocecal valve and colon in the left. We report this case because partial situsinversus rarely simulate clinically and radiographically a right subphrenic or hepatic abscess.
Abdomen ; Abscess ; Barium ; Child ; Colon ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Humans ; Ileocecal Valve ; Incidence ; Intestines ; Liver Abscess* ; Situs Inversus* ; Thorax ; Viscera

We examined the effect of various levels of dietary protein on long term prognosis of Adriamycinnephropathy of S-D rat, fed with high protein (30%), intermediately low (10%), and strictly low (5%) protein diet for 15 weeks. 1) In rats fed with strictly low protein diets (5%), proteinuria and serum creatinine decreased and creatinine clearance and histological changes were relatively well preserved. But hypoproteinemia and weight loss were more marked and 2 rats died due to severe ascites and pleural effusion in cachexic state. 2) In rats fed with high protein diets (30%), general health condition and weight gain were relatively well preserved. But there were massive proteinuria, progressive increase in serum creatinine and progressive decrease in creatinine clearance. Focal glomerular sclerosis and severe tubulointerstitial change on histologic examination were marked. 3) With intermediately low protein diet (10%), renal function and pasma protein levels were relatively well preserved compared with high protein diet group. But weight gain did not increase normally. 4) We tentatively conclude that appropriately restricted dietary protein can prevent functional and histological renal damage. But too strict protein restriction aggravate nutitional state and general condition.
Animals ; Ascites ; Creatinine ; Diet ; Diet, Protein-Restricted ; Dietary Proteins* ; Hypoproteinemia ; Pleural Effusion ; Prognosis* ; Proteinuria ; Rats ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sclerosis ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss

Since the finite element method(FEM) was introduced to the orthopaedic biomechanics, it has been applied with increasing intrest to investigate bone, bone-prosthesis, and fracture fixation device, etc., in terms of stress, strain, force, and displacement. The authors implemented the FEM for the "intact" and the "fractured long bone models respectively to observe the mechanical behaviors of the plate fixation for the long bone fractures, and we observed the followings;l. In the intact model, stresses are evenly distributed and smoothly changed. 2. The maximum equivalent von-Mises stress in the fracture model is higher than that in the intact one. 3. Stresses on the plate are much higher than those on the bony surface in the fracture model. 4. Stresses for the bony surface beneath the plate in the fracture model are much lower than those in the intact model;however, stresses are highly concentrated around the screws. 5. Although two-thirds of total compressive load is transmitted through the fracture site area, maximum von-Mises stress in the fracture site is much lower than that in the plate. 6. High stresses are found at the areas between the plate holes and the screw heads. 7. Shearing forces of the screws are higher at the near and end screws from the fracture site.
Fracture Fixation ; Fractures, Bone ; Head