Selective infusion of the epinephrine into the renal artery has been used in the field fo the diagnostic andthe therapeutic radiology for correct diagnosis and effective treatment, respectively. However, administration ofoverdose of epinephrine may cause serious complication, renal infarction. The study was undertaken to evaluate thesequential change of renal arterial constrictive effect of selective infusion of epinephrine into renal artery andto determine the critical doses of epinephrine producing irreversible renal infarct. A total of 25 rabbits areused, which are devided into 5 groups. Under the general anesthesia is made the selective infusion of variousdoses of epinephrine into the right renal arter of the rabbits. At the various time interval during and after theepinephrine infusion, renal angiography was doen, and 24 hrs. later, gross and microscopic findings of the kidneywere observed. The results are as follows; 1. Vasoconstriction of renal artery occurred within 2 mins. infusion,and maximum effect within 5 mins. 2. It seems that there is correlation between the amount of infused epinephrineand the time taken to recover from constiction of renal artery. 3. When epinephrine is infused into the renalartery in the rate of 1ug/min., renal infarct is not noticed below the level of 10 mins., but correlation betweenthe amount of infused epinephrine and the frequency of renal infarct occures above 20 mins. infusion.
Anesthesia, General ; Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Epinephrine ; Infarction ; Rabbits ; Radiation Oncology ; Renal Artery ; Vasoconstriction

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laminins are extracellular matrix proteins localized mainly in basement membranes. Currently there are at least ten different laminin chains and 11 heterotrimetric laminin variants. Laminin-5 is a heterotrimeric basement membrane molecule (alpha3beta3gamma2). It serves as an important adhesion protein for epithelial cells and it also plays an important role in cell migration during tumor invasion and tissue remodeling. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between laminin-5 expression and clinicopathologic variables in oral cavity and oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas using immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The expression of the laminin-5 around tumor cells was determined in 32 oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinomas by immunohistochmical staining with antibody against laminin-5gamma2 chain. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that the frequency of laminin-5gamma2 chain expression was correlated with the lymph node metastasis (p<0.05). The poor differentiation of tumor cells, the large tumor size, advanced overall stage and the deep tumor invasion showed high expression of laminin-5, although it was not significant statistically. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that overexpression of laminin-5 in oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma might be a biomarker that can predict cervical lymph node metastasis.
Basement Membrane ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Movement ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laminin ; Lymph Nodes ; Mouth* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oropharynx

PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical results and efficacy of laser refractive cataract surgery with a femtosecond laser compared with conventional phacoemulsification. METHODS: Thirty-one eyes from 31 patients underwent laser refractive cataract surgery (femtosecond laser group), and conventional cataract surgery with phacoemulsification was performed in 30 eyes from 30 patients (conventional group). Best corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, surgical induced astigmatism, corneal and ocular astigmatism, total high order aberration, Strehl ratio, objective scatter index, diameter of continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (CCC), distance from visual axis to the center of CCC, intraocular lens (IOL) tilt, mean absolute error, effective phaco time, average phaco power and operation time were measured to compare the 2 groups. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between best corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, surgical induced astigmatism, corneal and ocular astigmatism, total high order aberration, Strehl ratio, objective scatter index, mean absolute error, effective phaco time, average phaco power or operation time. Significant differences were found in the diameter of CCC, distance from visual axis to the center of CCC, and IOL tilt. CONCLUSIONS: Results of laser refractive cataract surgery with a femtosecond laser showed more precise CCC, and more stable IOL position than conventional cataract surgery.
Astigmatism ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Capsulorhexis ; Cataract ; Chlormequat ; Eye ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Visual Acuity

Ganglioneruroblastoma and neuroblastoma are among commonest types of childhood malignancy and a number of unique paraneoplastic syndromes have associated with both localized and disseminated neuroblastoma. The coincidence of neuroblastoma and myoclonic encephalopathy or other paraneoplastic syndromes occurs relatively rare, and therefore, failure to recognize this association could result in delays in both diagnosis and treatment, and the result could prove to be unfortunately fatal. The mechanism which underlies the remote damaging effect of neural crest tumor, especially neuroblastoma, on the nervous system resulting in myoclonic encephalopathy is by no means clear. In addition the nature and the extent of the pathologic lesion are inconsistent. We experienced a case of myoclonic encephalopathy associated with an occult mediastinal ganglioneuroblastoma in a 22-month-old girl who was hospitalized for inability to walk without support and tilting of the head to the left side. She became increasingly ataxic, and during the hospitalization myoclonic jerks of upper extremities and head along with chaotic, rapidly flickering, multidirectional spontaneous eye movements, were noted. Laboratory data included normal complete blood count, urinalysis, BUN and creatinine, electrolytes and bone marrow. Chest X-ray and chest CT revealed a relatively well marginated right posterior mediastinal mass. In a 24 hours urine excretion test, VMA and catecholamines were increased. Over the next 2 weeks, a surgical exploration revealed a right posterior mediastinal mass. Microscopically the mass proved to be a ganglioneuroblastoma, extending to right innominate artery and right axillary lymph nodes. Within 2 weeks after the surgery, radiotherapy (2,400 rads) and chemotherapy (CTX, DTIC, VCR) were started, but corticosteroid was not used. She has been free of tumor and abnormal neurological systemic symptoms and signs for 1 1/2 year since the completion of chemotherapy. In the 3 1/2 years follow-up period, her neurologic symptoms has completely resolved by the completion of 2 years chemotherapy. We report a case of mycoclonic encephalopathy associated with hidden ganglioneuroblastoma in 22-month-old girl.
Blood Cell Count ; Bone Marrow ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; Catecholamines ; Creatinine ; Dacarbazine ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Electrolytes ; Epilepsies, Myoclonic* ; Eye Movements ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroblastoma* ; Head ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymph Nodes ; Myoclonus ; Nervous System ; Neural Crest ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes* ; Radiotherapy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Upper Extremity ; Urinalysis

No abstract available.
Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor*

Removal of blunt esophageal foreign bodies using Foley catheter under a fluoroscopic guidance is a well-recognized procedure. However, since this procedure is rather cumbersome and uncomfortable to the patient, the authors tried to find an easier and more convenient modified technique. For 10 patients with esophageal foreign body, we tried the method to the patients who is lying in the right lateral decubitus position and 3 assistants hold head. arms, trunk and legs of the patients without tilting the table and without using immobilizer. Foley catheter is inserted through nostril, nasal cavity and pharynx to esophagus. In order to identify the Foley catheter in esophagus, 0.025 inch short wire was inserted in the Foley catheter. The balloon of a Foley catheter was inflated by 10cc of air, and the syringe was kept attached to the Foley catheter during the procedure. After passage of the foreign body through the upper esophageal sphincter, the balloon was deflated immediately and the foreign body was removed through the mouth. We successfully removed in removing all the blunt esophageal foreign body with ease. This modified method is also fast, safe and efficient.
Arm ; Catheters* ; Deception ; Esophageal Sphincter, Upper ; Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies* ; Head ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods* ; Mouth ; Nasal Cavity ; Pharynx ; Syringes

OBJECTIVE: The study was performed to evaluate whether thallium reinjection (RI) distinguishes viable from nonviable myocardium among myocardial segments which showed persistent perfusion defect (PD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 22 patients underwent PTCA after AMI. SPECT was performed in all patients using dipyridamole stress- 4 hour redistribution (RD) followed by 24 hour RI protocols. Dysfunctional segs were classified into 5 groups: 1) normal, 2) reversible, 3) mild to moderate PD, 4) severe PD and 5) reverse redistribution (RR). All patients underwent follow up echocardiography after 4 months to assess regional wall motion (WM) improvement such as a criteria of viable myocardium. RESULTS: A total of 127 segs with abnormal WM was analyzed. Of 74 segs with PD, 17 (23%) showed enhanced uptake after 24 hour RI. Five of 17 segs (29%) with PD that responded to RI with enhanced thallium uptake showed WM improvement. WM improvement were seen in the 24 of 57 segs (42%) not responding to RI. All four segs (100%) with RR that responded to RI showed improvement. WM improvement were not seen in the 5 of 8 segs (71%) with RR not responding to thallium RI. Eleven (73%) of 15 segs with mild-moderate PD after RI showed improvement, but 33% of segs with severe PD after RI did not showed improvement. Segs with mild-moderate PD after RI and fill in after RI showed improvement in comparison to segs with severe PD after RI(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that because only small proportion of PD showed further perfusion improvement after RI and predictive value by the uptake after RI was low, there was limited role of RI after myocardial infarction. Usefulness of RI could be found in segs showing RR responding to RI in AMI reflects viable myocardium.
Dipyridamole ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Thallium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

In Asia, mammography following the injection of foreign materials into the breasts for cosmetic augmentation is frequently seen and diagnosis based on the typical radiologic findings is straightforward. We report the unusual radiologic findings in two patients with foreign body granulomas caused by injected foreign materials and discovered incidentally during screening work up. The mammographic findings were bilateral, hyperdense, spiculated masses, with occasional microcalcification, and at sonography, markedly hypoechoic, spiculated solid masses, located near the pectoralis muscle and partly extending into it, were observed. These radiologic findings mimicked malignancy.
Breast Neoplasms/radiography ; Case Report ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Esthetics ; Female ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/etiology/*radiography/*ultrasonography ; Human ; Injections/adverse effects ; Mammography ; Middle Age ; Paraffin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans* ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Nephrosis, Lipoid*