Eight strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi were isolated from Kyonggi area during January-February,1997. They were resistant to ampiciUin, amoxicillin, carbeniciillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim. Eight strains had one plasmid respectively which size was approximately M.W 220 kb and showed same restriction pattern by endonuclease HindIII. The plasmid was similar to the plasmid in size that was related to multidrug resistant S. typhi isolated from southeast Asia. It were transferred by conjugation to recipient E, coli K-12 in frequency of 2.43 x10-4 - 1.73 x 10-2 and transconjugant showed same drug-resistant pattem with donor cells. All of 8 strains produced B-lactamase that was assummed to TEM-1 type by isoelectric focusing and PCR.
Amoxicillin ; Asia, Southeastern ; Chloramphenicol ; Deoxyribonuclease HindIII ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing ; Korea* ; Plasmids* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Salmonella typhi* ; Salmonella* ; Tetracycline ; Tissue Donors ; Trimethoprim

BACKGROUND: Microlymphocytotoxicity test is most widely used for HLA Class l typing but almost all laboratories depend on imported HLA Class 1 typing trays. Matching criteria for the selection of HLA- matched platelets to treat platelet refractoriness is not as strict as for bone marrow transplantation. Therefore, with the acquisition of various antisera against high frequency HLA antigens, self-made HLA typing trays can be used for HLA typing of HLA-matched platelet donors. METHODS: 140 samples obtained during placental delivery were tested for the presence of HLA antibodies against a well-characterized panel of 90 cells. Specificity of HLA antisera were determined by evaluating the correlation coefficient r of the 2 x 2 table, x2 test. Antisera strength was evaluated by the strength index. RESULTS: HLA antibodies were detected in 25 samples by primary screening and 23 samples also showed a positive reaction in secondary screening(16%). Among 23 samples, 1 1 antisera were of reagent grade quality and 7 were monospecific antisera. DISCUSSION: Imported HLA typing trays can be replaced by harvesting HLA antisera against HLA antigens which are relatively common in Koreans through continuous HLA antibody screening using gushed out blood during placental delivery. (Korean J Blood Transfusion 10(1): 53-60, 1999)
Antibodies ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Testing ; HLA Antigens ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Donors

BACKGROUND: The proper management of the patients with hypotention remains a difficult clinical problem. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gepefrin in the treament of symptomatic hypotensive patients in outpatient clinic of university hospital. METHODS: Thirty milligrams of Gepefrin was given twice daily for 4 weeks in 30 patients with hypotension(6 males, 24 females ; 23-60 years of age). Blood pressure, heart rate, subjective symptoms and side effects were checked before medication and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th week of medication. RESULTS: 1) Grpefrin increased sitting systolic blood pressure significantly(p<0.05) by the end of 1st week and thereafter. 2) Hypotensive symptoms were improved in 76% of hypotensive patients and overall rate of usefulness was 70%. 3) Heart rate did not change significantly. 4) One patient complained of loose bowel movement and another one, of anorexia among 30 study patients and all laboratory parameters were within normal limits before and after drug treatment, thus the rate of safety was 93%. CONCLUSION: Results from this study suggests that gepefrin 60mg daily increases the blood pressure mildly and improves the symptoms moderately in symptomatic hypotensive patients.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anorexia ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypotension* ; Male ; Quality of Life

A 2-year-old girl, previously healthy, was brought to our emergency department due to abdominal pain (cramping), following recurrent hematochezia after an accidental hydrogen peroxide enema (35%, 5 mL) by her caregiver. She was hospitalized and admitted to the pediatric department and treated with NPO (nil per os), intravenous fluid, and parenteral antibiotic therapy. Laboratory, radiologic, endoscopic evaluations were performed. She was discharged with full recovery 10 days after admission. This may be the first case report of acute chemical colitis by accidental hydrogen peroxide enema in children.
Abdominal Pain ; Caregivers ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enema* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen*

A 2-year-old girl, previously healthy, was brought to the emergency department because of significant cramping abdominal pain with recurrent hematochezia after an accidental hydrogen peroxide enema (35%, 5 mL) by her caregiver. She was hospitalized to the pediatric department and treated with nothing per mouth, intravenous fluid and parenteral antibiotic therapy. Laboratory, radiologic and endoscopic evaluation was performed during the admission period. She was discharged in a fully recovered state on the tenth hospital day, and this is the first case report of acute chemical colitis by accidental hydrogen peroxide enema in children.
Abdominal Pain ; Caregivers ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enema* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen* ; Mouth ; Muscle Cramp

The authors violated the publication ethics by their dual submission and publication to our journal and the J Korean Soc Emerg Med. The contents were the same in papers published in both the journals. And the authors had agreed to and confirmed the “Submission Agreement”; therefore, the authors are considered to have violated EHT's policy on duplicate submissions. Therefore, the editorial board of the EHT decided to retract this paper from the journal.

A 2-year-old girl, previously healthy, was brought to the emergency department because of significant cramping abdominal pain with recurrent hematochezia after an accidental hydrogen peroxide enema (35%, 5 mL) by her caregiver. She was hospitalized to the pediatric department and treated with nothing per mouth, intravenous fluid and parenteral antibiotic therapy. Laboratory, radiologic and endoscopic evaluation was performed during the admission period. She was discharged in a fully recovered state on the tenth hospital day, and this is the first case report of acute chemical colitis by accidental hydrogen peroxide enema in children.
Abdominal Pain ; Caregivers ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enema ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Hydrogen ; Mouth ; Muscle Cramp

The authors violated the publication ethics by their dual submission and publication to our journal and the J Korean Soc Emerg Med. The contents were the same in papers published in both the journals. And the authors had agreed to and confirmed the “Submission Agreement”; therefore, the authors are considered to have violated EHT's policy on duplicate submissions. Therefore, the editorial board of the EHT decided to retract this paper from the journal.

The utility of computed axial tomography(CAT) in the diagnosis of spinal disorders has been the subject of considerable interest since the introduction of CAT scanning. Computed tomographic guided needle biopsy of 12 consecutive patients with a variety of undermined spinal disorders resulted in a 100% yield of positive tissue diagnoses, without signlficant complications. The principal advantage of cat guidance is the continuous direct observation of the needle tip position in relation to the target volume. We think that the application of computed tomographic guided needle biopsy in the lesions of the spine is of great value, because it is the single most accurate method of obtaining diagnosis other than by open surgical biopsy.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Cats ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Methods ; Needles ; Spine

OBJECTIVE: It has been known that the posterior pedicle screw fixation provides good mechanical stability in unstable burst fracture. But, posterior fixation without anterior column support may not be adequate to withstand the axial load and to keep the corrected kyphotic angle. We present results of one stage fixation by posterior approach in unstable burst fracture. METHODS: Nine patients with unstable burst fracture were treated with posterior fixation and intervertebral fusion using titanium mesh cages and pedicle screws. The canal decompression was achieved by laminectomy and partial pediculectomy through the posterior approach. In all cases, the short segment fixation and anterior column support with cage were performed on the one stage operation. RESULTS: Of nine patients, seven was satisfied with excellent clinical results except two cases of the Frankel's grade A. All patients had good stabilization of spinal column and enough decompression without any neurological complications. It was possible to maintain the corrected kyphotic angle with the circumferential stabilization(three column fixation). CONCLUSION: The anterior and posterior column fixation through the posterior approach provides good stability and decompression in the patients with unstable burst fracture.
Decompression* ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Spine* ; Titanium