The result of studying papers about management of lower back pain published in domestic and foreign nursing and medical magazines in these 10 years is as follows; 1. General characteristic of lower back pain; 1) In sex distribution, there were more men than women in 5 papers and more women than men in 4 papers among 9 papers surveryed. 2) In age distribution, thirties to forties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by general hospitals and fifties to sixties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by oriental medical hospitals. 3) In cause factor, there were 50 to 65% of sprain, 32 to 44% of herniated intervertebral disc and 13 to 29% of degenerative changes. 4) In symtom distribution, there were 26 to 57% of lower back pain, 42 to 65% of lower back pain with radiating pain and 34 to 99% of paravertevral muscle spasm. 5) In period of pain management distribution, 18 to 40% of patients experienced pain for Jess than 6 months and 59 to 82% of them experienced pain for more than 6 months in 3 papers among 4 papers. 6) In surveying the treatment, 66 to 88% of patients had conservative treatment and there were treatments of general hospital, oriental medicine, self remedy and traditional practice in conservative treatment. 7) In job distribution, 12 to 50% of them were housekeepers, 23 to 31% office workers, 4.6 to 36% blue color workers and 11 to 15% students. 2. As psychological character lower back pain paients had anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, phobic anxiety, neurasthenia, hypochondriasis, and interpersonal sensitivity. 3. To distinguish the cause of lower back pain, plain lumbar roentgenogram, straight leg rasing test, eletromyelogic findings, somatosensory evoked potentials CT and MRI were performed. 4. To relieve lower back pain, epidural adhesiolysis, epidulal injection of local anesthetic in mixture with steroid, lumbar spinal root block, low level laser therapy, acupuncture like transcutaneous nerve stimulation(ALTENS), topical capsaicin and lumbar orthotics were used in medical field, and relaxation technique was used in nursing field. 5. Mckenzie's extension exercise and William's flexsion exercise for lower back pain were used in medical field and Yoga exercise was applied in nursing field. 6. The more school education and self efficacy were high, the better they had active coping lower back pain positively and the less self efficacy was the more they had serious pain. As a result of studying the paper there have been very little research for lower back pain in nursing fields of Korea and foreign countries. Because 60 to 80% of population expeience lower back pain at least more than once, it is necessary to develop the study and clinical practice for management of lower back pain.
Acupuncture ; Age Distribution ; Anxiety ; Capsaicin ; Depression ; Education ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis ; Intervertebral Disc ; Korea ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; Leg ; Low Back Pain* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Neurasthenia ; Nursing ; Pain Management ; Periodicals as Topic ; Relaxation ; Self Efficacy ; Sex Distribution ; Spasm ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; Sprains and Strains ; Yoga

To observe whether the measurement of enzyme activity has any critical role in assesment of diagnostic value, beta-glucuronidase and lactic dehydrogenase activities in neoplastic tissue of stomach were compared with those in the stomach at the stomach mucosa at the antrum and body which was uninvolved by tumor. And then activities of those enzymes were also compared with differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas. The stomach tested were obtained by gastrectomy in Pusan National University Hospital during the months from March to June in 1983. The results were summarized as follows: 1) beta-glucuronidase activity in the neoplastic tissue of stomach was higher than that in the antral and body mucosa, and this enzyme activity in the antral mucosa with intestinal metaplasia was higher than that in the body mucosa of stomach. 2) Lactic dehydrogenase activity in the neoplastic tissue of stomach was similar to that in the antral mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, and was higher than that in the body mucosa of stomach. 3) Acitivities of both enzymes in the neoplastic tissue of differentiated carcinoma were slightly higher than that of undifferentiated one, but did not found statistically significant difference. 4) In the neoplastic tissue of the stomach there was no significant correlation between beta-glucuronidase and latic dehydrogenase activities. Above results support that the measurement of gastric juice enzymes is useful in the diagnosis of stomach carcinoma and may be of value in the identification of high-risk groups.

No abstract available.
Leg*

This article was published with an error.

No abstract available.
Fees and Charges* ; Insurance*

PURPOSE: Anorectal manometry has become a routine investigation for the evaluation of patients with anorectal disorders. However, the interpretation of such studies is confounded by the fact that controversial data are reported with regard to the same events. The aim of this study was to measure the reproducibility of the pressure profiles of anorectal manometry in healthy controls for standardization of their measurements. METHODS: Manometric study was performed on different days with 7 days interval in 22 male healthy subjects with the use of a pneumohydraulic capillary perfusion system. RESULTS: For resting pressures with rapid pull-through (RPT) technique, maximum pressure revealed 43.58, 19.8% and mean pressure, 16.02, 14.6% in the order of reproducibility coefficient and coefficient of variation. For resting pressures with stationary pull-through (SPT) technique, maximum pressure; 17.22, 12.2% and mean pressure; 14.66, 26.4%, respectively. For squeezing pressures with RPT technique, maximum pressure; 53.37, 14.3% and mean pressure; 66.32, 23.6%. For squeezing pressures with SPT technique, maximum pressure; 72.80, 11.9%, mean pressure; 93.10, 30.5% and coughing pressure; 69.42, 15.8%, respectively, For anal canal length (ACL) with RPT technique, at resting state; 7.10, 7.9% and at squeezing state; 14.55, 13.7%, respectively. For high pressure zone (HPZ) with RPT technique, at resting state; 6.68, 16.3% and at squeezing state; 11.06, 23.5%. For HPZ with SPT technique, at resting state; 11.28, 25.4% and at squeezing state; 10.04, 17.5%, respectively. For radial asymmetry (RA) with RPT technique, at resting state; 13.76, 42.3% and at squeezing state; 7.86, 22.9%. For RA with SPT technique, at resting state; 24.6, 58.6% and at squeezing state; 14.28, 46.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Measurements of resting and squeezing pressure are more reproducible by SPT technique, in which technique it seems that maximum value is more preferred as a representative value. ACL and HPZ are may well measured on resting pressure with SPT technique. Radial asymmetry shows the best reproducibility on squeezing pressure with RPT.
Anal Canal ; Capillaries ; Cough ; Humans ; Male ; Manometry ; Perfusion

This study was performed for the purpose of evaluation of plasma PGE2, levels in patients with gastric carcinomas. To carry out this study twenty-one gastrectomy patients with gastric carcinoma were selected. Serial plasma PGE2 levels were measured before and after operation by radioimmunoassay. Plasma PGE2 was also measured in five normal healthy volunteers or of patients with gastric ulcer. The conclusion drawn therefrom were as followed: 1) In normal healthy volunteers, plasma PGE2 level was 50.2+/-16.5 pg/ml which ws higher than that of parients with gastric ulcer, 20.7+/-15.4 pg/ml, (p<0.001). 2) In patients with diffuse type of gastric carcinoma, preoperative and postoperative plasma PGE2 levels were 25.7+/-12.1 pg/ml, and 23.1+/-8.7 pg/ml, rewpectively. In parients with intestinal type of gastric carcinoma, preoperative and postoperastive plasma PGE2 levels were 26.2+/-8.9 pg/ml and 24.1+/-11.2 pg/ml, respectively. In both types of gastric carcinoma, plasma PGE2 levels were lower than that of normal healthy volunteers and there was no significant difference compaired with the levels in patients with gastric ulcer. 3) In diffuse and intestinal types of gastric carcinoma, postoperative PGE2 levels were lower that those of preoperative state but it was not significant. 4) In early and advanced gastric carcinoma, preoperative PGE2 levels were 29.0+/-11.7 pg/ml and 24.8+/-9.9 pg/ml, respectively. There was no significant difference by the depth of invasion. From the result as mentioned above, it is concluded that plasma PGE2 levels of patients with gastric carcinoma and it is presumable that there is a factor decreasing plasma PGE2 levels in patients with gastric carcinoma or ulcer.

We report a case of extraskeletal osteosarcoma in view of rarity, and a brief review of the literature related to this type of tumor is presented. The patient was a 31-year-old Korean woman, who had noticed a bean-sized hard mass in the right thigh progressively enlarged to become egg-size during about 7 months, followed by pain and tenderness. There was neither recognizable previous lesion nor causable agent about the mass on history taking. Physical examination revealed another palpable mass on the inguinal area. The right thigh and inguinal masses were simply excised and histologically confirmed to be an extraskeletal osteosarcoma and metastatic one, respectively.
Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

This study was undertaken to evaluate the significant diagnostic points of chronic alcoholic hepatitis (CALH) among clinicopathologic findings observed. The specimens used in this study were 20 cases of CALH and 28 cases of chronic active viral hepatitis (CAVH), which were diagnosed at our University Hospital during 9 years period from 1978 to 1987. In these cases, comparative analysis of age and sex distribution, major clinical manifestations, and laboratory and histopathologic findings was performed. The results obained were summarized as follows: Among 20 cases of CALH, the sex distribution was 15 in male and 15 in female with a ratio of 3:1. The range of age distribution was wide from third to seventh decade. There was no recognizable special point about the age and sex distribution of CALH, compared with cases of CAVH. Major clinical manifestations of CALH were hepatomegaly (85%), jaundice (75%) and abdominal pain (50%). Also there was no recognizable special point about the major clinical manifestations of CALH, compared with cases of CAVH. Abnormal values of major laboratory items in CALH were observed in activities of serum r-GTP (100%), SGOT (95%), SGPT (75%) and serum alkaline phosphatase (60%), and total serum bilirubin (60%). Compared with CAVH in major laboratory findings, the significant diagnostic items of CALH were the activities of serum r-GTP and alkaline phosphatase. The characteristic histopathologic findings of CALH, which were compared with CAVH and observed in liver parenchyma, were fatty change (100%), cytoplasmic ballooning and coagulation (100%), delicate fibrosis (85%), bile stagnation (35%), and Mallory bodies (20%), and that observed blurring of limiting plate (60%) in portal and periportal areas.
Female ; Male ; Humans

Health services on industrial noisy environment have been provided only for noise-induced hearing loss management until now. But gradually, modern diseases and death have come to be related to stress and mental health deeply, therefore noise-induced mental disorder, like a stress became very important. In this point, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between noise exposure level in worksite and workers' stress symptoms. This study included a survey of 786 manual workers selected from 89 worksites in 21 factories in Puchon. The results were as follows: 1. For demographic characteristics, most of the workers were males(80.8%), the 20~29 years old were 34.5% and those who graduated from high school were 65.3%. The workers whose monthly income ranged from 500,000 to 800,000 won were 37.5% and who have a religion were 47.9%. 2. For occupational characteristics, workers who had worked 1~5 years in the factories were 33.0%. Those who felt much for them workload were 43.9% and who worked more than 8 hours a day were 73.9 %. Those who were dissatisfied with their job and pay were 31.9% and 50.6%. The workers who responded ventilation condition of their worksites were bad were 51.9% and the dissatisfied with working environment of their wofksites were 45.9%. 3. Workers who were suffering from tinnitus were 53.3% and those who perceived hearing loss were 50.l%. Persons who reported they always wore earplugs at work were 35.4%. Those who felt earplugs bigger than their ears were 30.6% and those who experienced eardiseases caused by earplugs were 25.6%. 4. For the noise exposure level in worksite, workers who were exposed to 80-90dB were 30.3%, 90-100dB were 26.4% and 50~70dB were 19.2%. 5. workers' stress symptoms were significantly related to marital status and their monthly income p< 0.05). Workers who were single and had lower monthly income showed higher PSl (Psychiatric symptom Index) scores than those who were married and had higher monthly income. Higher PSl scores were also significantly related to l~2 days night-work per week, much for them workload, dissatisfaction with their job, and bad relationship with their bosses and coworkers. 6. Higher PSl scores were significantly related to severe tinnitus and perceived hearing loss p<0.001). Workers who felt the earplugs they use did not fit their ears showed significantly higher PSl scores(p<0.01). Workers who reported that they did not feel they need earplugs showed significantly higher PSl scores(p<0.05). Increased experience of eardisease caused by earplugs that did not fit were also significantly related to higher PSl scores(p<0.001). 7. The higher noise exposure level in worksite from 80dB was, the more severe stress symptoms including PSl subparts were reported; Anxiety, Anger, Depression, and cognitive disorder(p<0.001). 8. According to the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, factors affecting workers' PSl scores were perceived hearing loss(R2=0.160), noise exposure level jn worksite(R2=0.110), relationship with coworkers, amount of workload, monthly income and relationship with bosses orderly and the total R2 of this 6 factors was 0.371. 9. The most significant factors that have impact on manual workers' stress symptoms were perceived hearing loss and noise exposure level in worksite, especially noise exposure level in the worksite was the most affective factor on the depression symptom.
Anger ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Ear ; Ear Protective Devices ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Services ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Mental Disorders ; Mental Health ; Noise* ; Tinnitus ; Ventilation ; Workplace*