Maternal phenylketonuria(PKU) is a disorder which appears when a pregnant woman with PKU doesn't take low phenylalanine diet, phenylalanine level of the fetus rises and interferes with fetal development and can easily result in abortion, low birth weight, microcephaly, cardiac anomaly or mental retardation. To prevent these effects of untreated maternal PKU, low phenylalanine diet should be taken to maintain the serum phenylalanine level less than 10mg/dl throughout the pregnancy. We experienced a case of maternal PKU in a female baby born to a 26-year-old woman with PKU who didn't take low phenylalanine diet until eighth moth of pregnancy. She showed intrauterine growth retardation, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. We report a case of maternal PKU with a brief review.
Adult ; Diet ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetus ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Microcephaly ; Moths ; Phenylalanine ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women

In some specific measurement, observations, and analyses of certain aspects of the voice and voice production used in phoniatrics, signs of various laryngeal disorders were identified, indicating that these tools can be used as aids in the diagnosis of laryngeal disorders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Human ; Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis* ; Middle Age ; Voice Disorders/diagnosis*

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermic effects, the macronutrient oxidation rates and the satiety of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). METHODS: The thermic effects of two meals containing MCT or long-chain triglycerides (LCT) were compared in ten healthy men (mean age 24.4 +/- 2.9 years). Energy content of the meal was 30% of resting metabolic rate of each subject. Metabolic rate and macronutrient oxidation rate were measured before the meals and for 6 hours after the meals by indirect calorimetry. Satiety was estimated by using visual analogue scales (VAS) at 8 times (before the meal and for 6 hours after meal). RESULTS: Total thermic effect of MCT meal (42.8 kcal, 8.0% of energy intake) was significantly higher than that (26.8 kcal, 5.1% of energy intake) of the LCT meal. Mean postprandial oxygen consumption was also significantly different between the two types of meals (MCT meal: 0.29 +/- 0.35 L/min, LCT meal: 0.28 +/- 0.27 L/min). There were no significant differences in total postprandial carbohydrate and fat oxidation rates between the two meals. However, from 30 to 120 minutes after consumption of meals, the fat oxidation rate of MCT meal was significantly higher than that of the LCT meal. Comparison of satiety values (hunger, fullness and appetite) between the two meals showed that MCT meal maintained satiety for a longer time than the LCT meal. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the possibility that long-term substitution of MCT for LCT would produce weight loss if energy intake remained constant.
Calorimetry, Indirect ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Oxygen Consumption ; Triglycerides* ; Weight Loss ; Weights and Measures

A total 49 strains of Escherichia coli suspected of causative organisms of urinary tract infection were isolated and studies for several properties related to the virulence markers of organisms. Urinary isolates (42.9%) showed higher frequency of mannose resistant hemaglutination (MRHA) with human erythrocytes (O type, Rh+) than stool isolates (13.3%) as a control group. Fifteen strains (30.6%) of urinary isolates and 2 (l3.3%) of stool isolates showed hemolysis on blood agar plate. Fourteen strains (28.6%) of urinary isolates and 5 (33.3%) of stool isolates produced colicin. Twelve strains (52.5%) among 23 strains of positive MRHA reaction and 5 (12.2%) of 41 non-MRHA strains found to be hemolytic effect but the frequency of transferable antimicrobial resistance of non MRHA strains was greater than that of MRHA strains. Three properties of hemaglutination, hemolysis, and colicin production were not transferred to recipient E. coli ML 14lO and/or RG 488 by conjugation whereas the antimicrobial resistance were transferred. There was not any significant difference of the minimal inhibitory concentration of 11 drugs between both groups of hemaglutinating and non-hemaglutinating strains. * A thesis submitted to the Committee of the Graduate School of Kyung Pook National University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medical Science in June 1985.
Agar ; Erythrocytes ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Mannose ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Virulence

Malposition of catheter in the subdural space is a possible complication during attempted epidural anesthesia. We report here an inadvertent subdural block confirmed by the radiographic contrast materiaL Epidural anesthesia was planned for a full-term gravida and epidural catheter was inserted about 3 cm cranially at the level of L1-2. After injection of 19.5 ml local anesthetic, blood pressure was 70/50 mmHg. Fluid was rapidly infused and intravenous ephedrine 10 mg was given. After then, vital signs were well maintained and twin babies were delivered without events. Twentyfive minutes later, she complained chest tightness and became tachypneic. Ketamine 50 mg was given and endotracheal intubation was performed with ease. She obeyed command, but could not open her eyes for some duration. Self respiration returned after 110 minutes and minute ventilation was 6 liter/minute at that time. 160 minutes later, extubation was done and radiological examination was performed using contrast materiaL The cathter tip was positioned in anterior subdural space at T12 level.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Ephedrine ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Ketamine ; Respiration ; Subdural Space ; Thorax ; Twins ; Ventilation ; Vital Signs

Central venous catheterization has been frequently used in pediatric patients in wide variety of conditions. Several authors have described about various complication of central venous catheterization in pediatric patients and reported complication rates of 3% to 6%. Knotting of guidewire as a complication of central venous catheterization has been reported in adult patients, but knotting of guidewire has not been reported in infants. Therefore we report an infant who experienced a knotting of guidewire during internal jugular vein catheterization which was successfully removed without any adverse events. We suggest that knot formation is possible in infants and there should be a high suspicion if resistance is felt at the time of catheter advancement.
Adult ; Catheterization ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Humans ; Infant ; Jugular Veins

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the difference in satisfaction and learning benefits between e-portfolios compared to paper portfolios during clinical practice in medical schools. Methods: Utilization of and satisfaction with e-portfolios among 40 third-year medical students in the medicine department of Ajou University School of Medicine was collected using an online survey in December 2020. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance. Results: Students perceived that e-portfolios were highly beneficial for consistently documenting activities during clinical practice, when compared to paper-based portfolios (mean±standard deviation [SD]=2.60±1.22). However, the least rated aspect was that e-portfolios require less time than paper-based portfolios (mean±SD=1.80±1.14). Additionally, among the various clinical practice courses using e-portfolios, the highest satisfaction was observed with the fewest content items in the e-portfolio. Conclusion To maximize the potential benefits of e-portfolios, improvements in implementation and usability are essential. Additionally, for effective utilization of e-portfolios in clinical practice, it is necessary to clearly define students’ required competencies and ultimate goals, and structure content accordingly.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the difference in satisfaction and learning benefits between e-portfolios compared to paper portfolios during clinical practice in medical schools. Methods: Utilization of and satisfaction with e-portfolios among 40 third-year medical students in the medicine department of Ajou University School of Medicine was collected using an online survey in December 2020. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance. Results: Students perceived that e-portfolios were highly beneficial for consistently documenting activities during clinical practice, when compared to paper-based portfolios (mean±standard deviation [SD]=2.60±1.22). However, the least rated aspect was that e-portfolios require less time than paper-based portfolios (mean±SD=1.80±1.14). Additionally, among the various clinical practice courses using e-portfolios, the highest satisfaction was observed with the fewest content items in the e-portfolio. Conclusion To maximize the potential benefits of e-portfolios, improvements in implementation and usability are essential. Additionally, for effective utilization of e-portfolios in clinical practice, it is necessary to clearly define students’ required competencies and ultimate goals, and structure content accordingly.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the difference in satisfaction and learning benefits between e-portfolios compared to paper portfolios during clinical practice in medical schools. Methods: Utilization of and satisfaction with e-portfolios among 40 third-year medical students in the medicine department of Ajou University School of Medicine was collected using an online survey in December 2020. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance. Results: Students perceived that e-portfolios were highly beneficial for consistently documenting activities during clinical practice, when compared to paper-based portfolios (mean±standard deviation [SD]=2.60±1.22). However, the least rated aspect was that e-portfolios require less time than paper-based portfolios (mean±SD=1.80±1.14). Additionally, among the various clinical practice courses using e-portfolios, the highest satisfaction was observed with the fewest content items in the e-portfolio. Conclusion To maximize the potential benefits of e-portfolios, improvements in implementation and usability are essential. Additionally, for effective utilization of e-portfolios in clinical practice, it is necessary to clearly define students’ required competencies and ultimate goals, and structure content accordingly.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the difference in satisfaction and learning benefits between e-portfolios compared to paper portfolios during clinical practice in medical schools. Methods: Utilization of and satisfaction with e-portfolios among 40 third-year medical students in the medicine department of Ajou University School of Medicine was collected using an online survey in December 2020. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance. Results: Students perceived that e-portfolios were highly beneficial for consistently documenting activities during clinical practice, when compared to paper-based portfolios (mean±standard deviation [SD]=2.60±1.22). However, the least rated aspect was that e-portfolios require less time than paper-based portfolios (mean±SD=1.80±1.14). Additionally, among the various clinical practice courses using e-portfolios, the highest satisfaction was observed with the fewest content items in the e-portfolio. Conclusion To maximize the potential benefits of e-portfolios, improvements in implementation and usability are essential. Additionally, for effective utilization of e-portfolios in clinical practice, it is necessary to clearly define students’ required competencies and ultimate goals, and structure content accordingly.