No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritonitis*

A fetal rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma is considered to be a predominantly monophasic mesenchymal variant of Wilms' tumor, which acts less aggressively than a conventional Wilms' tumor despite its much larger size. Bilaterality of this tumor in a nine month-old girl, however, may negatively affect the overall prognosis. A radical nephrectomy for bulky masses in the left kidney and a partial nephrectomy for right kidney with five small tumor masses was performed at the same time. Two small tumor masses in the upper part of right kidney were left behind because of preserving minimal renal functional capacity. Pathological study revealed a mixed type of nephroblastoma which was composed predominantly of mesenchymal components with fetal rhabdomyomatous differentiation. After post-operative chemotherapy with vincristine, actinomycin D and adriamycin, and radiotherapy(2,130 rad), residual tumor masses became a single tumor 5 cm in diameter and well demarcated, which was resected at 15 months after first operation when the size and renal function of remained right kidney was appropriate to resect out the residual tumor. The tumor resected out at second operation was entirely composed of scattered differentiated fetal skeletal muscle cells in the fibrovascular tissue. Only a few entrapped epithelial components were seen but no blastemal cornponents were present. Follow up abdominal CT and ultrasonographic examinations revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence. The girl has developed normally without disease.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma(UES) is an uncommon malignant hepatic tumor that occurs in older children and young adults. Six cases of UES were reviewed to determine their characterisfic findings on sonography (US) (n=5), computed tomography (CT) (n=6), and angiography (n=2) US demonstrated a single large, echogenic mass with some anechoic spaces in each case. CT revealed a well demarcated hypodense mass with hyperdense septa of variable shape and thickness. Four cases showed enhancing peripheral rim and some solid portions at the periphery or adjacent to the septa. Follow-up CT scan in one case who had not been treated showed enhancing solid portion changed to hypodense areas. Angiography showed hypovascular or avascular mass. Familiarity with these radiological findings of UES of liver will be helpful in differential diagnosis of primary hepatic tumors of childhood.
Angiography ; Child* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Sarcoma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

We reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of intracranial teratoma to detect the characteristic findings. Five patients with intracranial teratoma were evaluated with MRI from January 1988 to December 1990. Four male and one female patients with age ranging from 6 to 14 years were surgicelly confirmed MRI was done with 2.0T superconducting system(Spectro 20000, Goldstar, Seoul) and gadolinium enhancement was done in 4 patients. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, operative, pathologic, and radiologic findings. Intracranial teratomas showed fatty component, calcification and cystic component filled with sebum or serous fluid. Peripheral rim enhancement was seen in three and irregular enhancement in two cases. There were hydrocephalus in all teratoma, but neither surrounding edema nor surrounding tissue invasion was seen. Low signal intensity rim was noted around the solid component of all tumors and they were not enhanced. MRI showed multicomponent of intracranial teratoma including the solid and cystic component, and low singal rim which might be the characteristic findings of the intracranial teratoma.
Edema ; Female ; Gadolinium ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sebum ; Teratoma*

Three patients with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the uterine cervix are reported and the literature is reviewed. All the three patients in the current study presented with vaginal bleeding. They were found to have diffuse large cleaved cell lymphoma, one of which was multilobated variant with marked sclerosis. Histologically, differential diagnsis from undifferentiated small cell carcinoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma & other sarcomas was difficult and requires special stains including immunobistochemical study. Vaginal pap smears were diagnosed as 'class V; malignant lymphoma' in only one patient. Immunologically, two cases were beta-cell lineage and one case was T-cell lineage. All the patients were treated with chemotherapy only and showed good responses.

Midpalatal suture expansion if often used for patients having narrow maxillary arch, cleft palate, respiratory handicap with narrow nasal cavity. CGRP has been known as a modulator of pain transmission in central nervous system and a local effector to peripheral tissue causing vasodilation, increase of blood flow, modulation of immunesystem, regulation of macrophagic function and stimulation of bone formation. To investigate changes of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in midpalatal suture during the expansion, immunohistochemical study was performed by using rats. Experimental rats (10 weeks, 250 gm) were divided into five groups (control, 1, 4, 7, 14 days group (each n=4) and applied orthodontic force (approximately 200gm) to upper anterior incisors. Frozen sections of midpalatal suture area were immunostained by using rabbit antisera. The results were as follows: The CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were hardly observed in control group. In 1 day group, the CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were more increased around the vessels than control group. In 4 days group, the CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were more increased than control group, but nor more increased than 1 day group. Vascular diameter was more enlarged. In 7 days group, especially, hematoxilin affinity of cells was remarkable and cells were arranged along the bone margin. The CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were more reduced than 4 days group and vascular diameter was also reduced. In 14 days group. the CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were similar to those of 7 days group and the irregularity of bone margin was almost recoverd. In Conclusion, the CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers may be related to intial neurogenic inflammatory reaction in expanding mid-palatal suture.
Animals ; Central Nervous System ; Cleft Palate ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Incisor ; Nasal Cavity ; Nerve Fibers* ; Osteogenesis ; Rats* ; Sutures* ; Vasodilation

PURPOSE: Prostaglandin (PG) E2 is known to be closely related to cancer progression and is inactivated by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). 15-PGDH is shown to have tumor suppressor activity and to be down-regulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we evaluated the expression of 15-PGDH and its prognostic effect in patients with CRC. METHODS: 15-PGDH expression was examined by using immunohistochemistry in 77 patients with CRC. Its prognostic significance was statistically evaluated. RESULTS: Negative 15-PGDH expression was noted in 55.8% of the 77 cases of CRC. 15-PGDH expression showed no correlation with any of the various clinicopathologic parameters. The status of lymph node metastasis, tumor-node-metastasis stages, and pre-operative carcinoembryonic antigen levels showed significant prognostic effect. However, univariate analysis revealed down-regulation of 15-PGDH not to be a predictor of poor survival. The 5-year overall survival rate was 71.7% in the group with positive expression of 15-PGDH and 67.1% in the group with negative expression of 15-PGDH, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.751). CONCLUSION: 15-PGDH was down-regulated in 55.8% of the colorectal cancer patients. However, down-regulation of 15-PGDH showed no prognostic value in patients with CRC. Further larger scale or prospective studies are needed to clarify the prognostic effect of 15-PGDH down-regulation in patients with colorectal cancer.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oxidoreductases ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: The treatment of intrahepatic stones is difficult because of frequent recurrence and residual stones. There are several suggested methods of treatment which include surgical bile-uct exploration with or without biliary drainage, an endoscopic procedure, transhepatic cholangiolithotomy, and hepatic resection. METHODS: We reviewed the therapeutic results in 96 patients who had hepatolithiasis and received surgery at Soon Chun Hyang University Chunan Hospital during the 10 years from June 1987 to June 1997. We divided them into 2 groups: one was the group of patients receiving a hepatic resection with or without a drainage procedure (resection group), and the other was the group of patients receiving only a T-ube choledochostomy or drainage procedure (nonresection group). RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.74, and the most prevalent age group was the 5th decade (31.3%). The most common symptoms were epigastric pain (61%) and RUQ pain (60%), and the locations of stones were the right intrahepatic duct in 10 cases (10.4%), the left intrahepatic duct in 47 cases (49%), and both intrahepatic duct in 39 cases (40.6%). Operative methods were a resection in 29 cases and a nonresection in 67 cases. The incidence of residual stones were 31.0% in the hepatic resection group and 68.6% in the nonresection group. The postoperative complication rate was 20.6% in hepatic resection group and 38.8% in the nonresection group, and the follow-p study showed the good results (Good & Fair) for 92.5% of the hepatic resection group and 66.7% of the nonresection group. CONCLUSION: The hepatic resection with or without drainage is an adequate treatment for hepatolithiasis. It can eradicate localized intrahepatic calculi, irreversible biliary stricture, an atrophied segment, and, possibly, an associated cholangiocarcinoma, with good results in clinical evaluation.
Calculi ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Choledochostomy ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence

PURPOSE:Carotid endarterectomy may benefit patients with bilateral carotid stenosis by improving cerebrovascular hemodynamics of ipsilateral as well as contralateral cerebral hemispheres. We investigated cerebrovascular hemodynamics after carotid endarterectomy in patients with contralateral carotid occlusion by acetazolamide stress brain SPECT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 14 symptomatic patients (all men, mean age 66 yrs) with carotid stenosis (> 50%) with contralateral carotid occlusion. Acetazolamide stress Tc-99m ECD brain SPECTs were performed within 2 weeks before and after carotid endarterectomy using one day protocol. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) were assessed visually. In 12 patients, correlation between the patency of proximal anterior cerebral or anterior communicating arteries (A1/A-comm) and the improvement of CBF or CVR after endarterectomy was assessed. RESULTS: Preoperative SPECT showed reduced CBF in 2 ipsilateral and 10 contralateral hemispheres. CVR was reduced in 4 ipsilateral and 9 contralateral hemispheres. Of 12 hemispheres with reduced CBF, 2 hemispheres (16.7%) showed improvement of CBF after endarterectomy. However, reduced CVR was improved in all 4 ipsilateral and 7 of 9 (78%) of contralateral hemispheres after endarterectomy. Three of 4 with stenotic A1/A-comm and 4 of 8 with patent A1/A-comm had reduced contralateral CVR. Reduced contralateral CVR improved in all 3 patients with stenotic A1/A-comm and 3 of 4 with patent A1/A-comm. CONCLUSION: Acetazolamide stress brain SPECT demonstrated improvement of compromised cerebrovascular reserve in not only ipsilateral but also contralateral hemispheres of patients with contralateral carotid occlusion after carotid endarterectomy, and may, therefore, be useful for evaluating cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reserve after carotid endarterectomy.
Acetazolamide* ; Arteries ; Brain Ischemia ; Brain* ; Carotid Stenosis* ; Cerebrum ; Endarterectomy ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the etiology of acute pharygotonsillitis in pediatric patients. METHODS: Pharyngeal swabs from patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis were evaluated for viruses and bacterial organisms from March 2010 through March 2011. RESULTS: Of 615 patients, potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated in 40 (6.5%), viruses were isolated in 310 (50.4%), and no pathogens were isolated in 267 patients (43.4%). Both viral and bacterial pathogens were found in 2 (0.3%). Of 40 patients with bacterial pathogens, group A streptococci were found in 31 (77.5%). Among 310 patients with virus infection, adenovirus was the most frequently recovered (203 patients; 65.5%), followed by rhinovirus (65 patients; 21.0%), enterovirus (43 patients; 13.9%) and coronavirus (18 patients; 5.8%). There were 25 patients who had been coinfected with 2 viruses. In viral pharyngotonsillitis, cough, rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis and diarrhea were prominent. On the other hand, pharyngeal injection and pharyngeal petechiae were prominent in bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. CONCLUSIONS: Virus infection was a big part of acute pharyngotonsillitis and there were differences in clinical manifestations among viral and bacterial infections. Therefore, we need to distinguish between virus infection and bacterial infection using clinical signs for preventing the abuse of antibiotics.
Adenoviridae Infections ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria* ; Bacterial Infections ; Child* ; Conjunctivitis ; Coronavirus ; Cough ; Diarrhea ; Enterovirus ; Hand ; Humans ; Purpura ; Rhinovirus