Sustainable rates of sebum excretion(SRSE) was measured in seven women who had normal regular periods, none were taking oral contraceptives with no significant signs of acne or hirsutism, with assays for testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and progesterone during menstrual cycle. The SRSE in omen during the follicular phase wa lower in the luteal phase (p <0.01)than in the men (p <0.01). However during the luteal phase the SRSE in the women was increased similar to the SESE in the men. We investigated the above horrnoies in relationship to the SRSE during the women's menstrua] cycle. During the follicular phase the hormone which was the most determining factor affected the SRSl was total testerone, while dihydrotestosterone was the most determining factor of the horrnone affecting the SRSE during the ovulation and luteal phase.
Acne Vulgaris ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Female ; Follicular Phase ; Hirsutism ; Humans ; Luteal Phase ; Male ; Menstrual Cycle* ; Ovulation ; Progesterone ; Sebum* ; Testosterone

We observe changes of activation of hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450, changes of formation of riug-and N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene, and changes of vitamin D, in the liver which exposed to UV light and expoeed to UV light after being applied by sunscreens. The results of our study are as shown below: 1. The contents of hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-45p of newborn rats were found to be remarkably increase in the group exposed to UV light for 3 weeks (p<0. 001), but such changes were much reduced in the group exposed to UV light for 3 weeks after being applied by sunscreens(p<0.05. p<0.001, ) 2.Cytochrome p-450 induced by UV light was found to be significantly increased ring and N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylarninofluorene known as carcinogenic source for the liver. In the group exposed to UV light for 3 weeks after being applied by sunscreens, both of ring-and N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene were significantly reduced(p<0. 0, p<0. 001). 3, The contents of vitarnin D, in the liver of newborn rats were found to be gradually increased when they were exposed to UV light for 1 week or 3 weeks (p<0. 001), and in the group exposed to UV light after being applied by sunscreens, such changes were reduced remarkably(pg0. (301).
2-Acetylaminofluorene ; Animals ; Cholecalciferol ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; Cytochromes* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Liver ; Rats* ; Sunscreening Agents* ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*

A 17-year-old high School boy showed multiple, various sized, grayish or violaceous scaly verrucous plaques on the entire body including the oral mucosa, both soles and palms. We considered this is the first case that involves entire body including the oral mucosa, both soles and palms in dermatologic literatures. We reported this case and reviewed briefly literature
Adolescent ; Humans ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichens* ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa

Porokeratosis is a familial, chronic, progressive disorder which demonstrates a characteristic clinical and histologic picture. Since Mibelli described three cases in 1893, several clinical variants have been identified, all of which are delineated by a diagnostic histopathologic pattern. We reported a case of atypical linear porokeratosis that had three types of skin lesions. One was the plaque type, as originally described by Mibelli. And others were atypical lesions, as papules and verrucoid hyperkeratotic plaques.
Porokeratosis ; Skin

Hepatitis B virus is of growing clinical importance. This virus not only produces acute and chronic liver disease but also produces a variety of dermatologic syndromes. A 77-year-old man with erythematous urticarial-like papulonodules had a chronic active hepatitis. And microscopic findings were compatible with allergic vasculitis. We reported a case of allergic vasculitis associated with chronic active hepatitis and reviewed literatures briefly.
Aged ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Vasculitis*

Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PV-IVH)is one of the most important neurologic lesion of the low birth weight infants. Serial neurosonographic exeaminations were performed in 113 low birth weight infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Presbyterian Medical Center from November 1, 1990to July 31, 1991. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The incidence of PV-IVH in the study was 54% 2) According to Papile's grading system of PV-IVH, grade I was 32.8%, grade II was 45.9%, grade IIIwas 11.5% and grade IV was 9.8%. 3) The onset of PV-IVH was within the first 7 days of life in 82%. 4) Poor activity, apnea, bradycardia and hypotension were statistically significant clinical findings associated with PV-IVH(P<0.05). 5) The risk factors associated with PV-IVH were gestational age, birth weight, hyaling membrane disease, patent ductus arteriosus and artifical ventilation. 6) The mortality of PV-IVH was 0% for grade I, 10.7% for grade II,42.9% for grade III and 83.3% for gradeIV.
Apnea ; Birth Weight ; Bradycardia ; Diagnosis* ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Protestantism ; Risk Factors ; Ventilation

The purpose of this study were to assess iron status and obesity in 82 middle aged women living in Kangnung area. Anthropometric measurements were taken for body weight, height, percentage of body fat and circumferences of waist and hip. Venous blood samples were drawn from subjects for measurement of hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(Fe), total iron binding capacity(TIBC), transferrin saturation(TS) and serum ferritin. Dietary intakes of iron(heme iron and nonheme iron), the amounts of MPF(meat, poultry and fish) and ascorbic acid were assessed by modified 24-hr recall method. The results obtained are summarized as follows : Postmenopausal women had more body fat than premenopausal women. That is, postmenopausal women tend to be obeser than premenopausal women. There was no difference in Hb, Hct, Fe, TIBC and TS between pre- and postmenopausal women. But the serum ferritin concentration of postmenopausal women(83.7+/-2.1ng/ml) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than premenopausal women(56.4+/-1.0ng/ml). Prevalences of iron deficiency (20%, 20.0% and 17.1% respectively) of postmenopausal women. The mean daily intakes of total iron in pre- and postmenopausal women were 17.5+/-.3mg and 15.6+/-.9mg, respectively. Bioavailabilities of dietary iron were 6.5% and 4.5% in pre- and post-groups. These results indicate that individual dietary guidelines should be used to educate middle-aged women different in status of menopause. For example, premenopausal women should increase nutritional iron status and postmenopausal women should try to prevent obesity.
Adipose Tissue ; Ascorbic Acid ; Biological Availability ; Body Weight ; Female ; Ferritins ; Hip ; Humans ; Iron* ; Iron, Dietary ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Policy ; Obesity ; Postmenopause* ; Poultry ; Prevalence ; Transferrin

This study was designed to assess the iron nutritional status of girls at puberty in Kangnung area. The subjects consisted of 161 adolescents in sixth-grade in primary school and first-grade in middle school girls. Anthropometric measurements were taken for body weight, height, percentage of body fat, and circumferences of waist and hip. Nutrient intakes were assessed by modified 24-hour recall method. Food models and other measuring tools were also used. Fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for hemoglobin(Hb) concentration, hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(FE) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC). Mean values for Hb, Hct, Fe, TIBC, TS and serum ferritin were 13.6+/-0.9g/dl, 39.6+/-3.9%, 91.3+/-36.3 microgram/dl, 327.9+/-45.2 microgram/dl, 28.3+/-11.8% and 37.4+/-24.2ng/ml, respectively. Prevalence of iron deficiency greatly varied by indices from 4.8% when judged by Hb to 18.4% by serum Fe concentration. The Hb concentration was positively correlated with Hct(r=0.641), serum iron(r=0.266) and transferrin saturation(r=0.237)(p<0.05). On the other hand, serum ferritin concentration showed significantly negative correlation with TIBC(r=-0.572). Mean daily intake of iron was 14.94mg and heme iron intake was 1.13mg and which was 7.6% of total iron intake. Total absorbable iron calculated by the method of Mosen was 1.38mg and bioavailability of diectary iron was 9.3%. These results suggest that the prevalence of iron deficiency of pubertal girls is very high, therefore the guidelines for diet and social supports, such as, school food service system should be provided to improve their iron status in middle school students.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Biological Availability ; Body Weight ; Diet ; Fasting ; Female* ; Ferritins ; Food Services ; Hand ; Hematocrit ; Heme ; Hip ; Humans ; Iron* ; Nutritional Status* ; Prevalence ; Puberty* ; Transferrin

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the predictive value of aspects of the Transtheoretical model (TTM) of behavior change as applied to smoking cessation in a rural population. METHOD: A convenience sample was recruited from a public health center in a community. A total of 484 participants were recruited, including 319 smokers, 116 ex-smokers and 49 non-smokers. A cross-sectional and descriptive design was used in this study. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency statistics, ANOVA and Logistic regression. RESULT: The major findings were 1) The participants were assessed at baseline for their current Stage of Change resulting in a distribution with 42.1% in Precontemplation, 24.1% in Contemplation, 9.7% in Preparation, 6.2% in Active, and 17.9% in the Maintenance stage. 2) There were statistically significant differences of processes of change, decisional balance and situational temptation across the stages of change. 3) The main factors that affect smoking cessation were age, number of years smoking, age when began smoking, self-liberation and negative/affective situations, which combined explained 33.2% of the smoking cessation. CONCLUSION: TTM variables measured prior to a smoking cessation program added little predictive value for cessation outcome beyond that explained by demographic and smoking history variables.
Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology/rehabilitation ; Smoking Cessation/*psychology ; Rural Population ; *Models, Psychological ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Korea ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Adult

It has been thought for many years that gastric adenocarcinoma almost never crosses the pylorus. Although this theory was generally accepted, several studies have refuted it. We report three cases of gastric adenocarcinoma direct spreading into the duodenum that was diagnosed by endoscopic duodenal biopsy and review the literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Duodenum* ; Endoscopy ; Pylorus