Wallerian degeneration is well known as the anterograde degeneration of axon and their accompanying myelin sheath from injury to the proximal portion of the axon or its cell body. The most common cause of wallerian degeneration is cerebral infarction. Authors experienced three patients with old hemispheric infarct with typical wallerian degeneration in the brain stem, which was demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two cases and CT in one case. This report demonstrates the wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract on the MRI and CT with the brief review of the literatures.
Axons ; Brain Stem ; Brain* ; Cell Body ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelin Sheath ; Pyramidal Tracts ; Wallerian Degeneration*

No abstract available.
Lithium Chloride* ; Lithium*

The CT findings of the acute cerebral infarction are well known. However the CT findings of early stroke within 24 hours of the onset have not been sufficiently reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate early acute cerebral infarction on CT within 24 hours after ictus. The early and accurate CT diagnosis could lead to the appropriate therapy and improved outcome of the patients. Authors retrospectively analyzed 16 patients with early acute cerebral infarction. Acute cerebral infarction was confirmed by follow-up CT in 11 patients, SPECT in 4 patients, and MRI in 1 patient. The CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction include effacement of cortical sulci or cistern (n=16, 100%), hyperattenuation of MCA (n=3), obscuration of lentiform nucleus (n=6), loss of insular ribbon (n=6) and subtle low density in hemisphere (n=5). The most frequent findings was effacement of cortical sulci in our study, and it was though to be the most important sign of early acute cerebral infarction.
Cerebral Infarction* ; Corpus Striatum ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

This is case report of true class III malocclusion with macroglossia is corrected by glossectomy in 13 years female patient. After orthodontic treatment, the patient is bound to glossectomy because the corrected condition is relapsed to the previous condition due to relatively enlarged tongue compared with the original dental arch. By the interpretation of the cephalogram and model analysis, it is approved that the growth pattern and direction are normal range and mandible is located anterioly to the cranium. The results are follows: 1. We could treat the true Cl III malocclusion. 2. We could prevent the relapse of the treated condition by the surgical intervention, such as partial glossectomy. 3. Sensory, speech, swallowing and so other functions after the operation have been with in normal limit without any serious complications or seguellae.
Deglutition ; Dental Arch ; Female ; Glossectomy ; Humans ; Macroglossia* ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Skull ; Tongue

PURPOSE: In order to know the effects of inaccurate laser shot of vertical or horizontal direction, we evaluated the clinical results of LASIK according to the use of fixation ring and the accuracy of the focusing beam on the corneal stromal bed. METHODS: LASIK was performed in 73 eyes with one surgeon between April, 2001 and January, 2002 were divided into two groups: those who exceeded -6.00D were high myopia group (37 eyes), and those who did not were low myopia group (36 eyes). We retrospectively analyzed the results of the LASIK in two methods, the one is the evaluation of the vertical directional error with the accuracy of the focusing beam and the other is the horizontal error with the use of fixation ring. We measured the preoperative and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and the postoperative predictability. RESULTS: There was no significant statistical difference in the spherical equivalent, uncorrected visual acuity, postoperative predictability between the use and nonuse of fixation ring and good and bad accuracy of focusing beam in high myopia and low myopia (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a little difference in the accuracy of focusing beam on the corneal stromal bed and the use of fixation ring would not affect the clinical result after LASIK.
Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Morinda ; Myopia ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report four cases in which temporary complication developed after using Gentian Violet as a marker in LASIK procedure. METHODS: Four cases who had undergone LASIK using Gentian Violet (Viscot Surgical Marker, U.S.A.) as a marker were followed. During follow up, corneal edema and opacity developed in landmark area which appeared as a hot spot in topography. Topical Corticosteroids and antibiotics applied for 3 weeks. RESULTS: At 3 month after LASIK, the corneal opacity and edema were disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Temporary complication may develop by gentian violet following LASIK procedure. When using highly concentrated gentian violet marking pen, great attention should be paid not to make any corneal erosion.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Corneal Edema ; Corneal Opacity ; Edema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gentian Violet* ; Gentiana* ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ*

Authors presented the clinical review and evaluated the therapeutic response to 20 eyes of filamentary keratitis observed at the Department of Ophthalmology, St. Mary's Hospital for last 3 years. 1. The filaments disappeared within 2 days in 11 eyes by mechanical debriment with 0.5% C-M eyedrops, tear substitutes and prednisolone eye drops. 2. 4 of 20 eyes showed disappearance of the filaments within 3 days by the subconjunctival tathion injection combined with instillation of tathion eye drops. 3. For one eye which was resistant to the above therapy treated with continuous wearing of the B and L soft contact lens. In this case the filaments reduced in number from one day and completely disappeared after 6 days' wearing of soft contact lens. Patient discontinued the wearing of soft contact lens one week after. No epithelial filaments have appeared after discontinuance in wearing of the soft contact lens one week later.
Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Humans ; Keratitis* ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Ophthalmology ; Prednisolone

Primary malignant melanornn of the vagina is rare, with only about 130 reported cases worldwide. They presumably arise from melanocytes that are present in the vagina in 3% of normal wornen. Vaginal melanoma accounts for less than 1% of melanomas and less than 3% of primary malignant tumors of the vagina. Most of patients complain vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, foreign body sensation in order. The best treatment of vaginal melanoma rernains eni.gmatic, Many authors indicate that radical surgery may be the pcferred approach and the number of reported cases treated with radical surgery is increasing. But other author comment that no significant change in survival is apparent with radical surgery. Overall prognosis is poor as most patients have deeply penetrating lesions at the time of diagnosis. Recently, not only the effort to increase the survival rate but the quality of life including sexual function after treatment is becoming an important issue about treatment ot cancer patients. We experienced a case of primary malignant melanoma of the vagina treated with radical surgery and restored the sexual function by vulvovaginal reconstruction using gracilis myocutaneous flap. So we report this case with brief literature review.
Diagnosis ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma* ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Sensation ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Vagina* ; Vaginal Discharge

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of MR characteristics of cystic acoustic neurinomas and to correlate with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the MR findings of 12 patients with cystic acoustic neurinomas. The signal intensity and enhancement pattern of the cystic components as well as the location relative to the tumors were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 30 cysts were found in 15 acoustic neurinomas;28 were intratumoral cysts and the remaining two were extratumoral cysts. The signal intensity of all 28 intratumoral cysts was higher than that of CSF on Tl-weighted images, and isointense to CSF on T2-weighted images, while the signal intensity of the two extratumoral cysts was same as CSF on both Tl-weighted and T2-weighted images. Rim enhancement was seen in 27 of 28 intratumoral cysts but in none of the two extratumoral cysts. CONCLUSION: We concluded that intratumoral cyst was due to tumoral necrosis, hemorrhage or degenerative change and extratumoral cyst due to secondary arachnoid cyst formation.
Acoustics* ; Arachnoid ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To describe normal postoperative MR findings and MR findings of postoperative discitis in patients who underwent operation due to herniated intervertebral disc. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed normal postoperative MR findings and MR findings of discitis in 30 patients(21-61yrs.) (13 cases dignosed as discitis and 17 cases as normal) who previonsly underwent laminectomy and discectomy, or bony fusion. We analyzed signal intensity of end plate and disc, end plate destruction, and enhancement of end plate and disc on T1- and T2-weighted images(WI) of 1.5T MRI. RESULTS: Among 14 out of 17 patients with no evidence of discitis, 7 patients showed high signal of the posterior portion of disc on T1- and T2-WI and 11 patients revealed enhancement at the same sites. In all 13 patients suspected of having discitis, end plate and disc showed low signal on T1-WI, high signal on T2-WI, heterogeneous enhancement, and irregular destruction of end plate. Meanwhile, 3 cases with no evidence of postoperative discitis clinically who underwent bony fusion showed similiar findings to those of the above 13 patients, except for homogeneous enhancement of end plate and vertebral body. CONCLUSION: The MR findings of postoperative discitis were low signal on T1-WI, high signal on T2-WI, and heterogeneous enhancement of and plate and disc, and destruction of end plate.
Discitis* ; Diskectomy ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies