No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Humans

Compensatory hypertrophy of muscle fibers has been known to occur when burden on a skeletal muscle is increased. However, there have not been reports concerning the response of extraocular muscles following a monocular resection and recession of horizontal muscles, which procedure is a common form of strabismus surgery. A large lateral rectus resection and medial rectus recession was performed in each right eye of 28 rats. After the horizontal muscle surgery, both medial and lateral rectus muscles were obtained from both eyes of each rat with an interval of 2 weeks from the initial operation until 8th week after operation. A mid-portion of an extirpated muscles were frozen and prepared for ATPase staining. With a differential preincubation in two buffered solutions, pH 4.6 and pH 10.3 and ATPase staining, muscle fibers were classified into 3 kinds-global singly innervated fiber(GSIF, alkali-stable), global multi-innervated fiber(GMIF, alkali-labile), and orbital surface layer fiber(OSLF). These muscle fibers were measured using micrometer to find out their diameters and compared with the diameter of extraocular muscle fibers of unoperated rats. All kinds of muscle fibers of a resected lateral rectus showed an increase in their diameteris(p<0.05, Wilcoxon rank sum test) but there was no hypertrophy in the recessed medial rectus the yolk muscle of the resected lateral rectus, medial rectus of the fellow eye also showed hypertrophy of GMIF and OSLF. The lateral rectus of the unoperated fellow eye did not reveal muscle fiber hypertrophy. The postoperative hypertrophy of muscle fibers were observed only at the 2nd and 4th postoperative week specimens. the hypertrophied muscles subsequently returned to the baseline fiber diameter.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Animals ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypertrophy* ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Rats* ; Strabismus

No abstract available.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development* ; Female* ; Humans

It is currently necessary to manage chronic ischemic foot gangrene because the rate of hospitalization and operations is increasing as a result of diet change and the growth of an aging population. Chronic ischemic foot gangrene is caused by Buerger`s disease, atherosclerosis and particularly, diabetes. In this study, we used the Wagner ischemic index with Doppler flowmeter and Wagner classification on 62 patients over 8 years from 1991 to 1998 as an index for treatment and prognosis. We measured the systolic pressure to determine the ischemic index, and according to Wagner the blood flow was inadequate in cases of diabetic foot gangrene and nondiabetic foot gangrene when it was below 0.45 and 0.35, respectively. According to the observation of clinical symptoms, we divided the cases by Wagner classification. Based on the above data, we performed conservative treatment, skin graft, local flap, superficial sural arterial island flap and amputation. We then followed up the patients and observed the treatment results. We concluded that the Wagner ischemic index with Doppler flowmeter and Wagner classification was useful in determining, selecting, and predicting the rate of survival or death as a result of amputation and graft when a surgical operation is performed.
Aging ; Amputation ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Pressure ; Classification* ; Diabetic Foot ; Diet ; Flowmeters* ; Foot Ulcer* ; Foot* ; Gangrene ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Transplants

Sensory Heterotropia is defined as a secondary deviation following loss or severe reduction in visual function in one eye. We have analyzed the records of 68 patients with sensory heterotropia in order to find the incidence, etiologic causes, the factors influencing the direction of the deviation, and the amount of deviation. The incidence of sensory heterotropia was 1.1% of total out patients, and 10.5% of strabismic patients. The major causative factors of sensory heterotropia was anisometropia(33.8%) followed in frequency by uncorrected aphakia(25.0%), cataract(16.2%), retina and vitreous diseases(16.2%), optic nerve atrophy(8.8%) and corneal opacity(2.9%). Esotropia and exotropia were encountered with almost equal frequency when the onset of visual impairment occured between birth and 5 years of age, but exotropia predominated in older children and adult. Those was statistically significant(p<0.01). The direction of a sensory heterotropia was determined by the refractive error of the sound eye, i.e., if the sound eye was emmetropic or myopic, thd blind eye was predominantly exotropic, and if it is hyperopic, it was predominantly esotropic. Also, duration of visual impairment was related to the amount of deviation in exotropic patients. If the duration was under 5 years, the amounts of deviation was 16.3 prism, and over 5 years, it was 25.5 prism, and difference was statistically significant.
Adult ; Child ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Optic Nerve ; Outpatients ; Parturition ; Refractive Errors ; Retina ; Vision Disorders

Normal kittens showed a gradual increase from 17.6% to 25.5% of BLS with aging from the fifth week to the ninth. Young kittens showed significantly less BLS than do adult ones (p < 0.1), There was significant difference of BLS between exotropic and normal kittens or alternating and non-alternating strabismic ones. However, there was a significant diftrence between esotropic and normal ones (p < 0.1). These results suggested that the BLS can be used as a index for the extent of total field from both eyes.
Aging ; Animals ; Cats ; Esotropia/*physiopathology ; Exotropia/*physiopathology ; Photic Stimulation ; Pupil/*physiopathology ; Strabismus/*physiopathology ; Vision, Binocular

A 3-year-old girl with rapidly progressive proptosis had an unusual malignant germ cell tumor of the orbit identified as an endodermal sinus tumor. The endodermal sinus tumor is a malignant germ cell neoplasm that usually arises in gonads, but on rare ocassion ocurrs in extragonadal locations. Histologic examination revealed pseudo papillary pattern that on occasion created peculiar organoid structure similar to the glomeruli(Shiller-Dubal bodies). The patient was treated with exenteration of left orbit and three drug chemotherapy. The present case is of particular interest because of the rarity of extragonadal endodermal sinus tumor.
Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy ; Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor* ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Germ Cells ; Gonads ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Orbit* ; Organoids

Nomal kittens showed a gradual increase from 17.6% to 25.5% of BLS with aging from the fifth week to the ninth. Young kittens showed significantly less BLS than adult ones(p<0.1). There was no significant difference in BLS between exotropic and nomal kittens or alternating and non-alternating strabismic ones. However, there was a significant difference in BLS between esotropic and nomal ones(p<0.1). These results suggested that the BLS can be used as an index for the extent of total field from both eyes.
Adult ; Aging ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Telescopes*

Retroperitoneal duodenal rupture is rare and is often difficult to diagnose on the plain abdominal x-ray. From a review of the plain abdomen films of 21 cases with retroperitoneal duodenal rupture, confirmed by operation, pneumoretroperitoneum was revealed in 16 cases; Air in the peritoneum was manifested as a bubbly shadow in 12 cases, a renal halo in 9 cases, air shadow along the right psoas margin in 2 cases, air along the diaphragmatic crus in 2 cases and air in the right properitoneal fat in 2 cases, US and CT also revealed air bubbles and fluid collection around the right kidney. We recommend the plain abdomen as a useful diagnostic method for detection of pneumoretroperitoneum.
Abdomen* ; Kidney ; Methods ; Peritoneum ; Retropneumoperitoneum ; Rupture*

The clinical and pathological features of trichoadenoma are presented. Trichoadenoma is very rare, and as far as we know, no report on the trichoadenoma has been published in korea literature. We experienced a case of trichoadenoma occured in a 29 year-old male, who had a 0.9x0.7x0.4cm sized and slowly growing mass in the right buttock. The histopathological findings and histogenesis of trichoadenoma were discussed and a brief review of the literature was made.