Neurofibromas are common benign tumors and can originate from any nerve tissue in the body. A solitary neurofibroma in breast parenchyma has rarely been reported, however. We report a neurofibroma originating from breast parenchyma in a 61-year old woman. On mammography, the mass appeared as a well marginated and circumscribed mass, suggesting a benign tumor, and after excisional biopsy, was pathologically proven to be a neurofibroma.
Biopsy ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Tissue ; Neurofibroma*

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Back Pain*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of verapamil on hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchanges during isoflurane-N2O-O2(FIO2, 50%) anesthesia. Hemodynamic measurements and arterial and mixed venous blood gas analyses were made in thirteen healthy patients immediately before (control) and at 1, 5,10min after 5mg of intravenous verapamil administration as single bolus. 1) Verapamil produced a rapid and transient reduction of 15% in mean arterial pressure resulting from a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. 2) Heart rate and cardiac index increased by 14%, 9% respectively only immediately after i.v. verapamil injection and restored thereafter toward control values. 3) SVI, MPAP, PCWP, PVR and CVP revealed only minor changes. 4) Verapamil did not cause any significant changes in intrapulmonary shunt. These findings suggest that during isoflurane-N2O-O2(50%) anesthesia verapamil might safely be used, even in the presence of ventilation/perfusion inequalities, (i.e. lung disease, one lung anesthesia) provided patient has good cardiovascular reserve.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Isoflurane ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Vascular Resistance ; Verapamil*

OBJECTIVES: We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI), in Korean children. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data collected on 3,639 boys and girls (aged 7-12) in Daegu, Korea. The data included each child's age, sex, weight, height, extracurricular activities, bedtime, wake-up time, sleep latency, total sleep duration, parents' occupations, and parents' educational levels. The relationship between sleep duration and each variable was examined via analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: The analysis showed an association between short sleep duration and high BMI. Boys showed a graded inverse relationship between sleep duration and BMI. However, there was no significant corresponding result for girls. In the total sample, hours of computer use, time when the computer was turned off, time when the television was turned off, mother's bedtime, and hours of extracurricular activity were associated with longer sleep duration. No association was found between sleep duration and hours of watching television, child's wake-up time, or educational level of the parents. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show an inverse relationship between a child's sleep duration and BMI;thus, children with shorter sleep duration tend to have higher BMIs.
Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Occupations ; Television

No abstract available.
Neurocysticercosis*

No abstract available.
Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Urinary Tract*

Pure red cell aplasia(PRCA) is characterized by anemia, absence of reticulocytes in the peripherial blood and selective erythroid hypoplasia in the bone marrow. Acquired PRCA is often associated with thymoma but may also occur in many diverse conditions, such as chromic lymphocytic leukemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune disorders, T gamma lymphocytosis, acquired hypogammaglobulinemia, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recently we experienced a case of T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with pure red cell aplasia. A 65-year-old man was presented with severe anemia. absolute reticulocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphocytosis(T cell marker' CD2, CD7 positive). Bone marrow findings showed a marked decrease in erythroid precursors and normal maturations of granulocytic and megakaryocytic series, which were consistent with pure red cell aplasia. So we report this case with a review of the literature.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Aged ; Anemia ; Bone Marrow ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* ; Leukemia, Lymphoid ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Lymphocytosis ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure* ; Reticulocytes ; Thymoma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fentanyl-TTS in the management of radiotherapy induced acute pain and cancer pain treated with radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study was open labelled prospective phase IV multi-center study. the study population included patients with more 4 numeric rating scale(NRS) score pain although managed with other analgesics or more than 6 NRS score pain without analgesics. Patients divided into two groups; patients with radiotherapy induced pain (Group A) and patients with cancer pain treated with radiotherapy (Group B). All patients received 25 ug/hr of fentanyl transdermal patch. Primary end point was pain relief; second end points were change in patient quality of life, a degree of satisfaction for patients and clinician, side effects. RESULTS: Between March 2005 and June 2005, 312 patients from 26 participating institutes were registered, but 249 patients completed this study. Total number of patients in each group was 185 in Group A, 64 in Group B. Mean age was 60 years and male to female ratio was 76:24. Severe pain NRS score at 2 weeks after the application of fentanyl was decreased from 7.03 to 4.01, p=0.003. There was a significant improvement in insomnia, social functioning, and quality of life. A degree of satisfaction for patients and clinician was very high. The most common reasons of patients' satisfactions was good pain control. Ninety six patients reported side effect. Nausea was the most common side effect. There was no serious side effect. CONCLUSION: Fentanyl-TTS was effective in both relieving pain with good tolerability and improving the quality of life for patients with radiotherapy induced acute pain and cancer pain treated with radiotherapy. The satisfaction of the patients and doctors was good. There was no major side effect.
Academies and Institutes ; Acute Pain ; Analgesics ; Female ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Male ; Nausea ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Radiotherapy* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Transdermal Patch*