A microbiological extract of pollen, Cernilton was administered orally in dose of four tablets daily for 14 to 36 days in 25 cases of chronic prostatitis and following results were obtained. 1) Of the cases, 13 cases' (72%) Were improved and 7 cases(28%) were. not improved.. 2) No deleterious side effect were observed.
Pollen ; Prostatitis* ; Tablets

A microbiological extract of pollen, Cernilton was administered orally in dose of four tablets daily for 14 to 36 days in 25 cases of chronic prostatitis and following results were obtained. 1) Of the cases, 13 cases' (72%) Were improved and 7 cases(28%) were. not improved.. 2) No deleterious side effect were observed.
Pollen ; Prostatitis* ; Tablets

A clinical study was made on female out-patients with hematuria who had visited in the Department of Urology, Kyung Hee hospital during the period from January, l973 to June, l974. Results were as follows: 1. During the period, 466 females visited and 92 patients had hematuria, giving a rate of 19.7 %. Among 92 patients, 25 patients had gross hematuria and 67 patients had microscopic hematuria. 2. Age distribution showed that 38 cases(41.5%) were 20~29 years and 23 cases(25.O%) were 30~39 years. 3. Main symptoms accompanied with hematuria were frequency, tenesmus, painful urination and suprapubic pain in order of frequency. 4. Among the 92 cases showed the highest in urethritis and urethrotrigonitis(35.9%), acute cystitis(33.7%), ureter stone(14.1%), urethral stricture(9.8%), and renal tuberculosis(9.8%), in decreasing order. Most of female hematuria caused by inflammatory lesions of the lower urinary tract.
Age Distribution ; Female* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Ureter ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract ; Urination ; Urology

A clinical study was made on female out-patients with hematuria who had visited in the Department of Urology, Kyung Hee hospital during the period from January, l973 to June, l974. Results were as follows: 1. During the period, 466 females visited and 92 patients had hematuria, giving a rate of 19.7 %. Among 92 patients, 25 patients had gross hematuria and 67 patients had microscopic hematuria. 2. Age distribution showed that 38 cases(41.5%) were 20~29 years and 23 cases(25.O%) were 30~39 years. 3. Main symptoms accompanied with hematuria were frequency, tenesmus, painful urination and suprapubic pain in order of frequency. 4. Among the 92 cases showed the highest in urethritis and urethrotrigonitis(35.9%), acute cystitis(33.7%), ureter stone(14.1%), urethral stricture(9.8%), and renal tuberculosis(9.8%), in decreasing order. Most of female hematuria caused by inflammatory lesions of the lower urinary tract.
Age Distribution ; Female* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Ureter ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract ; Urination ; Urology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to detect viral coproantigens in children who were hospitalized with acute diarrhea and to compare its association with clinical symptoms. METHODS: Seventy-four stool samples were collected from children admitted to Ewha Mokdong Hospital from March 1996 to December 1999. The samples were frozen and analyzed for rotavirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with monoclonal antibody. 53 stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea (diarrheal group) and 21 stool samples from patients hospitalized for reasons other than diarrhea (control group). Clinical features and laboratory findings were reviewed in both groups. RESULTS: Among 74 stool samples, virus antigens were detected in 60 samples. Of the 60 virus-positive stool samples, 47 enterovirus, 26 rotavirus, 16 adenovirus, 11 astrovirus, and 11 calicivirus antigens were detected by EIA. Of the 60 virus-positive stool samples, 28 samples have one viral antigen, 30 samples have 2 or more viral antigens, and 2 samples showed a simultaneous infection of Salmonella group B and enterovirus. There was no relationship between the detected virus and clinical features. CONCLUSION: In this study, viral coproantigen and clinical symptoms were not associated. In the future, further larger scale studies are necessary.
Adenoviridae ; Antigens, Viral* ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Diarrhea ; Enterovirus ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Rotavirus ; Salmonella

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of change in oxygen saturation, vital signs and suction time taken for the suctioning during endotracheal suctioning performed with closed suction system and with opened suction system. METHODS: Data were collected from 31 adult patients with ventilator treatment who were admitted to a university hospital in Seoul and the collection period was from July 1 to November 15, 2005. Oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiration rate and mean arterial pressure were collected immediately prior to the suctioning intervention, during and 1 and 5 minutes after the suctioning from opened suction system and closed suction system. RESULTS: 1) The difference in oxygen saturation was statistically significant in recovery time for oxygen saturation to return to baseline values after suctioning was significantly rapid on closed suction system (p < .05). 2) The difference in heart rate, respiration rate and mean arterial pressure was statistically insignificant. 3) The suction time was shorter in closed suction system. CONCLUSION: Closed suction system is more efficient, as compared with the open suction system in the ventilator treatment.
Adult ; Arterial Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Rate ; Suction ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes of adolescents toward suicide. METHODS: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty middle and high school students classified 37 selected statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the Quanl PC Program. RESULTS: Three types of attitudes toward suicide were identified. The first type (opposing suicide-moral minded) showed an attitude of opposing suicide and thinking that suicide is a sin. The second type (understanding-empathizing suicidal person) showed an attitude of understanding the situation of the adolescents who has suicidal ideation and empathizing with them. The third type (ambivalent attitude) showed an attitude of understanding the suicidal person but, at the same time, opposing suicide. CONCLUSION: Results of the study indicate that different approaches to suicide prevention programs should be developed based on the three types of suicide attitudes among adolescents.
Adolescent ; *Attitude to Death ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Mental Health ; *Q-Sort ; Questionnaires ; Suicide/*prevention & control/psychology

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify job experiences of male hospital nurses. METHODS: Data were collected from 20 male nurses working at general hospitals, through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim. Using content analysis, data were coded and categorized. RESULTS: The analyzed domains were motivations for choosing nursing, occupational experiences (3 subdomains), and attitudes toward the future. A total of 85 significant statements were selected from the data and classified into 32 categories. The nurses' motivations for choosing nursing were advantages of employment, their aptitude, scarcity value of men, professionalism and job security, good promotion, stable income, and family influence. In occupational experiences, they were assigned to special fields and dissatisfied with vertical relationship, promotion system, their salary, and gaps in military service time; they had difficulties in adapting to female-dominated groups and encountered gender role stereotype and preconception; they were satisfied with their distinguished performance, but had damaged self-esteem, and were stressed and disappointed in their work. In their attitudes toward the future, they considered their career changes, but tried to make professional and personal advancement. CONCLUSION: These findings have implications for recruiting and retaining male nurses in clinical settings.
Aptitude ; Employment ; Gender Identity ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Motivation ; Nurses, Male ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Statistics as Topic

Korea has recorded a very low total fertility rate of 1.15 in 2009. Young Koreans tend to postpone their marriage, and as a result of late marriage, the average age of first pregnancy has been continuously increasing. Older married couples often produced multifetal pregnancies due to assisted reproduction. Elderly pregnancies and multifetal pregnancies contribute to high maternal/perinatal mortalities and morbidities. Basic maternal and child health services including prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care are covered under national health insurance in Korea. However, preconception care is not covered under national health insurance nor any other preventive service program. Many developed countries including United States and academic societies have emphasized the importance of preconception care and have proposed guidelines on preconception care. No suggested guidelines for preconception care have been developed in Korea. Evidence-based guidelines on preconception care should be developed with the cooperation of associated academic societies. In addition, the Korean government should develop a comprehensive plan for preventive services for women including preconception care.
Aged ; Birth Rate ; Child ; Child Health Services ; Child Health ; Developed Countries ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Marriage ; Maternal-Child Health Services ; National Health Programs ; Population Characteristics ; Postnatal Care ; Preconception Care ; Pregnancy ; Preventive Health Services ; Reproduction ; United States