No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Platelet Activation*

The method of cryogenic brain edema has been used popularly for the study of experimental brain edema which is similar to vasogenic brain edema due to traumatic brain damage. After experimental cryogenic cerebral injury, severe focal brain contusion will be developed due to BBB breakdown and vasogenic cerebral edema formation. This study has been conducted to find out the index of other studies of brain edema by watching the time courses of cryogenic brain edema in rats. Forty five rats of either sex weighing 277+/-5 g(mean+/-SD) were freely drunken and fed till just before operation. Anesthesia was induced in a plastic box with 5% halothane in oxygen and then 1mg/kg of 0.5% urethane was injected into the peritonial cavity. The skull was exposed by a midline incision after infiltration of 2% lidocaine(total dose, <10 mg) and skull was reflected bilaterally. A funnel, an attached side of which was 5 mm in diameter, was attached on the left temporo-parietal area with epoxy glue. All rats were randomly selected into one of the two groups; Edema Group(40 rats) for the evaluation of brain edema and Barrier Group(5 rats) for the evaluation of integrity of BBB. Edema group was subdivided into 8 subgroup(5 rats in each group) according to the decapitation time in control, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min. In edema group, cryogenic brain injury was made by pouring liquid nitrogen into the funnel for 60 seconds and then the brain was quickly removed at 0, 15, 30, 45, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after liquid nitrogen exposure. The cerebellum and brain stem caudal to the colliculi were discarded, and the cerebral hemisphere was separated. According to dry-weight method, the water contents of each hemisphere were measured. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA test. In barrier group, the method of cryogenic brain injury was same as edema group and 0.5 ml of 3% Evans Blue was injected via right femoral vein just before exposure of liquid nitrogen. At 60 minutes after the cryogenic brain injury, the perfusion fixation was done and the brain was quickly removed and stored in the 10% formalin solution. The water contents of each hemisphere were proved to be similar with those of previous studies even through the conditions of dry-weight method were different. In this study, the amount of brain edema was increased till 90 minute after cryogenic brain injury and then decreased as time went by. From these results, the method of experimental brain edema after cryogenic brain injury is a good guidance of BBB breakdown and vasogenic brain edema study.
Adhesives ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Brain Edema* ; Brain Injuries* ; Brain Stem ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Cerebrum ; Decapitation ; Edema ; Evans Blue ; Femoral Vein ; Formaldehyde ; Halothane ; Nitrogen ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Plastics ; Rats* ; Skull ; Urethane

Gastric metastasis occurs in about 0.7% to 1.7%, of patients dying of solid tumors of extragastrointestinal origin. Metastatic disease involving the stomach is an unusual and difficult clinical problem and presenting symptoms include nonspecific epigastric pain and melena. In most cases of gastric metastasis, the histologic finding of the gastroscopic biopsy suggests the correct diagnosis. There are only a few reports of gastric metastasis from malignant melanoma. We report a case of malignat melanoma of gastric metastasis, which was diagnosed by gastroscopy.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Melena ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Stomach

Gastric metastasis occurs in about 0.7% to 1.7%, of patients dying of solid tumors of extragastrointestinal origin. Metastatic disease involving the stomach is an unusual and difficult clinical problem and presenting symptoms include nonspecific epigastric pain and melena. In most cases of gastric metastasis, the histologic finding of the gastroscopic biopsy suggests the correct diagnosis. There are only a few reports of gastric metastasis from malignant melanoma. We report a case of malignat melanoma of gastric metastasis, which was diagnosed by gastroscopy.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Melena ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Stomach

Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic examination were obtained in 31 patients both immediately and 2 to 5 months(mean3.1+/-1.8) after balloon dilation. Mitral valve area by planimetry immediately after valvuloplasty measured 1.8+/-0.3cm2 and 1.7+/-0.3cm2 at 2-5 months follow-up, but the difference was satistically insignificant. More than 15% decrease of the mitral valve area at follow-up was noticed in 10 patients(32%), but the valve area at follow-up was >1.5cm2 in all patients. Left atrial size(antero-posterior diameter) and volume by 2-dimensional echocardiography decreased more remarkably from 4.4+/-0.7cm, 82+/-42cm3 immediatly after vavuloplasty to 4.2+/-0.7cm, 68+/-26cm2 at follow-up respectively but there was no statistical significance. Mitral regurgitation graded by pulsed Doppler ultrasound decreased from 1.6+/-0.7 immediatly after valvuloplasty to 1.3+/-0.5(p<0.09) at follow-up, but there was no significant change in peak E velocity, EF slope, fractional shortening and ejection fraction. Symptomatic improvement at follow-up occured in all but one patient. Thus, 2 to 5 months after balloon mitral valvuloplasty there was no significantly after valvuloplasty decreased slightly at follow-up.
Echocardiography* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve* ; Ultrasonography

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The use of permanent magnetics is increasing in implant dentistry. PURPOSE: This study is to know the effect of permanent magnetics on bone matrix formation of osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The konus abutment-shaped permanent magnetics were connected to the implant fixture, and placed on the culture plate. The osteoblast-like cell: Mc3T3-E1 were used for cell culture. As the control group, the implants were connected to titanium healing caps, and cultured in the same conditions of experimental group. After 3, 7, 14 days, cells were cultured, and we measured and compared the amount of collagen type I, osteocalcin, which is bone matrix protein by Western immunoblotting analysis. RESULTS: As a result of Western immunoblotting analysis for estimating the amount of bone extracellular matrix, there was no difference between osteoblast of the experimental group and the control group during 3 and 7day-osteoblast culturing. However when cells were cultured for 14days, the amount of bone extracellular matrix was increased, on the experimental group. CONCLUSION: From these results, magnetic field of permanent magnetics might have effect on bone formation of osteoblast, especially at initial stage of implant placement. Therefore, their clinical application for implant or bone graft could be possible.
Blotting, Western ; Bone Matrix ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Collagen Type I ; Dental Implants* ; Dentistry ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Magnetic Fields ; Osteoblasts ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis ; Titanium ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find the effect of rare earth magnet's magnetic field of to the osteoblast around the implant by the means of observation number, and distribution around the implant which is connected to the permanent magnet but not, counted and compared by the number of cells attached to the surface of the implant. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The permanent magnets, made in the healing cap form, were connected to the implant fixture, and placed on the culture plate, The osteoblast-like cell: MC3T3-E1 were used for cell culture. As the control group, the implant were connected to normal healing cap, and cultured in the same conditions. 48 hours later, using inverted microscope, the number and distribution of osteoblast around the implant were observed, and 72 hours later, the number of the cells attached to the implant were counted. RESULTS: As a result, the implant connected to the permanent magnet had proved to have a more concentrated cell distribution rate than the control group. The implant connected to the permanent magnet, neck area: which has about 10 gauss magnetic force, had more cells than apex area. The implant connected to the permanent magnet had proven to attach to the osteoblast more productively than control group's implant. CONCLUSIONS: This research showed that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet affected the distribution and growth rate of the osteoblast around the implant. In order to support this study, it also had need to monitor the progress of the permanent magnet specifically shown on the neck area, which has10 gauss magnetic force. So after additional research on the distribution and attachment of the cells, and further more, on bone formation, it will be concluded that the clinical applications, such as immediate loading of implant treatment are possible.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Dental Implants* ; Magnetic Fields ; Neck ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis

BACKGROUND: It has been known that alveolar macrophage exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces a lots of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression. The Authors elucidated the effects of iNOS mRNA expression by inhalational anesthetics (isoflurane) on endotoxemic rats and positive pressure ventilation with and without LPS. METHODS: Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats (250 - 270 g) were anesthesized with urethane injected in the peritoneal cavity. Then the expression of iNOS mRNA in the alveolar macrophages of the rats were measured after injection of LPS, 2 hours of isoflurane (0.5 - 2.5%) anesthesia, and 2 hours of positive pressure ventilation. The activities of iNOS in macrophages were measured by analysing iNOS mRNA expression by Northern blot analysis with autoradiography using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RESULTS: The size and patterns of the iNOS mRNA band in the 0.5 - 2% isoflurane group were almost same as with the control group. The size of the iNOS mRNA band in the 2.5% isoflurane group increased more than in the control group. In the continous positive-pressure ventilation with LPS group, the iNOS mRNA band was slightly increased compared to the normal lung and the continous positive-pressure ventilation without LPS group. CONCLUSIONS: Higher concentrations of isoflurane anesthesia may evoke the expression of iNOS mRNA in a septic model. Positive pressure ventilation in sepsis may induce iNOS mRNA production.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Animals ; Autoradiography ; Blotting, Northern ; Isoflurane* ; Lung ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA, Messenger* ; Sepsis ; Urethane

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Conventional mandibular complete denture lacks in support and stability for edentulous patients to use. PURPOSE: To enhance support and stability of mandibular complete denture, 2 implants were inserted on the inter-mental foramina space of edentulous patients. With 2 magnetic attachments on the inner side of the overdenture, we gave immediate loads and evaluated the stability of the implants, the responses of the supporting tissues, and the satisfaction of the patients. MATERIAL & METHODS: 6 edentulous patients (5 male, 1 female) each recieved 2 SLA implants in the inter-mental foramina region and implants were immediately loaded with overdenture with magnet attachments. To evaluate the implants stability and the peri-implant tissues, clinical exams, RFA tests and radiographic exams were preformed at the 1 week, 2wks, 6wks, 12wks, and 24wks. post-surgery. RESULTS: The mean surgery time was 45.7 +/- 7.7 mins., while the denture delivery time was 45.5 +/- 12.6 mins. Only 2 of 14 implants were failed. Survived implants that remained were clincally and radiographically stable. Mean ISQ values were relatively stable, showing 69.71+/-5.55, 69.00+/-9.48, 67.92+/-7.86, 67.92+/-9.58, 70.08+/-7.61, 71.92+/-6.43 at the 1 wk, 2 wks, 6 wks, 12 wks, 24 wks. follow up check. Crestal bone changes were -1.18mm+/-0.68mm, -1.35+/-0.69mm, -1.47+/-0.68 mm at the 6wks, 12wks, 24wks. follow up check. Bleeding on probing(BOP index) was not significant. CONCLUSION: Mandibular ovedentures with 2 magnetic attachments over two interforaminal implants on edentulous patients for immediate function is a recommendable novel treatment for edentulous patients which shows stability on the implants and supporting tissue.
Denture, Complete ; Denture, Overlay* ; Dentures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid* ; Pseudorabies* ; Rats* ; Uterus*