No abstract available.
Electroencephalography* ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations* ; Seizures*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of allergic disease among elementary school students in rural and urban areas. METHODS: In this study, 1,513 elementary students (1,163 in urban areas, 350 in rural areas) were surveyed. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage of allergic symptoms and chi2 test was used to identify differences in the prevalence of allergic symptoms between urban and rural area students. The SAS program was used in the data analysis. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the prevalence of allergic disease according to whether there was a family member with a prior history of allergy symptoms. 48.7% of surveyed students (49.4% in urban, 46.3% in rural) had allergic symptoms. Allergic rhinitis was the most frequent allergic symptom in both urban and rural students. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there is a need to prevent and manage allergies among elementary students. The family history should be considered an important factor when a program for allergy prevention and management is developed. Interventions are needed in both areas, especially for students with allergic rhinitis.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Phenothiazines ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Child Health

Fatal complications including cerebral edema and neurologic collapse occur during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). A 6-week-old female infant with fever, dehydration and drowsy mental status was diagnosed as DKA and neurologically deteriorated during treatment. The cranial computed tomography scan revealed multifocal brain infarctions of the left caudate nucleus, bilateral frontal periventricular white matter, and right parietal cortex. A moderate amount of hemorrhage was also noted in both lateral ventricles. She recovered rapidly with supportive treatment over time. The clinical course and radiologic findings of this patient emphasize the importance of brain infarction as a cause of persistent neurologic loss in children with DKA.
Brain Edema ; Brain Infarction* ; Brain* ; Caudate Nucleus ; Child ; Dehydration ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis* ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Rabeprazole

PURPOSE: To report a case of temporal hemianopsia of a healthy eye occurring in the contralateral silicone oil-filled eye due to migration of silicone oil into the optic chiasm and lateral ventricle. CASE SUMMARY: A 56-year-old man visited our clinic with temporal hemianopsia for 10 days in the left eye. Three months before, the patient had presented with decreased vision and ocular pain in the right eye as well as a headache. The patient underwent vitrectomy at another hospital for the management of retinal detachment occurring in the right eye 8 years earlier. In addition, for recurred retinal detachment, reoperations were performed twice with silicone oil injection. Funduscopy revealed findings such as glaucomatous optic disc and an intraocular pressure of 54 mmHg in the right eye. On visual field examination, the temporal hemianopsia was detected in the left eye. Under the suspicion of cerebral lesions, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was performed. On the right side of the optic chiasm and the suprasellar region, materials were present whose signal intensity was identical to silicone oil in the right vitreal cavity. During a follow-up, the migration of silicone oil into the lateral ventricle and the alteration of its location with the positional change were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In a patient who received silicone oil injection following vitrectomy, the silicone oil migrated to the optic chiasm and induced the occurrence of visual field defect in the contralateral eye. The visual field defect improved because of the migration into the lateral ventricle.
Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Headache ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lateral Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Optic Chiasm ; Retinal Detachment ; Silicone Oils ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Fields ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a health education program to improve knowledge about environmental health and allergy symptoms among elementary school students. METHODS: This study has nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Participants of this study were 60 elementary students (30 experimental and 30 control) who agreed to participate in the study. The education program consisted of information on environmental health and allergies, the atmosphere, indoor environments, food and allergies, and activities with parents. The program was carried out one time (50 minutes) per week during 6 weeks. Knowledge and symptoms of allergies were recorded before and after the program among both groups. The collected data were analyzed by ANCOVA and t-test using SAS program. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in knowledge about allergies in the experimental group compared to the control group, but allergic symptoms were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that environmental health education programs are effective in the area of school health nursing for increasing knowledge about environmental health and allergies. Further research is needed to develop programs for reducing allergic symptoms as an environment health problem among children.
Atmosphere ; Child ; Environmental Health ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Parents ; Phenothiazines ; School Health Services

Acupuncture appears to be a clinically effective treatment for acute and chronic pain. A considerable amount of research has been conducted to evaluate the role that acupuncture plays in pain suppression; however, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the side effects of the acupuncture procedure. This case report describes a suspected postdural puncture headache following acupuncture for lower back pain. Considering the high opening pressure, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and the patient's history of acupuncture in the lower back area, our diagnosis was iatrogenic postdural puncture headache. Full relief of the headache was achieved after administration of an epidural blood patch.
Acupuncture ; Blood Patch, Epidural ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure ; Chronic Pain ; Headache ; Low Back Pain ; Needles ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the role and effects of prolotherapy in patients presenting with lower back pain and detected sacral asymlocation, by retrospectively analyzing the results of prolotherapy performed at our institute. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with referred pain in the lower back rather than distinct radiculopathy, were detected to have sacral asymlocation by simple X-ray from May 2004 through July 2005. The patients were treated with prolotherapy and manipulation by the Ongley's method around the lumbosacral junction, iliolumbar ligament, and sacroiliac joint. They were treated for approximately one to two week intervals, and during this period were rechecked by X-ray and evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: A total of 23 patients were included in the study (10 male and 13 female), and the average age was 41 years. The average VAS at the time of visit was 8.5, the average treatment time was 4.7 days, and the average VAS after treatment was 2.1. CONCLUSIONS: Back pain, and associated leg and buttock pain, originate from several causes. In these case analyses, instability around the lumbosacral area and sacral asymlocation might have been important causes of patient back pain and associated buttock and leg pain. We therefore applied prolotherapy as well as manipulation techniques devised by Ongley to these patients, and obtained good results.
Back Pain* ; Buttocks ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Pain, Referred ; Radiculopathy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacroiliac Joint

BACKGROUND: Because of the long time required for conventional drug susceptibility test (DST) for rifampin and isoniazid, development of rapid DSTs is necessary. Recently, the AdvanSure(TM) MDR-TB GenoBlot Assay kit (LG Life Science, Korea), using reverse hybridization line blot assay, was developed. We compared this kit with Genotype(R) MTBDRplus (HAIN Lifescience, Germany) and conventional DST. METHODS: Of the DNAs preserved after performing DST by using Genotype(R), we selected 144 samples having conventional DST results. The experiments with both the kits were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. For the samples for which discrepant results were obtained, sequencing was performed if the DNA was available. Conventional DST was performed at the Korean Institute of Tuberculosis by using the absolute concentration method. RESULTS: For rifampin, the findings obtained using both the kits were the same with concordance rates of 98.6% (142/144) compared to conventional DST. Of the 2 discrepant findings, one was very major error and the other was major error. For isoniazid, compared to conventional DST, concordance rates of AdvanSure(TM) and Genotype(R) were 95.8%(138/144) and 95.1%(137/144) respectively. Of the 6 discrepant findings between conventional method and Advansure(TM), 5 were very major error and one was major error. All the 7 discrepant findings between conventional method and Genotype(R) were very major error. CONCLUSIONS: The findings obtained using AdvanSure(TM) showed high concordance with those obtained using Genotype(R) and conventional DST. This kit has a higher rate of detection of isoniazid resistance because it includes probes for an additional target (ahpC).
Biological Science Disciplines ; Chimera ; DNA ; Isoniazid ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis

In diabetes mellitus, thickening of basement membrane in capillaries and small vessels is a well-known finding and important in the progression of diabetic microangiopathy. We evaluated whether the plasma levels of type IV collagen and fibronectin, which are important factors of basement membrane, are related with the presence of diabetic microangiopathy. Plasma type IV collagen and fibronectin levels were measured in 40 healthy controls (Mean +/- SD, age; 50.3 +/- 5.5 yr) and 94 diabetic patients (age; 52.4 +/- 13.5 yr) with and without microvascular complications. The mean plasma levels of type IV collagen (5.3 +/- 2.9 ng/ml) and fibronectin (474.4 +/- 119.4 ug/ml) in diabetic patients were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in healthy controls (3.7 +/- 1.3 ng/ml and 319 +/- 50.9 ug/ml). The mean plasma level of type IV collagen in diabetic patients with complications (6.6 +/- 3.7 ng/ml) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in those without complications (4.3 +/- 1.7 ng/ml) and became higher in more complicated patients. Furthermore, the severity of retinopathy and several indicators of nephropathy such as serum BUN, creatinine and proteinuria were closely associated with plasma type IV collagen level and a significant correlation was found between plasma type IV collagen and creatinine clearance (r = -0.31, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in plasma fibronectin concentrations, however, between the diabetic patients with complications and those without complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult ; Aged ; Biological Markers/blood ; Blood Proteins/urine ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Collagen/*blood ; Creatinine/blood ; Diabetic Angiopathies/*blood/diagnosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies/blood/diagnosis ; Diabetic Retinopathy/blood/diagnosis ; Female ; Fibronectins/*blood ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications after gynecological laparoscopic surgery and it appears more frequently after use of inhalation anesthetics than total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Palonosetron was introduced as a new-generation potent antiemetic agent, which may reduce PONV more effectively than previous drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether palonosetron could prevent PONV after gynecological laparoscopic surgery, regardless of the anesthetic technique employed. METHODS: Seventy-three patients scheduled for gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned into 3 groups according to the anesthetic agent employed (group 1: inhalation anesthesia with desflurane, group 2: inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane, group 3: total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil). Palonosetron 0.075 mg was administered intravenously before the induction. Opioids were not used for postoperative pain control. The incidences of nausea, vomiting and side effects were recorded from 2 hr upto 48 hr, postoperatively. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the incidence of PONV, severity of nausea, and the use of rescue antiemetics among the groups, throughout the observation. No differences were observed in the adverse side effects among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Palonosetron decreased the incidence of PONV after gynecological laparoscopic surgery to a similar level, regardless of the anesthetic technique.
Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthesia, Intravenous* ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Antiemetics ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Propofol ; Vomiting