A clinico-pathologic study with an immunohistochemical examination for c-erbB-2 expression in 54 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ and 16 cases of Paget's disease of the breast was performed. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression was observed in 45% (24/54) and 88% (14/16) of ductal carcinoma in situ and Paget's disease, respectively. The overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was significantly correlated with the nuclear grade of tumors and inversely with the status of the estrogen receptor. c-erbB-2 was positive in 4 out of 5 patients with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes and 3 out of 4 patients who died of the disease. Prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma in situ was highly suggested. The expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in Paget's disease was well correlated with coexisting infiltrating or in situ ductal carcinoma. The high positive rate of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma with Paget's disease could be understood with a recent hypothesis that c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is involved in promotion of cell motility and the spread of carcinoma cells.
Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Nephritis, Interstitial*

PURPOSE: This study was done to develop a new nursing intervention, Meridian Massage, and to investigate its effect on weight in infants and mother-infant interaction. METHOD: This study was conducted using a quasi experimental non equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Thirty-one newborn infants from a postpartum Management Center were selected and assigned to two groups, experimental and control. Data were collected from February 1 to September 30, 2004. Infants in the experimental group (16) were given Meridian massage for 15 minutes daily for 6 days and weighed every day at 10 am. Using the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale(1978), mother-infant interaction was determined before the treatment, after 1 week and 1 month after the massage. RESULTS: Infants in the experimental group had a higher average weight than those in the control group and the difference was significant (Z=-2.29, p=.022). For mother-infant interaction, the experimental group had higher scores than the control group, and the difference was significant between both the two groups, and the 3 measurement times. CONCLUSION: The Meridian Massage in this study showed positive weight gain and positive mother-infant interaction. This study shows that meridian massage is an effective nursing intervention in improving infant development.
Child ; Child Development ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Massage* ; Mother-Child Relations* ; Nursing ; Postpartum Period ; Weight Gain ; Child Health

Adult respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is described under various names in the medical literature: post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency, wet lung. DaNang lung and shock lung etc., and the syndrome has been used to describe a serious and often fatal conditions which may develop in any patient subjected to severe trauma, major surgery or critical illness. ARDS is characterized by increasing intrapulmonary shunting, increasing work of breathing and decreasing lung compliance. There is still desagreement about exact nature of ARDS as well as its care and revention. In ARDS, the use of positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP) has been widely debated since its introduction by Ashbaugh and Petty in 1969. Its purpose is to increase the lung volume, especially functional residual capacity at end expiration in order to obtain better alveolar expansion and improved pulmonary gas exchange. This report described two cases of ARDS following trauma, and respiratory care problems were reviewed and discussed.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations in vital sign changes, the severity of pain, signs of complications, and the duration of sandbag management in order to suggest a standardized practice related to sandbag management in children with Nephrotic Syndrome(NS). METHOD: From October 2000 to May 2001, seventy children with NS who underwent kidney biopsy were interviewed at one hospital in Seoul Korea, and participated in this study. RESULT: 1) The average sandbag applying time after kidney biopsy was 18.1 hours. 2) Systolic blood pressure and respiration increased until 15 minutes after kidney biopsy, after then, they decreased significantly (systolic BP, p= .006; respiration, p= .029). However, no significant changes were noted in diastolic blood pressure and pulse. 3) Pain was reported minimal for 1 hour after kidney biopsy. The severity of pain increased until 12 hours after the procedure, then, decreased significantly(p= .0001). 4) Reported complications were hematuria (74.7%) and abnormal sonogram (32.9%). No apparent bleeding on the biopsy region was reported in any children. CONCLUSION: From these findings, it is possible to change the protocols of the duration of absolute bed rest time and sandbag application management shortly after kidney biopsy. But it is needed to study the fit protocols for kidney biopsy. Several implications in nursing practice are suggested. 1) Replicated studies for more participants are needed. 2) Further research on the effect of sandbag application after kidney biopsy is required. 3) The best duration of sandbag application management after kidney biopsy need to be investigated.
Bed Rest ; Biopsy* ; Blood Pressure ; Child* ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Nursing ; Respiration ; Seoul ; Vital Signs* ; Child Health

This is a nonequivalent control group pretest- posttest design in quasi experimental basis to assess how the thermal head and feet support influences on early stage weight gain in premature neonates. The clients were selected among the premature infants with the weight under 2000gms and with the gestational period under 37 weeks, admitted over 15 days in K university hospital, Seoul. The control group of 29 were selected from January 1998 to August 1998, who were without head and feet thermal support, and the experimental group of 30 were selected from September 1998 to May 1999, who were with the two thermal interventions. The results of the study follow, 1.The experimental group with thermal interventions showed more weight gain than the control group without thermal interventions, which was statistically significant between the two groups. 2.The physiological weight loss after birth showed less in the experimental group than in the control group. 3.The recovery of the birth weight after the physiologic weight loss showed no statistical difference between the experimental group and the control group. Consequently, the thermal head and feet supportive nursing intervention could be applied as a nursing intervention program to help the premature neonates' development. With the results above we should like to suggest the following: 1) A continuous application in the practice of our thermal supportive intervention for the premature neonates, a development of the content through evaluation, and a comparision of the results through a long time study. 2) A neccessity of deveopment of various study and cross comparision. 3) A neccessity of multi-angular study on the premature infants' characteristics influencing the thermal therapy and the study of the individual differences of the clients.
Birth Weight ; Body Weight ; Foot* ; Head* ; Humans ; Individuality ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Nursing ; Parturition ; Seoul ; Time and Motion Studies ; Weight Gain* ; Weight Loss ; Child Health

The mechanism of glucose transported (GT) expression on the plasma membranes of hepatoma cells in rats induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) was studied. Cytochalasin B binding to plasma membrane fractions from control and 3'-MeDAB group in the absence of cold cytochalasin B showed 9,825 +/- 925 and 30,165 +/- 625 dpm/mg membrane protein. Scatchard plot analysis showed that the GTs present on the plasma membrane fractions in control and 3'-Me DAB groups were 5.0 and 16.0 pmol/mg membrane protein and their Kd values were 151 and 157 nM, respectively. These results suggest that the numbers of GTs in plasma membrane were increased in the 3'-Me DAB group compared to the control group. In contrast, the amounts of GTs in low density microsomal (LDM) fractions measured by a photoaffinity labeling technique using [3H]-cytochalasin B were 31,207 and 11,702 dpm/mg protein in the control and 3'-Me DAB group, respectively. These results suggest that GTs were translocated from LDM to plasma membranes during carcinogenesis. To confirm these results by an independent method 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was carried out. Gel slice No. 13 corresponding to MW of 45 kDa from plasma membrane fractions showed increased radioactivities in the 3'-Me DAB group compared to the control group. However, LDM fractions of the 3'-Me DAB group showed decreased radioactivities compared to the control group. Western blot analysis using anti-human RBC GT antibody present in the plasma membranes and LDM fractions from control and 3'-Me DAB groups did not show any significant difference, indicating low cross-reactivity between them. These results indicate that increased glucose transport seems to be more likely due to reciprocal redistribution of GTs between plasma membrane and LDM fractions.
Animal ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Membrane/chemistry ; Cytochalasin B/metabolism ; Glucose/*analysis ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*metabolism ; Male ; Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene ; Microsomes, Liver/*chemistry ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/*analysis ; Rats ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

No abstract available.
Acute Disease ; Acute Kidney Injury/complications/*diagnosis/therapy ; Age Factors ; Hepatitis A/complications/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Prothrombin Time ; Serum Albumin/analysis ; Thrombocytopenia/complications

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the differences of results of Older Adult Behavior Checklist (OABCL) in subjects with dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal group. METHODS: The data was composed of 42 patients with MCI, 71 patients with dementia, and 111 randomly collected participants who were recruited for standardization of Korean version of Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment Older Adult Forms. Medical records, results of OABCL, neuropsychological tests, activities of daily living scale, and clinical dementia rating scale of the subjects were retrospectively analyzed to find significant factors in distinguishing the groups. RESULTS: In dementia group, almost of the empirically base problem scales and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-oriented scales showed significantly higher scores than MCI or normal groups. MCI group also showed higher scores in several empirically base problem and DSM-oriented scales than normal group. Also, functional impairment, memory/cognition, thought problems, irritable/disinhibited scales of empirically base problem and depressive, dementia, psychotic problems DSM-oriented scales significantly predict in distinguishing the three groups. CONCLUSION: The results implicated that OABCL is not only useful in assessing cognition decline but also in investigating psychological and behavioral problems of older adults.
Activities of Daily Living ; Adult* ; Checklist* ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders* ; Dementia ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Medical Records ; Mild Cognitive Impairment ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Problem Behavior ; Psychopathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Weights and Measures

Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a secondary form of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) manifesting as proteinuria and progressive renal dysfunction that results from maladaptive glomerular response to increasing adiposity. Reports of ORG progressing to end stage renal diseases in rare in the pediatric population. We report a 9-year-old boy with obesity (body mass index 35 kg/m2) who was diagnosed with ORG presenting with proteinuria. He was diagnosed with obesity-related glomerulopathy based on the laboratory, urinary, and kidney biopsy finding. In spite of treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and/or, angiotensin-receptor blocking agent, the degree or amount of proteinuria increased and renal function declined continuously. His BMI did not decrease and eventually progressed to chronic renal failure. Consequently, obese patients should be monitored for proteinuria, which may be the first manifestation of FSGS, a lesion that may be associated with serious renal sequelae.
Adiposity ; Biopsy ; Child ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Obesity ; Proteinuria