No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

This study compared the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) and microscopic change of two 2-step and two 1-step self-etching adhesives to dentin according to storage times in distilled water. Occlusal dentin was exposed in 48 human molars. They were divided to four groups by different adhesives: SE Bond group (Clearfil SE Bond), AdheSE group (AdheSE), Adper group (Adper Prompt L-Pop), and Xeno group (Xeno III). Each group was stored in 37degrees C distilled water for 1, 15, and 30 days. Resin-bonded specimens were sectioned into beams and subjected to microTBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. For SEM observation, one specimen was selected and sectioned in each group after each stroage time. Resin-dentin interface was observed under FE-SEM. In all storage times, mean microTBS of SE group was significantly higher than those of other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between mean microTBS of SE group and AdheSE group among all storage times, but significant difference between 1- and 30-day storage in mean microTBS of Adper group and Xeno group (p < 0.05). For 1-and 15-day storage, all groups showed the close adaptation between resindentin interfaces. For 30-day storage, resin-dentin interfaces showed wide gap in Adper group and separate pattern in Xeno III group.
Adhesives* ; Dentin* ; Humans ; Molar ; Water

Effective and systematic sanitation management programs are necessary to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks in school foodservice operations. The purpose of this study was to identify the elements to improve in order to ensure the safety of school food service by evaluating sanitation management practices implemented under HACCP-based programs. The survey was designed to assess the level of hygiene practices of school food service by using an inspection checklist of food hygiene and safety. Fifty-four school foodservice establishments considered as poor sanitation practice groups from two year inspections by Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education were surveyed from September to December in 2005. Inspection checklists consisted of seven categories with 50 checkpoints; facilities and equipment management, personal hygiene, ingredient control, process control, environmental sanitation management, HACCP system and safety management. Surveyed schools scored 68.0+/-12.42 points out of 100 on average. The average score (% of compliance) of each field was 10.7/20 (53.3%) for facilities and equipment management, 7.4/11 (67.2%) for personal hygiene, 7.4/11 (74.1%) for ingredient control, 22.4/32 (69.8%) for process control, 8.9/12 (73.8%) for environmental sanitation management, 4.2/7 (59.7%) for HACCP systems management, and 7.2/8 (89.7%) for safety management, respectively. The field to be improved first was the sanitation control of facilities and equipment. The elements to improve this category were unprofessional consultation for kitchen layout, improper compartment of the kitchen area, lacks of pest control, inadequate water supply, poor ventilation system, and insufficient hand-washing facilities. To elevate the overall performance level of sanitation management, prerequisite programs prior to HACCP plan implementation should be stressed on the school officials, specifically principals, for the integration of the system.
Checklist ; Disease Outbreaks ; Education ; Food Safety* ; Food Services* ; Foodborne Diseases ; Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Pest Control ; Safety Management ; Sanitation ; Seoul* ; Ventilation ; Water Supply

No abstract available.
Fatty Liver* ; Ultrasonography*

OBJECTIVE: A recently developed facial scanning method uses three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging with a light-emitting diode. Such scanning enables surface data to be captured in high-resolution color and at relatively fast speeds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of 3D images obtained using the Morpheus 3D(R) scanner (Morpheus Co., Seoul, Korea). METHODS: The sample comprised 30 subjects aged 24-34 years (mean 29.0 +/- 2.5 years). To test the correlation between direct and 3D image measurements, 21 landmarks were labeled on the face of each subject. Sixteen direct measurements were obtained twice using digital calipers; the same measurements were then made on two sets of 3D facial images. The mean values of measurements obtained from both methods were compared. To investigate the precision, a comparison was made between two sets of measurements taken with each method. RESULTS: When comparing the variables from both methods, five of the 16 possible anthropometric variables were found to be significantly different. However, in 12 of the 16 cases, the mean difference was under 1 mm. The average value of the differences for all variables was 0.75 mm. Precision was high in both methods, with error magnitudes under 0.5 mm. CONCLUSIONS: 3D scanning images have high levels of precision and fairly good congruence with traditional anthropometry methods, with mean differences of less than 1 mm. 3D surface imaging using the Morpheus 3D(R) scanner is therefore a clinically acceptable method of recording facial integumental data.
Anthropometry ; Seoul

Endocarditis due to anaerobes is not a rare ocurrence. However, Clostridial endocarditis, most cases are caused by Clostridium perfringens, is an uncommon disease. Clostridium are gram positive spore forming obligate anaerobes that are found widely in soil, water, and foods. They naturally inhabit the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and female genital tract. We observed a case of Clostridium perfringens endocarditis in a 67 years old woman. Who experienced fever, chronic diarrhea and vegetation in the aortic valve.
Aged ; Aortic Valve ; Clostridium perfringens* ; Clostridium* ; Diarrhea ; Endocarditis* ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Soil ; Spores

A human malignant lymphoid cell line(JeKo-1) was established from a Korean patient with retroperitoneal tumor presenting peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement by malignant lymphoid cells. This cell line was established from peripheral blood, and the cell line had the identical immunophenotypic features as malignant cells from the peripheral blood. The established cell line had features of a mature B-cell phenotype with no evidence for commitment to other lineages. The JeKo-1 grows in suspension with a doubling time of 33 hours. By light and electron microscopic examination, the established cells had a follicular center showing, a small, cleaved, lymphoid appearance, and had a large amount of cytoplasm containing few vacuoles and an irregular cytoplasmic membrane. Immunophenotypic analyses with monoclonal antibodies using flow cytometry showed a monoclonal IgM kappa and CD5- B-cell phenotype. The cells were non-reactive for T-cells and myeloid/monocyte antigens, and no evidence of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen by polymerase chain reaction. DNA analysis showed a hypodiploid stemline with a DNA index of 0.83. The established cells were strongly reactive for bcl-2 and c-myc onco-protein, but lacked expression of multidrug resistance gene protein, p-glycoprotein by Western blot analysis. Karyotypic analysis of JeKo-1 showed 40-41 chromosomes. This cell line should be a valuable tool to study the dissemination of malignant lymphoma into the peripheral blood and bone marrow.
Humans

No abstract available in English.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar* ; Pathology*

Polyarteritis nodosa is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of the small- and medium-sized arteries with gastrointestinal involvement in more than 50% of cases at some time during the course of the disease. The gastrointestinal manifestations can be diverse and include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, ulceration, hemorrhage, occlusion and perforation. Gut involvement is a serious prognostic factor. A 65-year-old man was referred to our department suffering from epigastric pain. A push enteroscopy revealed ischemic enteritis at the proximal small bowel and the CT scan showed a large dilation of the small bowel. His condition deteriorated rapidly and an exploratory laparotomy and total resection of the small bowel was performed. We report a rare case in which the push enteroscopy revealed acute ischemic enteritis of the small bowel and where the pathology specimen showed transmural necrosis of the involved small bowel due to vessel occlusion caused by polyarteritis nodosa.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Arteries ; Endoscopy ; Enteritis* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Nausea ; Necrosis ; Pathology ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Therapeutic Equivalency*