The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between job satisfaction and burnout experience. The subjects were 225 nephrology nurses in Pusan, and Kyung Sang Namdo and Kyung Sang Bukdo. The data were collected from Nov. 20 to Dec. 3, 1996 using questionnaires method. Job satisfaction measured job satisfaction tool by Slavitt et al, and burnout experience measured burnout experience scale by Pines et al. The questionnaire consisted of question regarding job satisfaction scale(44 items 5 point scale) and burnout experience scale(21 items 7 point scale). The reliability of this instrument was that the hob satisfaction was Cronbach's alpha=0.8298 and the burnout experience was Cronbach's alpha=0.8960. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program using mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In the demosociographic characteristics showed the highest level was as follows : 26-30 years old group(40.2%), married(56.4%), graduated junior college of nursing(87.6%), non the religious(35.6%), the effect of religion upon life is not effected(35.6%). In the characteristics related to nursing profession showed the highest level was as follows : Hospital style is secondary hospital(that have above 450 beds) (53.3%), staff nurse(72.9%), the length of clinical experience at hemodialysis room is less than 2 years(39.1%), number of patient was assigned a nephrology nurses is 5(40.4%), work in two shift(55.6%), the nurses professional motivation is family recommended(33.8%), the nurses intention to stay is until for needed(58.2%), the chance for professional growth is not enough(44.9%), degree of satisfaction with nursing is moderate(43.2%). 2. The mean score of the total hob satisfaction is 3.06 of 5 point Likert-type scale. Task requirements(3.51) among the component factors of the job satisfaction was the highest value and then the interaction among fellow nurses(3.34), job prestige/status(3.33), autonomy(3.27), organizational requirement(2.55), and pay(2.39) was the lowest 3. The mean score of the total burnout experience is 3.20 of 7 point Likert-type scale. Physical exhaustion(3.36) among the component factors of the burnout experience was the highest value and then emotional exhaustion(3.20), and mental exhaustion(2.95) was the lowest. 4. Job satisfaction according to demosociographic characteristics of the subjects showed significant differences in the effect of religion upon one's life(F=3.268, p=0.013). Job satisfaction according to characteristics related to nursing profession of the subjects showed significant differences in the hospital type(F=3.479, p=0.033), position(F=3.165, p=0.044), number of patient was assigned a nephrology nurses(F=2.552, p=0.040), nurses intention to stay(F=7.153, p=0.001), the chance for professional nursing growth(F=3.735, p=0.006), the degree of satisfaction with nursing(F=12.680,p=0.000). Burnout experience according to characteristics related to nursing profession of the subjects showed significant differences in the position(F=3.247, p=0.041), number of patient was assigned nephrology nurses(F=4.220, p=0.003), shift(F=3.148, p=0.045), nurses intention to stay(F=9.911, p=0.000), the degree of satisfaction with nursing(F=13.234, p=0.000). 5. Job satisfaction and burnout experience was signigicant negative correlation(r=-.5466, p<.001).
Busan ; Humans ; Intention ; Job Satisfaction* ; Motivation ; Nephrology* ; Nursing ; Renal Dialysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Spinal epidural abscesses were evaluated using Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 19 surgically and clinically confirmed cases, including 13 with tuberculous spondylitis and 6 with pyogenic spondylitis. We observed rim enhancement patterns in 10 patients and diffuse enhancement patterns in 9 patients. The spread patterns were localized to ventral or dorsal epidural space and encircled entire epidural space. We conclude that rim enhancement indicates abscess and diffuse enhancement indicates granulation tissue and fibrosis. Tuberculous epidural abscess spreads to ventral epidural space and pyogenic epidural abscess encircles entire epidural space.
Abscess ; Epidural Abscess* ; Epidural Space ; Fibrosis ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spondylitis

Though basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent and increasing malignant tumor of the skin in Korea, its pathological analysis has been done only on the small numbers. So, we did a comprehensive pathologic study on the 283 patients with basal cell carcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Seoul National(233cases) and Chung-Ang(50cases) University Hospital during 1975-1992. The age distribution was ranged from 15 to 84 years with highest incidence rate in the age group of 5th-8th decades and 83.7% of all patients were over 40 years of age. Sex difference was not noted. The most common site was face occuring in 235 out of 283cases(83.0%) especially in the eyelid(25.5%), nose(17.9%) and cheek(16.6%). The most frequent histopathologic type was solid type(54.0%) followed by mixed(23.9%), adenoid(7.5%), and metatypical(4.7%). Among 51 mixed type, all showed solid components with adenoid(51.0%) followed by morphea(25.5%) and metatypical type(13.7%). And among 14 recurrent cases, solid type is found in 50% of cases. The characteristic clinicopathological findings are solid arrangement of tumor cells with various histological pattern and predominant occurence on the face.
Incidence

This study was designed to investigate clinical characteristics and outcome of patient with suicidal attempt. A retrospective analysis by chart review of 130 cases of patients with suicidal attempt who visited emergency department of Dankook University Hospital from January 1998 to December 1998. The results were as follows; 1. The ratio of patients with suicidal attempt to total patients who visited emergency department was 0.7%. The highest suicidal attempt rates were among aged 20-39. The gender ratio is similar. 2. Suicidal attempt were more common in summer, July, Friday, evening. 3. The most common place of suicidal attempt was home. 4. Drug ingestion was the most common method of suicidal attempt. Drug used for suicidal attempt were agricultural drug including organic phosphorus and carbamate, and therapeutic drug. 5. Common motives of suicidal attempt were marriage conflict, family conflict. 6. The intensity of will to die was more strong in old aged male. 7. Suicidal attempt associated with alcohol drinking was 39.2%. 8. Common symptoms or signs of intoxication were neurological and gastrointestinal.
Alcohol Drinking ; Eating ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Family Conflict ; Humans ; Male ; Marriage ; Phosphorus ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: The purpose of study was to identify the relationship between body image and self-esteem in patients with chronic renal failure. METHOD: The subjects of study were 97 patients with chronic renal failure who were outpatients at K medical center, B hospital, H hospital in Busan. Data were collected from Nov. 15th to Dec. 17th, 1999. The instruments used for study were the Body Cathexis Scale and Rogenberg's Self-esteem Scale. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULT: 1. The mean score for body image was 137.46+/-22.21, the mean mark 2.92+/-0.47, and the mean score of self-esteem was 30.80+/-0.76, the mean mark 3.08+/-0.87. 2. There was a significant difference in the score for body image according to educational level (F=5.189, P=0.002) and type of residence (F=6.095, P=0.001). 3. There was a significant difference in the score for self-esteem according to age (F=3.615, P=0.009), educational level (F=4.772, P=0.004), marital status (F=3.498, P=0.019), and presence of children (F=2.511, P=0.014). 4. Body image in patients with chronic renal failure patients showed significant correlation with self-esteem (r=0.519, P=0.000). CONCLUSION: From this study, a relationship between body image and self-esteem in patients with chronic renal failure was identified. Therefore, nursing interventions are needed to promote body image and self esteem in patients with chronic renal patients.
Body Image* ; Busan ; Cathexis ; Child ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Marital Status ; Nursing ; Outpatients ; Self Concept

PURPOSE: Since 1993, Koreans have used diagnostic criteria set by the Korean Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (KSTH) in the diagnosis of overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In 2001, the Scientific and Standardization Committee (SCC) of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) proposed new diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of overt DIC. We wanted to compare the use of the ISTH versus KSTH criteria in the diagnosis of overt DIC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 131 patients over the age of 15 years, who had been admitted and diagnosed as having DIC from May 2000 to April 2005 at the Youngdong Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Of the 131 patients, there were 71 males and 60 females, with a median age of 61 years. Hemostatic tests, including platelet counts, PT, aPTT, fibrinogen level and D-dimer, were evaluated based on the respective scoring systems. To assess the concordance between the two diagnostic systems, we used the Student's t-test and the K-coefficient. RESULTS: There were 79 patients compatible with the ISTH criteria and 63 patients with the KSTH criteria. Sixty-one patients were compatible with both diagnostic systems. The grade of agreement, or concordance rate, was 84.7% and the K-coefficient, or interrater reliability, was as low as 0.6 without significance. However, if we scored 1 point for a fibrinogen level of 100-150mg/dL, and 2 points for a level below 100mg/dL, for the ISTH criteria, then 63 patients were compatible with both diagnostic systems, and the concordance rate increased to 85.5% and the K-coefficient to 0.71 with significance. CONCLUSION: To achieve good agreement between the ISTH and KSTH diagnostic systems for overt DIC, we highly recommend changing the plasma fibrinogen cut-off value in the ISTH criteria from 100mg/dL to 150mg/dL and scoring up to 2 points for a level below 100 mg/dL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/*diagnosis/etiology/mortality ; Female ; *Hematology ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Societies, Medical

No abstract available.
Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases*

No abstract available.
Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases*

A questionnaire on a variety of ophthalmic topics was made up and sent to 150 members of the Korean Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery-[KSCRS] in May, 1996. Forty percent [60/150] responded within the deadline in June, 1996. As the contents of the questionnaire were almost identical to the ones prepared in the USA [1994, 1995] and in Japan [1994], the answer to the questionnaire could be compared with those gathered from the USA and Japan. Over half of the respondents [57%] were in their forties. The average number of operations done per month was 26. Cataract operation accounted for over 60% of the total operations in 34% of KSCRS members. And more than 76% of the cataract operation were done using phacoemulsification technique in 31% of the respondents. There were no difference in the preferred method of local anesthesia for the cataract surgery in Korea compare to the USA or Japan. And there was less likelihood of using peribulbar anesthesia and no suture technique in Korea compared to the USA. Sixty-one percent of the Korean ophthalmic surgeon implanted the intraocular lenses even before the patients were younger than 20 years old whereas, 82% of ophthalmic surgeon in Japan did only when the patients were older than 20 years of age. For radial keratotomy as a means of correcting myopia, 91% of the Korean respondents were not performing the procedure any more, while 45% of the American respondents abandoned it. Fifty four percent of the Korean respondents and 46% of the American respondents have been doing excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. There was no statistical difference between the two. From the answers to the qustionnaire, we found that our results did not differ significantly from those of the USA or Japan and we believe that these results reflect the present trends of cataract and refractive surgeries in Korea.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Local ; Cataract* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Humans ; Japan ; Keratotomy, Radial ; Korea ; Lasers, Excimer ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Myopia ; Phacoemulsification ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; Refractive Surgical Procedures* ; Suture Techniques ; Young Adult

This study was performed to investigate the nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and dietary habits of physical education (PE) major and non-majors of male college students. The subjects were 253 students residing in Gyeonggi area. Nutrition knowledge scores of PE major students were lower than that of non-major students. Both PE major and nonmajor students reported TV, radio, and internet as their primary sources of nutrition information. Overall dietary attitude scores of two groups did not differ significantly, but PE major students showed more positive attitudes than non-major students for 'Enjoy eating foods that are good for health'. PE major students took more number of meals a day and took more irregularly than non-major students. Also they used more nutrient supplements than non-major students. PE major students drank more amounts of alcohol and drank more frequently than non-major students. But the smoking status of the two groups was not significantly different. PE major students scored higher than non-major students in dietary habits on balance of meals in spite of their low nutrition knowledge scores. Therefore, it is suggested that nutritional programs for PE major and non-major college students should be developed.
Eating ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Meals ; Physical Education and Training ; Smoke ; Smoking