Giiiary muscle strongly resembles the heart muscle in its functional behaviour, although from the anatomic point of view, it can be considered part of the smooth or involuntary muscle system. Visual acuity, refractive state, near point of accommodation and accommodative-convergence/ accommodation were studied in 30 persons before and after instillation of 2 drops of 0.01% digitalis solution. The results showed that the chapge of near point of accommodation was significant. So the author concluded, "Digitalis favorably influences the accommodation".
Digitalis* ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocardium ; Visual Acuity

Here, a case of a 59-year-old man with rotator cuff tear and impingement syndrome caused by an ossified coracoacromial ligament is presented. Ossification of the coracoacromial ligaments can occur because of degenerative changes due to trauma or repeated stress, which can lead to impingement syndrome. Therefore, when coracoacromial ligament ossification is present, rotator cuff damage due to impingement syndrome should be considered. Here, we conducted arthroscopic subacromial decompression, removal of the ossified coracoacromial ligament, and supraspinatus and subscapularis tendon repairs. We achieved satisfactory surgical outcomes without relapse; therefore, we report this case with a literature review.
Decompression ; Humans ; Ligaments* ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome* ; Tears ; Tendons

Management of the tumor of the iris and ciliary body is a difficult prablem. 244 cases of iridocyclectomy rather than enucleation had been reported from 1912 to 1970. But there seems to be no histopathological report. The author performed experimental iridocyclectomy in 20 albino rabbits, and observed clinically and pathologically one week interval for 6 weeks post-operathively. Surprisingly only a few cases of complications such as hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment were observed. Post-operative wound healing was good. So the author concluded, "Iridocyclectomy itself isa delicate and difficult surgery, but skillful technique in a definitely indicated case using a operating microscope will get good result".
Ciliary Body ; Hyphema ; Iris ; Rabbits ; Retinal Detachment ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Wound Healing

BACKGROUND/AIMS: A self-report questionnaire is frequently used to measure symptoms reliably and to distinguish patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) from those with other conditions. We produced and validated a cross-cultural adaptation of the Rome III questionnaire for diagnosis of FGIDs in Korea. METHODS: The Korean version of the Rome III (Rome III-K) questionnaire was developed through structural translational processes. Subsequently, reliability was measured by a test-retest procedure. Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing self-reported questionnaire data with the subsequent completion of the questionnaire by the physician based on an interview and with the clinical diagnosis. Concurrent validation using the validated Korean version of the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) was adopted to demonstrate discriminant validity. RESULTS: A total of 306 subjects were studied. Test-retest reliability was good, with a median Cronbach's alpha value of 0.83 (range, 0.71-0.97). The degree of agreement between patient-administered and physician-administered questionnaires to diagnose FGIDs was excellent; the kappa index was 0.949 for irritable bowel syndrome, 0.883 for functional dyspepsia and 0.927 for functional heartburn. The physician's clinical diagnosis of functional dyspepsia showed the most marked discrepancy with that based on the self-administered questionnaire. Almost all SF-36 domains were impaired in participants diagnosed with one of these FGIDs according to the Rome III-K. CONCLUSIONS: We developed the Rome III-K questionnaire though structural translational processes, and it revealed good test-retest reliability and satisfactory construct validity. These results suggest that this instrument will be useful for clinical and research assessments in the Korean population.
Dyspepsia ; Gastrointestinal Diseases* ; Health Surveys ; Heartburn ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Surveys and Questionnaires*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and effects of intracameral triamcinolone acetonide injection in rabbit corneas. METHODS: Triamcinolone acetonide in the amounts of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg was injected into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes, and intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, and endothelial cell counts were evaluated on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Twenty-eight days after triamcinolone acetonide injection, the eyes were enucleated and examined after TUNEL staining. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found among control, 0.5, and 1 mg triamcinolone-injected eyes in central corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, pleomorphism, and polymegathism. There was no difference between 2 mg triamcinolone-injected eyes and control eyes for corneal thickness and cell density, but there were statistically significant differences between these two groups for pleomorphism (p<0.05) and polymegathism (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that intracameral injections of 0.5~1 mg of triamcinolone acetonide are beneficial and cause no toxic effects on corneas.
Anterior Chamber ; Cell Count ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells ; Eye ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Intraocular Pressure ; Rabbits ; Triamcinolone ; Triamcinolone Acetonide

PURPOSE: Recently the merits of 6 weeks of initial prednisolone treatment for pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome have been reported, and the use of the 6 week regimen is increasing. We compared our experiences with the 6 week treatment versus the 4 week treatment for Korean patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 69 children who had primary nephrotic syndrome and who were followed up for at least 12 months in the 4 major medical centers in Daegu. The remission rate, the relapse rate, the frequency of relapse and complication of steroid treatment were compared between the 4 weeks and 6 weeks treatment group. RESULTS: Of the 69 children, 42 were in the 4 week treatment group and 27 were in the 6 week group. The median age, blood pressure, serum total protein, serum albumin, cholesterol, creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, 24 hour urine protein and 12 month cumulative dose did not differ between the two groups. Among the children who relapsed after steroid treatment, the relapse time was significantly later for the 6 week treatment group. The relapse rate after 1 year of treatment was 62% in the 4 week treatment group and 52% in the 6 week treatment group; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The frequency of relapse at 12 months was 1.5+/-1.2 times in the 4 week treatment group and 1.1+/-1.2 times in the 6 week treatment group, and there was not different between the two groups. The most common side effects of steroid treatment were an increase of appetite and a cushingoid appearance, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups. Among the 27 children who had kidney biopsies performed, 21 suffered from minimal change nephrotic syndrome. CONCLUSION: The first relapse time after steroid treatment was significantly later in the 6 week steroid treatment group. The frequency of relapse and the 12 month cumulative dose of steroid were lower in the 6 week treatment group, but there was no statistical significance between the two groups. The side effects of steroid treatment did not differ between the two groups. We need to study the long term side effects and the advanced regimens of steroid treatment in the future.
Appetite ; Biopsy ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Cholesterol ; Creatinine ; Daegu ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Prednisolone* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Serum Albumin

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune- mediated skin disease. Recently, several psoriasis-linked genetic loci have been reported; PSORS4 contains S100A8 (calgranulin A), and PSOR6 (19p13) locus harbors JunB (19p13.2). S100A8 is considered to be a marker of inflammation in a variety of diseases. The expression of JunB and c-Jun have been reported to be reduced in psoriatic lesions. OBJECTIVE: We attempted to assess the role and correlation of S100A8, JunB, and c-Jun in the pathogenesis of guttate psoriasis and psoriasis vulgaris by studying whether any difference of immunohistochemical expression existed. METHODS: Skin biopsy specimens from patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n=37) and guttate psoriasis (n=17), and a normal skin controls (n=9) were utilized in the study. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections were prepared and JunB, c-Jun, and calgranulin A were immunohistochemically stained in order to compare the expression of those three proteins in each group. RESULTS: Reduced JunB expression was observed in patients with psoriasis vulgaris and guttate psoriasis, as compared to patients in the control group; however, c-Jun expression was reduced only in the psoriasis vulgaris group. The expression of S100A8 increased in the psoriasis groups as compared to the control group. In addition, the expression of S100A8 was different between the psoriasis vulgaris and guttate psoriasis groups; S100A8 was expressed more profoundly in the guttate psoriasis group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that S100A8 contributes to the pathogenesis of guttate psoriasis, and it may be a good target for therapy for guttate psoriasis provoked by microorganisms.
Biopsy ; Calgranulin A ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Proteins ; Psoriasis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases

Anagrelide is an effective drug for essential thrombocythaemia, and its adverse cardiovascular effects are relatively rarely reported. We experienced a 73 year-old man with essential thrombocythaemia developed anagrelide-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. After discontinuation of anagrelide, the patient's left ventricular systolic function was completely recovered.
Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Quinazolines

BACKGROUND: Trichophyton(T.) mentagrophytes is one of common dermatophytes in Korea. The strain has a various colonial morphology; the colonial morphology of granular and powdery forms is very similar to Microsporum(M.) persicolor. OBJECTIVE: We tried to evaluate the mycologic features of T. mentagrophytes and to investigate the possibility of existence of M. persicolor among granular forms of T. mentagrophytes isolated in Korea. METHODS: Fifty strains of T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes were examined and compared with standard strain of RV 28710 Nannizzia (Arthroderma) persicolor(+), RV 28709 Nannizzia (Arthroderma) persicolor (-), RV 27960 Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii(+), RV 27961 Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii (-), RV 26678 Arthroderma benhamiae (+) and RV 26680 A
Arthrodermataceae ; Daegu* ; Humans ; Korea ; Microsporum* ; Tinea* ; Trichophyton*

Among the intracranial glioma, primitive glioma is very rare. We report a case of primitive glioma involving left parietofrontotemporal lobe of 8-year-old boy who had about 12 months duration of right sided hemiparesis, headache, vomiting and papilledema. CT scan showed a large, well defined round area of low density with peripheral rim of high density and high density small mass suggesting mural nodule in left frontoparietotemporal region. A left frontoparietotemporal osteoplastic craniotomy was carried out. A small nodule and cystic membrane containing pale yellowish colored proteinous cystic fluid were almost totally removed without difficulty. Postoperatively, the right hemiparesis and headache gradually cleared. Pathologic diagnosis was primitive glioma.
Child ; Craniotomy ; Diagnosis ; Glioma ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes ; Papilledema ; Paresis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting