The “delta phalanx”, first named by BlundeII Jones in 1964, is a triangular(“delta-shaped”) or trapezoidal phalanx with C-shaped epiphyseal plate causing progressive angular deformity of the digit with growth. Neither splinting nor physical therapy is effective in improving the condition. Surgical correction is indicated and several methods of correction have been reported. Authors have experienced a rare case of “delta phalanx” occuring in the proximal phalanx of the syndactylous digit.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Growth Plate ; Splints ; Syndactyly

Fourty one cases of open fractures of tibial shaft complicated with varying degrees of soft tissue injuries were trested by one-plane unilateral external fixation with AO fixator. In seventeen csses among them, interfragmental lag screw fixation was applied in addition, for more rigidity and stability of the fixation. All of thern were followed up at least for one year and we obtained the following results. 1. Rigid stable external fixation provided by additional minimum internal fixation may not increase the rate of infection but rather enhance prompt primary bone healing. 2. One-plane unilatersl external fixation may facilitate good access to the wound for subsepuent reconstructive procedures, and enhance pain-free early full range of joint motion, thus promote early bone union. 3. Comparing with bilsteral fixation, there wss almost no difference in the union time of the fracture even with one-plsne unilatersl fixation.
Clinical Study ; External Fixators ; Fractures, Open ; Joints ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is reported. Most of the alveolar spaces were filled with amorphous deep eosinohilic material which revealed strong positive reaction to periodic acid-Schiff staining. Electron microscopic observation of this material showed numerous lamellar bodies in the alveolar spaces and cytoplasms of alveolar macrophages. A part of them were concentric multilamellated type A lamellar bodies and the other were finger printlike type B bodies. Combined type A and type B lamellar bodies were rarely present. From the above features it is suggested that both type A and B lamellar bodies could be transformed one another and those lamellar bodies may be originated from pulmonary surfactant.

PURPOSE: Computed tomographic(CT), ultrasonographic(US) findings of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas were correlated with pathologic findings for the better understanding of this disease entity. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective review of CT and US of 14 cases of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas was carried out in terms of the margin, internal architecture, caicification and septation, and this was correlated with gross pathologic findings. RESULTS: CT and US findings were well defined round masses consisting of both solid and cystic components. Five cases were cystic, four cases were solid and five cases were mixed. Cystic portion of the tumor represented variable degree of hemorrhagic necrosis. Six cases contained foci of calcification, which were linear, marginal and amorphous. Marginal calcification interfered US examination of the mass in three cases. Internal septurn was demonstrated in four cases on CT, one case on US and three cases on gross specimen. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that calcification and internal septurn were considered as a part of radiologic findings in solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas.
Necrosis ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial* ; Pancreas* ; Retrospective Studies

It is often problematic to diagnose T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders of the skin because of the difficulty in establishing clonality in paraffin-embedded tissue. We used polymerase chain reaction single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and heteroduplex analysis in paraffin embedded tissue to detect clonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor gamma (TCRgamma) gene in 17 T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and 6 atypical lymphoproliferative diseases. We used polymerase chain reaction to detect TCR beta gene rearrangement in 8 of 17 cases which did not show TCRgamma gene rearrangement. Jurkat cell lines were used as monoclonal controls. DNA was extracted from 5 biopsies of T-cell lymphomas, 10 biopsies of mycosis fungoides, 2 biopsies of lymphomatoid papulosis, and 6 biopsies of atypical lymphoproliferative lesions. We detected monoclonality in 5 of 5 T-cell lymphoma cases, 2 of 2 lymphomatoid papulosis cases, 6 of 10 mycosis fungoides cases, and 2 of 6 atypical lymphoproliferative disease cases. We conclude that nonradioactive PCR-SSCP for TCR gene rearrangement analysis is a useful adjunct to routine histological and immunophenotypic methods in the diagnosis of cutaneous T cell lymphoproliferative disorders in paraffin embedded tissue.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta ; Heteroduplex Analysis ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; Lymphomatoid Papulosis ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Paraffin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes

Labor pain is one of the most challenging experiences encountered by females during their lives. Neuraxial analgesia is the mainstay analgesic for intrapartum pain relief. However, despite the increasing use and undeniable advantages of neuraxial analgesia for labor, there have been concerns regarding undesirable effects on the progression of labor and outcomes. Recent evidence indicates that neuraxial analgesia does not increase the rate of Cesarean sections, although it may be associated with a prolonged second stage of labor and an increased rate of instrumental vaginal delivery. Even when neuraxial analgesia is administered early in the course of labor, it is not associated with an increased rate of Cesarean section or instrumental vaginal delivery, nor does it prolong the labor duration. These data may help physicians correct misconceptions regarding the adverse effects of neuraxial analgesia on labor outcome, as well as encourage the administration of neuraxial analgesia in response to requests for pain relief.
Analgesia* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Labor Pain ; Labor, Obstetric ; Pregnancy

Acute facial nerve palsy, particularly Bell’s palsy, is a common neurological disorder with an annual incidence of 20-30 cases per 100,000 individuals. It is characterized by sudden or gradual facial muscle palsy and is caused by viral reactivation, inflammation, or ischemia of the facial nerve. Prognosis varies widely, depending on the severity of nerve damage and timeliness of the intervention. Steroid therapy remains the cornerstone of Bell’s palsy treatment because it reduces inflammation and facilitates recovery. Early administration, preferably within 72 hours of symptom onset, considerably improves outcomes. However, the efficacy of combination therapy remains controversial. Current guidelines recommend oral steroids as the primary treatment for Bell’s palsy and suggest the selective use of antiviral agents in severe cases or when viral involvement is strongly suspected. For severe facial palsy, such as Ramsay Hunt syndrome or varicella-zoster virus-induced cases, combination therapy may improve outcomes and reduce sequelae; however, high-quality evidence is limited. Steroid therapy is the main treatment of Bell’s palsy and antiviral therapy can be added in severe cases to improve prognosis. Additional research is required to develop standardized guidelines, concerning the use of antiviral therapies in conjunction with steroids.

Acute facial nerve palsy, particularly Bell’s palsy, is a common neurological disorder with an annual incidence of 20-30 cases per 100,000 individuals. It is characterized by sudden or gradual facial muscle palsy and is caused by viral reactivation, inflammation, or ischemia of the facial nerve. Prognosis varies widely, depending on the severity of nerve damage and timeliness of the intervention. Steroid therapy remains the cornerstone of Bell’s palsy treatment because it reduces inflammation and facilitates recovery. Early administration, preferably within 72 hours of symptom onset, considerably improves outcomes. However, the efficacy of combination therapy remains controversial. Current guidelines recommend oral steroids as the primary treatment for Bell’s palsy and suggest the selective use of antiviral agents in severe cases or when viral involvement is strongly suspected. For severe facial palsy, such as Ramsay Hunt syndrome or varicella-zoster virus-induced cases, combination therapy may improve outcomes and reduce sequelae; however, high-quality evidence is limited. Steroid therapy is the main treatment of Bell’s palsy and antiviral therapy can be added in severe cases to improve prognosis. Additional research is required to develop standardized guidelines, concerning the use of antiviral therapies in conjunction with steroids.

Acute facial nerve palsy, particularly Bell’s palsy, is a common neurological disorder with an annual incidence of 20-30 cases per 100,000 individuals. It is characterized by sudden or gradual facial muscle palsy and is caused by viral reactivation, inflammation, or ischemia of the facial nerve. Prognosis varies widely, depending on the severity of nerve damage and timeliness of the intervention. Steroid therapy remains the cornerstone of Bell’s palsy treatment because it reduces inflammation and facilitates recovery. Early administration, preferably within 72 hours of symptom onset, considerably improves outcomes. However, the efficacy of combination therapy remains controversial. Current guidelines recommend oral steroids as the primary treatment for Bell’s palsy and suggest the selective use of antiviral agents in severe cases or when viral involvement is strongly suspected. For severe facial palsy, such as Ramsay Hunt syndrome or varicella-zoster virus-induced cases, combination therapy may improve outcomes and reduce sequelae; however, high-quality evidence is limited. Steroid therapy is the main treatment of Bell’s palsy and antiviral therapy can be added in severe cases to improve prognosis. Additional research is required to develop standardized guidelines, concerning the use of antiviral therapies in conjunction with steroids.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of macular ischemia and early treatment on the visual outcomes of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed the records of 42 patients who were treated with an intravitreal bevacizumab injection for BRVO, repeated 3 times at 6-week intervals and were whose data available for a follow-up period of at least 4 years. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) results before treatment and at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months after the 3 serial injections, were measured. We assessed macular ischemia, time to the first treatment, and the relationship of these with BCVA. RESULTS: Mean BCVA (log MAR) was significantly improved from 0.67 +/- 0.43 at baseline to 0.30 +/- 0.30 at 48 months (p < 0.001). Four years after treatment, mean BCVA in the macular non-ischemic group was better than in the ischemic group, but this relationship did not hold for mean change in BCVA. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between the early (< or =6 weeks) and late (>6 weeks) treatment groups in BCVA and mean change in BCVA after 48 months. There was statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between the early (< or =6 weeks) and late (>6 weeks) treatment groups with macular ischemia in BCVA after 48 months. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with BRVO, a significant visual improvement was maintained after intravitreal bevacizumab injections, despite the presence of macular ischemia. Early treatment (within 6 weeks) is more effective for maintaining and improving visual acuity. Similar results in the macular ischemia group confirmed the importance of early treatment.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ischemia* ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab