No abstract available.
Fascia* ; Nasolabial Fold*

Angiomyolipoma is considered by many authors to be a hamartoma, occurring in a sporadic form or in association with tuberous sclerosis. This lesion consists of thick walled blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue in varying amounts. We have experienced a case of the angiomyolipoma composed of monotypic epithelioid cells. The patient was a 69-year-old female. Clinically, there was no evidence of tuberous sclerosis. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic granular or clear cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and multinucleated giant cells. The tumor cells showed positive reaction for HMB45, CD68, smooth muscle actin, and S-100, and negative reaction for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, CD34, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor. Ultrastructual analysis showed the presence of glycogen, mitochondria, and other microorganelles in neoplastic cells. Melanosome or premelanosome was not identified.
Actins ; Adipose Tissue ; Aged ; Angiomyolipoma* ; Blood Vessels ; Cytoplasm ; Desmin ; Eosinophils ; Epithelioid Cells ; Estrogens ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glycogen ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Keratins ; Kidney* ; Melanosomes ; Mitochondria ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Vimentin

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the difference of depressive symptoms and attention between estrogen user and non-user in postmenopausal women. METHODS: 30 Estrogen users and 30 non-users were participated in this study. They were all menopausal for at least 1 year and have 12 or more education years. We used BDI(Beck Depression Inventory), digit span and digit symbol to evaluate depressive symptoms and attention in both groups. We also measured the plasma estradiol level and identified the correlation between estradiol level and BDI, digit span and digit symbol. RESULTS: The demographic data was not different between both groups. Estrogen users scored higher than non-users in digit span(forward) and lower than non-users in BDI. The correlation between estradiol level BDI, digit span and digit symbol was not significant. CONCLUSION: Estrogen replacement therapy was effective in alleviation depressive symptoms but ineffective in improving attention in postmenopausal women.
Depression* ; Education ; Estradiol ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy* ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Humans ; Plasma

Meningeal carcinomatosis is an important neurological complication of systemic cancer, and is increasingly being recognized as a cause of reurologic disability in life. Also there is evidenee that the incidence of this form of metastasis is increasing. We reported a case of 52-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed as early gastric cancer by biopsy under gastrofiberscopy. Other Lab. findings were all normal range except high alkaline phosphatase level. And then performed Billroth II operation. On 7th post-operative day, she was encountered severe headache and insomnia. Abnormal neurologic signs and subjective symptoms were developed and progressed, Repeated lumbar punture was done and CSF was examed. There findings were abnormal, but no specific finding of certain disease. She died of severe neurologic deficit and sudden respiratory arrest. Autopsy was done, and confirmed leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Female ; Gastroenterostomy ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Meningeal Carcinomatosis* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Reference Values ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach*

After pantethine in doses of 540 mg per day was administered for 8 weeks in 20 patients with hyperlipidemia, the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol were compared with the pretreatment level. The serum level of total cholesterol decreased to 240+/-52 mg%[mean+/-standard deviation] after 4 weeks and 223+/-41 mg% after 8 weeks from the pretreatment level of 293+/-38 mg%(p<0.01). The serum triglyceride level also decreased to 254+/-109 mg% after 4 weeks and 239+/-114 mg% after 8 weeks from the pretreatment level of 375+/-126 mg%(p<0.01). But, there was no significant change in the serum levels of HDL-cholesterol before and after treatment (56+/-27 mg% beforAfter pantethine in doses of 540 mg per day was administered for 8 weeks in 20 patients with hyperlipidemia, the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol were compared with the pretreatment level. The serum level of total cholesterol decreased to 240+/-52 mg%[mean+/-standard deviation] after 4 weeks and 223+/-41 mg% after 8 weeks from the pretreatment level of 293+/-38 mg%(p<0.01). The serum triglyceride level also decreased to 254+/-109 mg% after 4 weeks and 239+/-114 mg% after 8 weeks from the pretreatment level of 375+/-126 mg%(p<0.01). But, there was no significant change in the serum levels of HDL-cholesterol before and after treatment (56+/-27 mg% before treatment, 56+/-18 mg% after 4 weeks and 59+/-22 mg% after 8 weeks). Pantethine was well tolerated in most patients.
Cholesterol ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Triglycerides

Crohn's disease is an acute or chronic inflammatory disorder, characteristically non- specific granuloxaatous neerotiziag, cicatrical low grade inflammation, occuring in various portions of the entire oro-gastraintestinal tract. The etiology is not clearly defined and rather uncertain. The disease is a heterogenous & dubious entity with multiple systemic manifestations. The incidence of the disease is geographically unequal in world wide distrihution. And male and female are equally involve. In June, 1985, a case of 17-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed by clinico-micro- scopic examination at Han Yang Univ. hospital. And then, we report with a review of world literatare.
Adolescent ; Crohn Disease* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Male

BACKGROUND: The subcutaneous formulation of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) was preferred due to favored self-administration and would be an economical treatment option for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study was to compare the economic impact of biologic DMARDs administered by subcutaneous injection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had inadequate response to conventional DMARDs. METHODS: The cost-minimization analysis was conducted to estimate the lifetime health care costs of treatment sequences with subcutaneous biologic DMARDs as first-line therapy from a health care system perspective. The Markov model was developed to represent the transitions through treatment sequences based on American College of Rheumatology response rate and discontinuation rate. The health care costs comprised the cost of medications, administration, dispensing, outpatient visits, test/diagnostic examination, palliative therapy and treatment of serious infection. All costs were expressed in 2016 Korean Won (KRW) and discounted at 5%. RESULTS: The mean lifetime health care cost per patient was lowest in the etanercept sequence, which was estimated at KRW 63,441,679. The incremental costs of the treatment sequence started with adalimumab, golimumab, abatacept, and tocilizumab were KRW 7,985,730, KRW 4,064,669, KRW 2,869,947, and KRW 4,282,833, respectively, relative to etanercept sequence. These differences in costs mainly were attributable to medication costs. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed that etanercept represented the option with the lowest cost compared with comparators. CONCLUSION: This study found that etanercept is likely a cost-saving treatment option among subcutaneous biologic DMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Antirheumatic Agents* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous* ; Outpatients ; Palliative Care ; Rheumatology ; Abatacept ; Adalimumab ; Etanercept

OBJECTIVES: A day hospital has been remodeled after a vision to help psychotic patients quickly recover their psychological and social functions and lessen their induced regressions caused by long-term hospitalization, thereby enhancing their social abilities. The authors concerned once developed a day hospital model of an integrated therapy for psychotic patients suitable for Korean situation in their previous paper. Based on it, the present study was to determine how effective a day hospital would be, in comparison of the following two paired groups: day hospital group with experience of hospitalization(hereinafter abbreviated as DH group) & day hospital parents group with experience of hospitalization(hereinafter abbreviated as DH parents group) and OPD group with experience of hospitalization(hereinafter abbreviated as OPD group) & OPD parents group with experience of hospitalization(hereinafter abbreviated as OPD parents group). METHODS: During the 18-month long research period(from May to 1996 October 1997), 17 day hospital patients with experience of hospitalization & their parents and the same number of OPD patients with experience of hospitalization & their parents were corespondingly paired with at random, who identified themselves closest in the following categories: diagnosis, age, sex and function. All of them were asked to check questionnaires on their respective quality of life, insight, and their attitude about drug. Day hospital patients with experience of hospitalization and their parents were checked from the first day they were treated while OPD patients with experience of hospitalization and their parents were examined after discharge from hospital, commonly at the interval of 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. RESULTS: 1) The quality of life scored higher in DH group than in OPD group. It turned increased significantly at the 3rd month and continued the same until the 12th month. At the 18th month, it showed a significant downturn. Meanwhile, DH group showed a significant upturn at the 3rd month and it turned down at 12 month. 2) The insight of DH group and DH parents group scored higher compared with OPD group and OPD parents group between the 3rd and 18th month, with the 3rd and 6th month showing a particular strength as well. Meanwhile, it continued unchanging for day DH group and DH parents group from the date on, of their discharge from hospital. 3) Attitude towards drugs scored higher in DH group than in OPD group at the 3rd and 6th month. It continued unchanging between the 6th and 18th month. It didn't score significantly higher in DH parents group than in their counterparts. 4) Satisfaction on the therapy started upward in DH group at the 3rd and 6th month, and scored higher in them than in their counterparts during the period form the 6th and 18th month. It started upward as well in DH parents group at the 3rd and 6th month, and scored higher in them than in their counterparts during the period form the 6th to the 18 month. 5) Number, and duration of DH group totalled lower than those by OPD group during the research period. CONCLUSION: The day hospital model, developed by the authors concerned, has proved a highly effective treatment for psychotic patients, as the data scored higher in the day hospital patients and their parents than in the OPD patients with experience of hospital and their parents in terms of "quality of life" by patients, insight, attitude toward drugs and satisfaction on its therapy.
Diagnosis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Parents ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic core biopsy has been advocated as an alternative to open biopsies with needle localization which had been the mainstay of treatment for evaluating nonpalpable mammographic abnormalities. Recently, the ABBI (Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation) system was developed. It enables complete removal of the entire lesion with local anesthesia and ambulatory care. METHODS: We analysed our results for 110 cases of nonpalpable mammographic lesions revealed by stereotactic core biopsies using a 14-gauge needle (n=42) or stereotactic excisional biopsy using the ABBI system (n=68) since December 1997 at the Samsung Medical Center. RESULTS: Of the 110 cases, 13 cases of malignancy were diagnosed, including 9 cases (69%) of DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ). The pathologic results of the 6 cancers revealed by stereotactic core biopsy had same as the results from the surgical specimens including 5 DCIS and one infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Of the 7 cancers revealed by the ABBI system 4 were DCIS, 1 was LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ), 1 was an infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and 1 was a mucinous carcinoma. Needle localization biopsy was performed in 5 patients who had benign results from the stereotactic core biopsy, despite the existence of mammographically suspicious lesions. Of these, 2 DCIS cases were finally revealed. CONCLUSIONS: The ABBI system is more ideal than stereotactic core biopsy and allows the advantageous replacement of needle localization and excisional biopsy in selected patients.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Ambulatory Care ; Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Humans ; Mammography ; Needles

BACKGROUND: Nitrous oxide is a safe analgesics which has analgesic and sedative effects without loss of consciousness. The advantage of Nitrous oxide is that it has a rapid onset time and that we can modulate duration of its action. The purpose of this experiment is to obtain the safe and effective concentration of Nitrous oxide in Emergency Department as use of analgesics and sedative drugs. METHODS: Twenty volunteers were investigated according to double blind method. Nitrous oxide was administrated to volunteer subjects at different concentrations ; 33%, 50%, 67% each. Then we evaluated the Pain score, Blood pressure, Heart rate, Respiratory rate, Oxygen saturation and its side effects. RESULTS: Pain Score were 8.4+/-2.1 at 33%, 6.1+/-1.5 at 50%, and 3.65+/-2.2 at 67% of Nitrous oxide. Pain Score is decreased significantly following administration of Nitrous oxide at concentration of 50%, 67%(P<0.05). There was no difference between preadministration group and postadministration group. While no remarkable change in systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. Respiratory rate showed significant increase when 679o of Nitrous oxide was administrated. There was no side effect in administration of 33% of Nitrous oxide. When 50% of Nitrous oxide was administrated, there were dizziness 5(25%), paresthesia 2(10%), nausea 1(5%), palpitation 1(5%) and hyperethesia 1(5%). At 679o of Nitrous oxide, there were nausea 7(35%), dizziness 6(30%), paresthesia 5(25%), headache 5(25%), diplopia 2(10%), dysphoria 2(10%), salivation 1(5%), dyspnea 1(5%), nystagmus 1(5%), tinnitus 1(5%) and euphoria1 (5%). Incidence of side effect increased as the concentration of Nitrous oxide was increased. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that safe and effective concentration of Nitrous oxide is 50% as analgesics and sedative drugs in the emergency department.
Analgesics ; Blood Pressure ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Double-Blind Method ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Incidence ; Nausea ; Nitrous Oxide* ; Oxygen ; Paresthesia ; Respiratory Rate ; Salivation ; Tinnitus ; Unconsciousness ; Volunteers