No abstract available.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Facial Asymmetry*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Facial Asymmetry*

Purpose: : This study aimed to identify post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout experienced by healthcare providers who cared for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their influencing factors. Methods: : Data were collected from 135 healthcare providers who cared for patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary general hospital from June 8 to September 2, 2021, using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe’s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were used for analysis using SPSS/WIN 27.0. Results: : Participants’ average PTSD score was 9.31 ± 11.80, and 8.9% were in the high-risk group. Participants’ average burnout score was 51.77±21.28, and 62.2% were at high risk. PTSD scores differed significantly according to participants’ age, education, job, position, and current workplace. Burnout scores differed significantly according to their age, gender, marital status, parental status, and education. There was positive correlation between participants’ PTSD and burnout. The factors influencing participants’ PTSD were term of self-isolation and age (R2=.09). There were no significant influencing factors on participants’ burnout. Conclusion : This study reconfirmed that healthcare providers who cared for patients with COVID-19 experienced both PTSD and burnout, suggesting that interventions are needed such as regular pre-training or simulation training and establishing a support system.

PURPOSE: The study was done to identify factors influencing the sleep of elderly women. METHODS: Data were collected by questionnaires from 203 elderly women in Seoul and Gyeong-gi province. Measures were physical health state, family support, life satisfaction, sleep, depression, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 13.0 version. RESULTS: The mean score for sleep for elderly women was 39.04. Sleep for elderly women according to religion, education level, spouses, and monthly income showed significant differences. Sleep for elderly women showed significantly positive correlations to physical health state, family support, life satisfaction, and quality of life. The significant factors influencing sleep of elderly women were physical health state, family support, depression, and quality of life, which explained about 70.4% of the variance. The strongest factors influencing the sleep was physical health state. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that in developing nursing interventions and practice for sleep pattern of elderly women spouses and family support should be considered.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Depression ; Family Relations ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; *Sleep ; Women/*psychology

Discrete radiofrequency lesion at the atrial insertion site of the tendon of Todaro in the perfused rabbit preparation lengthens A-H interval, mimicking fast pathway input ablation. This study attempts to define the cellular electrophysiology of the ablation region prior to and after the elimination of fast AV node conduction. In six superfused rabbit AV node preparations, the cellular electrophysiology around the region of the atrial insertion to the tendon of Todaro was recorded using standard microelectrode technique prior to and after ablation. Before ablation, the action potentials recorded in the area of proposed lesion were exclusively from atrial or AN cells. At postablation, the superior margin of the lesion was populated with atrial or AN cells. AN, N, or NH cells bordered the lower part of the lesion. Electrophysiology of surviving cells at the edges of the lesion showed no significant changes in their Vmax, APD50 or APD90 and MDP from preablation values. Fast AV node pathway input ablation in the rabbit heart can be accomplished with a singular lesion around the atrial insertion site of the tendon of Todaro, involving atrial or AN cells. The results of the studies imply that inputs to the compact node may act as a substrate for successful ablation of AV node reentry tachycardia.
Action Potentials/physiology ; Animal ; Atrioventricular Node/surgery* ; Atrioventricular Node/physiology ; Atrioventricular Node/cytology* ; Catheter Ablation/methods* ; Electrophysiology ; Rabbits ; Recovery of Function ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular/surgery ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular/physiopathology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a home based exercise program for patients with stomach cancer who were undergoing oral chemotherapy. METHODS: The home-based exercise program was developed from the study findings of Winningham (1990) and data from the Korea Athletic Promotion Association (2007). The home-based exercise program consisted of 8 weeks of individual exercise education and exercise adherence strategy. Participants were 24 patients with stomach cancer who were undergoing oral chemotherapy following surgery in 2007 or 2008 at a university hospital in Seoul. Patients were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (11) or control group (13). The effects of the home-based exercise program were measured by level of cancer related fatigue, NK cell ratio, anxiety, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 13.0 version. RESULTS: The degree of cancer related fatigue and anxiety in the experimental group decreased compared to the control group. The NK cell ratio and the degree of quality of life of experimental group increased while that of the control group decreased. CONCLUSION: This study result indicate the importance of exercise and provide empirical evidence for continuation of safe exercise for patients with cancer during their chemotherapy.
Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Anxiety ; *Exercise Therapy ; Fatigue ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Program Evaluation ; Quality of Life ; Stomach Neoplasms/*drug therapy/surgery ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The purpose of this test was to investigate the changes of serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels during a one-year gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment in central precocious puberty (CPP) girls. METHODS: From 2007 to 2009, 26 girls were enrolled in this study. They were diagnosed as having central precocious puberty and were treated with GnRHa (leuprolide actete) for one year. Their height, bone age, and serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were evaluated every six months. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, their mean serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were 302.90+/-102.54 ng/mL and 3,103.58+/-705.08 ng/mL, respectively. At six month after treatment, the serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were slightly decreased. One year later, IGF-1 concentrations were higher than before treatment and IGFBP-3 levels were lower (P=NS). This result, however, was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Gonadal suppression with gonadotropin releasing hormones inversely influenced circulating IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels. However, the serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were maintained at relatively steady levels, preserving a normal height velocity.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Gonads ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Puberty, Precocious

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in children from low-income families in Gunpo and to evaluate whether economic status affects the prevalence of obesity. METHODS: Between October 2007 and March 2008 , 341 children (167 girls and 174 boys; age, 6 to 13 years) were enrolled in this study. All these children came from families who earned minimum wages and who were supported by government. We measured height, weight, and blood pressure and performed laboratory examinations, including total cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using weight and height. We compared the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in children from low-income families with the prevalence of these maladies found in other studies. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity (BMI> or =95th) was 7.1%. Prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 8.2% and 16.7%, respectively. In the obese group, prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 25.0% and 45.8%, respectively. Obesity and hyperlipidemia were slightly more frequent in our study than those found in other reports, and the prevalence of hypertension in the obese group was very high compared with statistics from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (25% vs. 19.5%) and those from other reports. CONCLUSION: Low-income status was associated with an increased incidence of obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Hypertension showed an especially strong association with economic status, which seemed to correlate with genetic, environmental, and dietary effects.
Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cholesterol ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Lipoproteins ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Porphyrins ; Prevalence ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Triglycerides

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify degrees of fatigue and influencing factors for fatigue in cancer patients. METHOD: Data was collected by questionnaires from 115 cancer patients at 3 hospitals in Seoul. The research instruments utilized in this study were fatigue, physical symptoms, depression, family support, and health promoting behaviors. Data was analyzed using the pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 12.0. RESULT: The mean score of fatigue for cancer patients was 12.90(range: 6-36). Fatigue for cancer patients according to age group and weight change showed a significant difference. Fatigue for cancer patients showed a significantly positive correlation to physical symptoms and depression. There was a negative correlation between family support and health promoting behaviors. The significant factors influencing fatigue for cancer patients were physical symptoms, health promoting behaviors, depression, and age group, which explained about 45.9%. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that symptoms and depression management, nursing interventions and practices for providing health promoting behaviors according to age are needed to manage the fatigue in cancer patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Attitude to Health ; Demography ; Fatigue/*etiology ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Nursing ; Neoplasms/*complications/nursing ; Questionnaires