BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and characteristics of needlestick/sharps injuries (NSIs) in nursing students in Korea. METHODS: The study was based on a survey of questionnaires completed by 341 nursing students who had sustained at least one NSI during clinical practice in hospitals. RESULTS: The NSI incidence rate was 36.4%. Approximately half of the students reported two to four NSIs. Most (90.2%) of the NSIs occurred on the fingertips and were caused by a hollow-bore needle (46.8%) or lancet (45.8%). Some students were exposed to used needles contaminated with unknown pathogens (37.3%), HBs Ag (2.3%), Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) (0.8%), or HIV (0.6%). Students cited the reason for injury as carelessness, inexperience, hastiness, or recapping. Almost two-thirds of students who reported having experienced an NSI knew about post-exposure treatment. However, only one-third of the students with NSIs completed an official report. CONCLUSION: Korean nursing students lack knowledge about injury prevention, report procedures, and treatment after NSI. A revised educational approach with emphasis on occupational risk, skill development, and injury reporting is necessary to prevent NSI and to ensure that students obtain post-exposure prophylaxis.
Dietary Sucrose ; HIV ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Needles ; Needlestick Injuries ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Students, Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This is case report of true class III malocclusion with macroglossia is corrected by glossectomy in 13 years female patient. After orthodontic treatment, the patient is bound to glossectomy because the corrected condition is relapsed to the previous condition due to relatively enlarged tongue compared with the original dental arch. By the interpretation of the cephalogram and model analysis, it is approved that the growth pattern and direction are normal range and mandible is located anterioly to the cranium. The results are follows: 1. We could treat the true Cl III malocclusion. 2. We could prevent the relapse of the treated condition by the surgical intervention, such as partial glossectomy. 3. Sensory, speech, swallowing and so other functions after the operation have been with in normal limit without any serious complications or seguellae.
Deglutition ; Dental Arch ; Female ; Glossectomy ; Humans ; Macroglossia* ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Skull ; Tongue

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets*

In Asia, mammography following the injection of foreign materials into the breasts for cosmetic augmentation is frequently seen and diagnosis based on the typical radiologic findings is straightforward. We report the unusual radiologic findings in two patients with foreign body granulomas caused by injected foreign materials and discovered incidentally during screening work up. The mammographic findings were bilateral, hyperdense, spiculated masses, with occasional microcalcification, and at sonography, markedly hypoechoic, spiculated solid masses, located near the pectoralis muscle and partly extending into it, were observed. These radiologic findings mimicked malignancy.
Breast Neoplasms/radiography ; Case Report ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Esthetics ; Female ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/etiology/*radiography/*ultrasonography ; Human ; Injections/adverse effects ; Mammography ; Middle Age ; Paraffin

OBJECTIVE: The study was performed to evaluate whether thallium reinjection (RI) distinguishes viable from nonviable myocardium among myocardial segments which showed persistent perfusion defect (PD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 22 patients underwent PTCA after AMI. SPECT was performed in all patients using dipyridamole stress- 4 hour redistribution (RD) followed by 24 hour RI protocols. Dysfunctional segs were classified into 5 groups: 1) normal, 2) reversible, 3) mild to moderate PD, 4) severe PD and 5) reverse redistribution (RR). All patients underwent follow up echocardiography after 4 months to assess regional wall motion (WM) improvement such as a criteria of viable myocardium. RESULTS: A total of 127 segs with abnormal WM was analyzed. Of 74 segs with PD, 17 (23%) showed enhanced uptake after 24 hour RI. Five of 17 segs (29%) with PD that responded to RI with enhanced thallium uptake showed WM improvement. WM improvement were seen in the 24 of 57 segs (42%) not responding to RI. All four segs (100%) with RR that responded to RI showed improvement. WM improvement were not seen in the 5 of 8 segs (71%) with RR not responding to thallium RI. Eleven (73%) of 15 segs with mild-moderate PD after RI showed improvement, but 33% of segs with severe PD after RI did not showed improvement. Segs with mild-moderate PD after RI and fill in after RI showed improvement in comparison to segs with severe PD after RI(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that because only small proportion of PD showed further perfusion improvement after RI and predictive value by the uptake after RI was low, there was limited role of RI after myocardial infarction. Usefulness of RI could be found in segs showing RR responding to RI in AMI reflects viable myocardium.
Dipyridamole ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Thallium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

A case of clear cell adenocarcinoma arising in the female urinary bladder, which is accompanied by endometriosis of the urinary bladder and the uterus, is reported. The carcinoma protruded into the vesical lumen as a fungating mass, and had a tubulocyotic pattern. The tumor cell had intracytoplasmic glycogen and electron microscopically short microvilli on their surface, resembling clear cell acenocarcinoma of the female genital tract including ovary. This is the fourth case report of clear cell adenocarcinoma complicating vesical endometriosis, and may support the view that clear cell carcinome arises from endometriosis which, in turn, from the Mullerian remnant.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

A case of clear cell adenocarcinoma arising in the female urinary bladder, which is accompanied by endometriosis of the urinary bladder and the uterus, is reported. The carcinoma protruded into the vesical lumen as a fungating mass, and had a tubulocyotic pattern. The tumor cell had intracytoplasmic glycogen and electron microscopically short microvilli on their surface, resembling clear cell acenocarcinoma of the female genital tract including ovary. This is the fourth case report of clear cell adenocarcinoma complicating vesical endometriosis, and may support the view that clear cell carcinome arises from endometriosis which, in turn, from the Mullerian remnant.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

3 cases of orbital tumors were presented, which were confined respectively as papillary adenocarcinoma, pseudotumor and mixed tumor in the histopathological findings. CASE 1: Papillary adenocarcinoma had been noticed in the left eye of a 66-year-old woman from about 4 months previously. Visual acuity was 0(O.D.), 0.3(1.2)(O.S.) and left eye ball was almost protruded out of the orbit. There was a coin-lesion, which was considered metastatic lesion from the eye, in the right upper lung field. Evisceration of the orbit which was almostly destroyed was performed successfully. No incidence of recurrence can be disclosed untill now, 16 months after surgery, and lost in follow up. CASE 2: Pseudotumor was developed in the left eye of a 33-year-old male. Visual acuity was 0.06(O.S), 1.2(O.D.). Severe choked disc and optic nerve atrophy were showed. Exophthalmometry: 24mm(0.5.), 18mm(0.D.). It was necessitated evisceration of the orbit because of the tumor was placed in the almost entire orbital space. Follow up study were impossibJe. CASE 3: In the left eye of a 51-year-old woman, mixed tumor had been developed from about 8 years previously. Visual acuity was 1.0(O.S.) and F.L.P.(O.D.), exophthalmometry: 13mm(O.U.). Surgical removal was successful and lost in follow up.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; Adult ; Aged ; Atrophy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Recurrence ; Visual Acuity

3 cases of orbital tumors were presented, which were confined respectively as papillary adenocarcinoma, pseudotumor and mixed tumor in the histopathological findings. CASE 1: Papillary adenocarcinoma had been noticed in the left eye of a 66-year-old woman from about 4 months previously. Visual acuity was 0(O.D.), 0.3(1.2)(O.S.) and left eye ball was almost protruded out of the orbit. There was a coin-lesion, which was considered metastatic lesion from the eye, in the right upper lung field. Evisceration of the orbit which was almostly destroyed was performed successfully. No incidence of recurrence can be disclosed untill now, 16 months after surgery, and lost in follow up. CASE 2: Pseudotumor was developed in the left eye of a 33-year-old male. Visual acuity was 0.06(O.S), 1.2(O.D.). Severe choked disc and optic nerve atrophy were showed. Exophthalmometry: 24mm(0.5.), 18mm(0.D.). It was necessitated evisceration of the orbit because of the tumor was placed in the almost entire orbital space. Follow up study were impossibJe. CASE 3: In the left eye of a 51-year-old woman, mixed tumor had been developed from about 8 years previously. Visual acuity was 1.0(O.S.) and F.L.P.(O.D.), exophthalmometry: 13mm(O.U.). Surgical removal was successful and lost in follow up.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; Adult ; Aged ; Atrophy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Recurrence ; Visual Acuity

The nutritional status of 362 elderly men and women in Chung-bud area was evaluated in terms of their nutrient intakes, biochemical and anthrophometric measurements by interviews with questionnaires from August to October 1996. Mean intake of all nutrients except ascorbic acid did not meet the RDA for this sample. Protein, vit A, reboflavin, calcium were the most likely to be deficient on the basis of propotions of elderly consuming less than 75% of the RDA. The subjects nutrient intake was significantly affected by gender, marital status, number of family, family composition, educational level, pocket money, and region. Men in rural areas and women over 75 in urban areas were the most vulnerable groups with nutritional deficiency. According to serum biochemical indices, mean level of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, total protein, albumin and iron belonged to normal range but mean level of HDL showed below the normal range. More elderly men and women in urban areas showed a higher percentage of abormal level of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL than those in rural areas. More elderly men and women in rural areas had abnormal levels of RBC, Hematocrit and hemoglobin compared to those in urban areas. Mean height and weight of elderly men was 161.4cm and 56.2Kg, respectively and 149.1cm and 50.5kg for women. The elderly in rural areas were taller than those in urban areas but had less weight, MAC, TSF, MAMC. Mean BMI of this sample belonged to normal range. However, the elderly in rural areas had a higher rate of underweight and lower for overweight than those in urban areas. The elderly in urban areas had higher blood pressure than those in rural areas.
Aged* ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium ; Cholesterol ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Marital Status ; Nutritional Status* ; Overweight ; Reference Values ; Thinness ; Triglycerides ; Surveys and Questionnaires