Authors experienced a rare adenocarcinoma arising in presacral sacrococcygeal teratoma in a adult and herein reported. The patient was a 52 year old female admitted because of lower abdominal pain for 5 to 6 months. Past and familial history were unremarkable. On rectal examination a mass was palpated 3 cm above the anal verge. The large bowel was displaced by an extrinsic mass but there was no evidence of intrinsic tumor lesion on barium enema, CT was done and showed a large presacral tumor attached to the sacrum. Clinical impression was sacrococcygeal teratoma. Resected tumor mass was a relatively well circumscribed cystic mass, measuring 11 x 11 cm and the cystic content was previously evacuated. Inner surface showed ragged appearance, and focal nodular solid area was noted. On microscopic examination, the tumor revealed the derivatives of three germ layers and main components were tissues of respiratory tract. Sections from the solid area showed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma and with stromal, capsular and perineural invasion. Borderline malignant epithelial lesions are also noted suggesting the pathogenesis and progression of this tumor. There was no recurrence for one year after surgery in the follow up.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

Since introduction of venous flap in 1980, many experimental studies and clinical applications of various kinds of venous flaps were reported. Venous flap has the following advantages : (1) nonbulky and goo-quality of flap (2) long & large vascular pedicle (3) easy & rapid elevation of flap (4) no sacrifice of major arteries (5) a single operative field. But, we also have some disadvantages of difficult handling of the pliable veins and the tmcertainty of flap survival. For the better result we had to design the size of the flap larger than that of defect and increase the number of draining vein to reduce the postoperative edema of the flap. We have treated the defects of soft tissue of the hand using free arterialized venous flap from the flexor aspect of the forearm & had an excellent results.
Arteries ; Edema ; Forearm ; Hand* ; Veins ; Wounds and Injuries*

A retrospective analysis was performed on 53 patients with brain malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme treated with surgical resection and postoperative radiotherapy in the period between January 1980 and June 1991. There were 13 patients with malignant astrocytoma, 40 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Survival rates were analyzed according to histologic grade, age, performance states, extent of surgical resection, tumor location, symptom duration, total radiation dose and addition of chemotherapy after radiation therapy. 5 year actuarial survival rate for malignant astrocytoma was 29.4%, for glioblastoma multiforme was 2.8%. Histologic grade, age, performance status, total radiation dose were statistitically significant prognostic factors.
Astrocytoma* ; Brain ; Drug Therapy ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans ; Radiotherapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Maxillary sinus cancers usually are locally advanced and involve the structures around sinus. It is uncommon for this cancer to spread to the regional lymphnodes. For this reason, local control is of paramount important for cure. A policy of combined treatment is generally accepted as the most effective means of enhancing cure rates. This paper reports our experience of a retrospective study of 31 patients treated with radiation therapy alone and combination therapy of surgery and radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between July 1974 and January 1992, 47 patients with maxillary sinus cancers underwent either radiation therapy alone or combination therapy of surgery and radiation. Of these, only 31 patients were eligible for analysis. The distribution of clinical stage by the AJCC system was 26%(8/31) for T2 and 74%(23/31) for T3 and T4. Eight patients had palpable lymphadenopathy at diagnosis. Primary site was treated by Cobalt-60 radiation therapy using through a 45degree wedge-pair technique. Elective neck irradiation was not routinely given. Of these 8 patients, the six who had clinically involved nodes were treated with definite radiation therapy. The other two patients had received radical neck dissection. The twenty-two patients were treated with radiation alone and 9 patients were treated with combination radiation therapy. The RT alone patients with RT dose less than 60 Gy were 9 and those above 60 Gy were 13. RESULTS: The overall 5 year survival rate was 23.8%. The 5 year survival rate by T-stage was 60.5% and 7.9% for T2 and T3, 4 respectively. Statistical significance was found by T-stage (p<0.005). The 5 year survival rate by N-stage was 30% for N(-) and 8.3% for N(+), but statistically no significant difference was seen(p30.1). The 5 year survival rate for RT alone and combination RT was 22.5% and 27.4%, respectively. The primary local control rate was 65%(20/31). CONCLUSION: This study did not show significant difference in survival between RT alone and combination RT. There is still much controversy with regard to which treatment is optimum. Improved RT technique and development of multimodality treatment are essential to improve the local control and the survival rate in patients with advanced maxillary sinus cancer.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms* ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

A spinal epidural hemangioma is rare. In this case, a 51 year-old female patient had low back pain and right thigh numbness. She was initially misdiagnosed as having a ruptured disc with possible sequestration of granulation tissue formation due to the limited number of spinal epidural hemangiomas and little-known radiological findings. Because there are no effective diagnostic tools to verify the hemangioma, more effort should be put into preoperative imaging tests to avoid misdiagnosis and poor decisions).
Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Granulation Tissue ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Low Back Pain ; Thigh

PURPOSE: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. METHODS: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. RESULTS: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). CONCLUSION: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.
Anxiety ; Aromatherapy ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Research Design

PURPOSE: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. METHODS: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. RESULTS: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). CONCLUSION: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.
Anxiety ; Aromatherapy ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Research Design

N,N-Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) has been proved to have carcinogenic potential in the initiation or promotion stage and the transformed cells proliferate to form preneoplastic nodules which are positive for placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P). E-Cadherin, a member of the cadherin family, is expressed in epithelial cells. To evaluate the role of adhesion molecules (E-Cadherin, alpha-catenin, and beta-catenin), which have not been well understood in carcinogenesis, we investigated the changes of E-cadherin, alpha-Catenin and beta-Catenins by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis of rat liver. In addition, the sequential analysis of histopathology and the expression of GST-P were also examined. Immunoreactive areas for GST-P were gradually increased from early period of carcinogenesis and strong GST-P positive foci were noted in various lesions, especially in the clear cell and eosinophilic cell nodules. Immunohistochemically, the E-Cadherin expression was increased in DEN-treated preneoplastic nodules in 4 and 10 weeks and hepatocellular carcinomas displayed relatively reduced expression compared with the hyperplastic nodules. But alpha- and beta-catenin expression was increased in hyperplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas. Immunoblotting studies revealed that the level of alpha-catenin (cytosol and membranous fraction) was overexpressed in hyperplastic nodules as well as hepatocellular carcinomas, which showed markedly increased expression. The membranous fraction of beta-catenin was markedly increased in 10 weeks of DEN treatment and slightly reduced in hepatocellular carcinomas. These findings suggest that during DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, the clear cell and eosinophilic cell nodules expressing GST-P in their cytoplasm are early transformed cell nodules. The altered expression of E-Cadherin and catenins is closely related with tumor propagation. Loss or reduced expression of E-cadherin may play a role in the progression of late hyperplastic nodule to hepatocellular carcinoma in DEN-induced rat hepato carcinogenesis.
alpha Catenin ; Animals ; beta Catenin ; Cadherins* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Catenins* ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; Epithelial Cells ; Glutathione Transferase* ; Glutathione* ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Astrocytoma* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Drug Therapy*