No abstract available.
Animals ; Killer Cells, Natural* ; Mice*

OBJECTIVES: The dopamine-blocking effects and the associated side effects(amenorrhea, lactation, sexual dysfunct of classical antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients have been studied for a long time. The purpose of this study to find out these effects of new antipsychotics(risperidone, olanzapine) in schizophrenic patients treated with clinical relevant doses. METHOD: Plasma levels of both prolactin and testosterone were measured in 91 schizophrenic patients(28 taking haloperidol, 4-20mg/day ; 31 taking risperidone, 2-6mg/day/ 32 taking olanzapine, 5-20mg/day). RESULTS: In male schizophrenic patients, the prolactin levels of risperidone group(76.44+/-38.85ng/ml) and haloperidol group(60.26+/-20.74ng/ml) had no significant difference, but were significantly higher than that of olanzapine(26.90+/-5.36ng/ml). In female, the prolactin level of olanzapine group(36.66+/-17.55) was significantly lower than those of risperidone(121.7+/-.33) and haloperidol group(161.66+/-37.53). And prolactin level of risperdone group was lower than that of haloperidol group. While the testosterone plasma level of risperidone, haloperidol and olanzapine in both male and female schizophrenic patients had no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: At doses known to be effective in popular clinical setting, prolactin level in patients taking risperidone we higher than that of haloperidol, while olanzapine showed no significant difference in terms of prolactin plasma level haloperidol. New antipsychotics may not influence the testosterone plasma level.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Female ; Haloperidol ; Humans ; Lactation ; Male ; Plasma ; Prolactin* ; Risperidone ; Testosterone*

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) that histologically resembles nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma has been reported in various sites including the stomach, salivary gland, lung, skin, thymus, tonsil and uterine cervix. LELC of the stomach was rarely reported after the first report by Burke et al. in 1990. More than 60% of them were associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Most commonly affecting elderly Asians with slight male predominance (M/F ; 1.2/1), it usually is located in the proximal portion of the stomach and distinguished from lymphoid-rich adenocarcinoma by the absence of definitive glandular differentiation in the LELC. We recently experienced 4 cases of LELC of the stomach associated with EBV. Patients consisted of two Korean females and two Korean males with one in 3rd decade, one in 5th decade and two in 6th decade. The tumors of all cases were located in the proximal portion of the stomach. Gross types were 1 Borrman type I, 2 Borrman type II and 1 early gastric carcinoma type IIc. The size of the tumors varied from 0.8 cm to 7 cm. Microscopic findings were similar in all 4 tumors.; The tumors were composed of syncytial nests of undifferentiated cells having vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, admixed with abundant lymphoplasma cell infiltration in the stroma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were reactive for cytokeratin and the stromal lymphocytes were mostly T cells. There were dark hybridization signals in the nuclei of most of the tumor cells but no signals in the stromal lymphocytes in three cases on in situ PCR hybridization and on all cases PCR amplification for EBNA-1. It is concluded that LELCs of the stomach have distinctive histologic characteristics and the usual association with EBV. Further accumulation of these cases will define the prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Keratins ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Palatine Tonsil ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Salivary Glands ; Skin ; Stomach* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland

BACKGROUND: Fast eating or overeating can induce gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis. However, the association between gastritis and speed of eating is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether eating speed is associated with increased risk of endoscopic erosive gastritis (EEG). METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study involving 10,893 adults who underwent a general health checkup between 2007 and 2009. Two groups, EEG patients and EEG-free patients, were compared by using the t-test and the chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between eating speed and EEG. RESULTS: The group with EEG had a higher proportion of males, average age, body mass index, and percentages of current smokers and risky drinkers than those without EEG. After adjusting for anthropometric, social, and endoscopic parameters, the group with the highest eating speed (<5 min/meal) had 1.7 times higher risk for EEG than the group with the lowest eating speed (> or =15 min/meal) (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.45). CONCLUSION: High eating speed is an independent risk factor for EEG. Our results indicate the need for further studies to clarify the role of eating speed in gastritis.
Adult* ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Eating* ; Electroencephalography ; Feeding Behavior ; Gastritis* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Aflatoxin B1* ; Aflatoxins* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Humans*

Patients with hepatolithiasis have complicated clinical features. Many patients have bilobar involvement and biliary strictures at multiple levels are frequently observed. Treatment of hepatolithiasis should be individualized according to the underlying condition. We reviewed the therapeutic results for hepatolithiasis in 81 patients. Forty-three patients (53.1%) underwent partial resection of the liver, and 38 received non-resectional treatment. Abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant was the most common symptom and history of cholangitis was confirmed in 24 patients (29.6%). Intrahepatic stones were located in the left side of the liver in 40 patients, and 31 patients had stones in both sides of the liver. Left lateral segmentectomy was the most commonly used operation (n=31); other types of hepatic resection were segmentectomy of the right lobe (n=8), left lobectomy (n=3), and right lobectomy (n=1). For the drainage of the biliary outflow, we carried out hepaticojejunostomy with subcutaneous jejunostomy in 14 patients and choledochoduodenostomy in 8 patients. All patients underwent cholangiography and percutaneous choledochoscopic examination post-operatively to confirm the absence of residual stones. Residual stones were detected in 8 patients (6 with biliary drainage alone, 2 with hepatic resection). There was no operation-related mortality. The mean value of the operative time was longer in the patients receiving hepatic resection (216 min. versus 187 min.). There were no significant differences in terms of post-operative complications (6 with biliary drainage alone, 8 with hepatic resection) or hospital stay between the patients who received hepatic resection and those who received non-resectional treatment. In conclusion, partial resection of a diseased liver is an effective treatment for hepatolithiasis in selected patients and does not increase peri-operative morbidities.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholangiography ; Cholangitis ; Choledochostomy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Humans ; Jejunostomy ; Length of Stay ; Liver* ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Mortality ; Operative Time

Although fibromas are the most common renal medullary tumor identified at autopsy. their small sized and benign course make clinical detection extremely difficult. Only 9 clinical cases of renal medullary fibromas have been reported. Many fibromas of the renal medulla, previously considered as bamahomas. seemed to be composed of tumerous transformation of renomedullary interstitial calls Herein we report on a patient with huge renal medullary fibroma treated by right radical nephrectomy.
Autopsy ; Brain Stem Neoplasms ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Nephrectomy

PURPOSE: The incidence of malignancy in kidney transplantation recipient was increased in accordance with the prolonged graft survival due to a development of new immunosuppressive agents. The malignancy is not only lethal to the patients but also imposed the major cause of morbidity and mortality. We analyzed 1) the relationship between the kidney transplanted patients who was operated in our hospital and type of malignancy of them after transplantation 2) treatment and prevention via analysis of risk factors of malignancy after transplantation. METHODS: The retrospective analysis was performed in 10 patients with malignancy among the 916 patients who underwent kidney transplantation in our hospital from 1990 to 1999 and the 3 patients with malignancy who underwent kidney transplantation in other hospital and followed up in our hospital. RESULTS: In 916 renal transplant patients, 885 patients were the CsA-based group and the other 31 patients were tacrolimus-based group. In the 13 malignancy patients, 12 were CsA-based group and the other 1 patient was tacrolimus-based group . Mean duration of tumor occurrence after transplantation was 36.2 month (5-80 month). There were 4 squamous epithelial cancer, 2 post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), 2 Kaposi's sarcoma, 2 gastric cancer and 1 breast cancer. There was no difference of interval for tumor development among diverse malignancy. We could not find any predisposing factors for tumor occurrence in this short term observation. CONCLUSION: Even though there were some epithelial and gastrointestinal tract cancer patients after renal transplantation, there were no specific risk factors which increase the incidence of cancer in immunocompromised patient save the locally endemic occurrence such as GI malignancy.
Breast Neoplasms ; Causality ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Stomach Neoplasms

Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare disease which arises from the mesothelial lining cells in the peritoneum and spreads to the peritoneal wall, omentum and other abdomina1 organs. Aabestos is one etiologic factor and the other factors are genetic cause, radiation, exposure to toxic materials and recurrent yeritonitis. We experienced a case of multiple small nodular peritoneal mesothelioma after exposure to asbestos for over 20 years. He was a sailor and had worked in the engine department of the ship, in which he wrapped up the pipe of engine in asbestos. This person came to our hospital because of inconvenience due to a distended abdomen. Tumor markers were all within normal limits and there was no evidence of tuberculosis in the abdomen and chest. The CT findings of the abdomen were as follows: There was abundant ascites in the abdominal cavity and multiple small nodules on the parietal peritoneum and especially on the lower abdomen. The omentum thickened diffusely. It was difficult to distinguish from peritoneal mesothelioma and peritoneal carcinomatosis or intestinal tuberculosis. The laparoscopic findings were as follows: There were multiple small nodules on the parietal peritoneum and omentum. The small nodules were a gray white color and uneven compared to tuberculous peritonitis. Therefore, we observed the malignant mesothelial cells by means of the light microscope and electron microscope and concluded that this case was peritoneal mesothelioma.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Cavity ; Asbestos ; Ascites ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Mesothelioma* ; Military Personnel ; Omentum ; Peritoneum ; Peritonitis, Tuberculous ; Rare Diseases ; Ships ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor

The authora have had contact with 951 cases of surgery of the lower extremities receiving various kinds of anesthtic methods and these cases were analyzed at the department of Anesthesiology, Ewha Womans University Hospital during the 7 year period from January 1970 to December 1982. The result are as follows: 1) There is a trend towards increasing numbers of operations annually. 2) The most common age group was 3rd decade(24%) 3) Ratio of males to females was 2:1. 4) Class I of physical status(ASA) was most common(61.2%) 5) For premedication, meperidine and atropine sulfate were commonly used(32.9%). 6) In the section of surgery, Orthopedic surgery is most common(90.4%) 7) General anesthesia was the most commonly used technique(69.8%) 8) Most cases ended within 2 hours(60.1%)
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesiology ; Atropine ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity* ; Male ; Meperidine ; Orthopedics ; Premedication