No abstract available.
Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Humans* ; Mice* ; Uterus*

No abstract available.
Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Fetal Death*

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Kidney*

Between 1977 and 1987, 20 patients with mesothelioma were treated at Severance Hospital. Data was gathered from medical charts at the time of hospitalization of mesothelioma patients and from a follow-up questionnaire by mail or telephone. The results acquired were as follows: 1. Among the 20 patients, 11 men and 9 women with mesothelioma were identified. The mean age at hospitalization was 47 years and 11 mesothelioma patients were known or presumed to be dead during the different observation periods. 2. Only one mesothelioma patient had a definite history of occupational asbestos exposure. 3. The sites of orgin of mesothelioma were the pleura(13), peritoneum(2), pericardium(2), mediastinum(2), and pelvis(1). Common symptoms included dyspnea, chest pain, abdominal distension, etc. 4. Pathologically, mesotheliomas were divided into 14 malignant types and 6 benign types ; and histologically, 8 fibrous mesotheliomas and 3 epithelial mesotheliomas were shown. 5. There was a statistically significant difference in survival rate according to pathologic type and smoking status. In the groups with malignant mesothelioma, 50% survival time from first symptoms was 18 months and that from diagnosis was 11 months. Also, 75% survival time from diagnosis was 6 months in the smoking groups and 19 months in the non-smoking groups.
Asbestos ; Chest Pain ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma* ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural ; Survival Analysis* ; Survival Rate ; Telephone

Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) that catalyzed the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide and L-citrulline play a role in ischemic-reperfusion injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the expression patterns of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS in the rat tibialis anterior and soleus muscles after multiple cyclic episodes of ischemic preconditioning (IP). Nine weeks old male SD rats were divided into control and IP groups. The IP group was further divided into 3 groups based on cycle of IP. For IP, left commom iliac artery was occluded 3, 6 and 10 times for 5 minutes ischemia followed by 5 minutes reperfusion using rodent vascular clamps. The animals were sacrificed at 0, 3, 6, 24 and 72 hours of reperfusion and the left tibialis anterior and soleus muscles were removed. The expression of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS were examined with immunohistochemical methods and Western blot analysis. IP increased the expression of nNOS, compared with the control. In the tibialis anterior muscle, the levels of nNOS in the 3IP and 6IP were higher than that in 10IP. IP increased the expression of iNOS, compared with the control, and the levels of iNOS in tibialis anterior muscle were higher than that in soleus muscle. The level of iNOS in the 10IP was higher than those in the 3IP and 6IP. IP increased the expression of eNOS, compared with the control, and the level of eNOS in soleus muscle were higher than that in tibialis anterior muscle. At 0 and 3 hours after reperfusion, the level of eNOS in 6IP and 10IP were higer than that in 3IP. In summary, these results suggest that the ischemic preconditioning increases the expression of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS, and 10 times of ischemic preconditioning may induce ischemic injury through upregulation of iNOS. And tibialis anterior muscle is more susceptabile to ischemic injury than soleus muscle.
Animals ; Arginine ; Blotting, Western ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Rodentia ; Up-Regulation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The traditional adenoidectomy using adenotome and adenoid curette could not guarantee a clear operative field due to bleeding. Also the traditional transoral adenoidectomy was not always effective in the complete removal of adenoid tissues obstructing the choana and surrounding the eustachian tube. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of using the electric suction coagulator for adenoidectomy. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study was completed by 60 patients who underwent adenoidectomy or adenoidectomy with ventilation tube insertion. For adenoidectomy, 30 cases were performed using the variable sized suction coagulator via nasal cavity and the other 30 were performed using the adenotome and adenoid curette with oral approach. The amount of intraoperative bleeding and the duration of surgery were recorded. A preoperative and a at least one-month post operative nasal endoscopic photograph and lateral skull radiograph were obtained. RESULTS: Intraoperative bleeding amount was less and less time was needed in suction coagulator method (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the postoperative endoscopic grade, adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio, and the shortest nasopharyngeal diameter between two groups. The postoperative improvement of subjective symptoms was not different. CONCLUSION: Adenoidectomy using transnasal suction coagulator is an effective method for complete removal of adenoid with the advantages of excellent visualization and complete hemostasis. Especially, the authors think that this method is useful for the removal of superior part of adenoid and peritubal adenoid tissue.
Adenoidectomy* ; Adenoids ; Electrocoagulation ; Eustachian Tube ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Skull ; Suction* ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The etiology of Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is uncertain, but viral infection and disturbance of blood circulation in the inner ear are suspected as the causes of the disease, and a stellate ganglion block (SGB) and antiviral agent (Acyclovir) have been used in its treatment. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of SGB and antiviral agent in the treatment of ISSHL and to find out appropriate patients to evaluate the therapeutic effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 193 patients (202 ears) who were admitted to the Presbyterian Medical Center from January 1994 to August 2000. Fifty-eight ears were treated with acyclovir and sixty nine ears were treated with SGB and seventy five ears were treated as a control group. RESULTS: The therapeutic result of SGB was better than that of control group and acyclovir had more effect on the subgroups when the initial hearing loss was 41dB~70dB. In the patients with initial hearing level worse than 71dB, the recovery rates were constant regardless of the group. And the patients who were treated after 8 days from the onset had analogic recovery rate to each remedy. CONCLUSION: The patients with the initial hearing level of worse than 71dB and who visited the clinic within 7days of the onset were found to be appropriate candidates for the evaluation of therapeutic effects of ISSHL and SGB. SGB was recommended for the treatment of ISSHL and antiviral agents for patients between the hearing levels of 410dB-70dB.
Acyclovir ; Antiviral Agents ; Blood Circulation ; Ear ; Ear, Inner ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Humans ; Protestantism ; Stellate Ganglion*