Compared with the earlier technique of dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) using 153Gd radionuclide source, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has advantages of higher precision, accuracy and shorter scanning time. Despite the change from DPA to DPX, the nuclear medicine physicians has remained one of major suplier of this service due to long-standing use of DPA. Among many kinds of bone densitometries, DXA is the "gold standard" for the noninvasive diagnosis of osteoporosis. Especially there is no role for peripheral devices in the monitoring of patients on therapy. But, there are some areas of controversy related to the application of DXA, such as proper site of measurement, accurate interpretation, appropriate use of T-score, and the reference population young database. And the accuracy, precision, and quality control issues relating to bone density measurement are important subjects. To address these issues, the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) has convened two Position Development Conferences and addressed official positions. This review deals the key elements of ISCD position paper and other important issues on the management of bone densitometry.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density* ; Congresses as Topic ; Densitometry ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nuclear Medicine ; Osteoporosis ; Quality Control

Radiosynovectomy has been used as an effective treatment in patients with resistant synovitis after failure of long-term medication and intraarticular steroid injection. Although 90Y silicate/citrate, 186Re sulfide, and 169Er citrate were approved in Europe for the appropriate radiopharmaceuticals for radiosynovectomy, other radionuclides such as 32P-chromic phosphate, 165Dy-ferric hydroxide macroaggregate, 188Rh-microspheres, 153Sm-particulate, and 166Ho-ferric hydroxide macroaggregate have been used in many countries. Reported success rates range from 40% to 90% for the different joints and underlying disease. In Korea, 188Re-tin-colloid and 166Ho-chitosan complex are now using as the major radionuclides in radiosynovectomy with good clinical results. A study on radiation synovectomy using 188Re-tin-colloid for patients with Korean rheumatoid arthritis shows the treatment resulted in the improvement of arthritis and well tolerated. In our study, the radiosynovectomy with 166Ho-chitosan complex in 53 hemophilic patients markedly decreased intra-articular bleeding frequency and need for coagulation factor. This review inculdes general priciples in the application of radiosynovectomy and the clinical experience in Korea.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Citric Acid ; Europe ; Hemophilia A ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Joints ; Korea ; Radioisotopes ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Synovitis

No abstract available.
Acceleration* ; Elbow Joint* ; Elbow* ; Relaxation*

Diffuse esophageal leiomyomatosis is a rare benign tumor, which can be associated with leiomyoma in female genital tracts involving the uterus, vagina, and vulva. Alport syndrome, an inherited disorder that includes the kidneys, eyes, and sensorineural hearing loss, is also rarely associated with these multiple leiomyomatosis. In our case, 18F-fluoroseoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was used to distinguish esophageal and genital leiomyomatosis from malignant masses.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*radiography/*radionuclide imaging ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/*radiography/*radionuclide imaging ; Humans ; Leiomyomatosis/*radiography/*radionuclide imaging ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography/*methods ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods

The false-positive FDG uptakes on head and neck areas are common due to benign lesion, iatrogenic and physiologic changes. The Schneiderian papilloma is uncommon benign tumor arising from the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. The findings of paranasal papilloma on conventional modality such as CT and MRI are non-specific and they could be confused with inflammatory polyp or retention cyst. Despite of benign tumor, the papilloma usually shows locally aggressive growth with malignant potential, therefore the FDG can be actively accumulated in this lesion. We describe the case of 18F-FDG PET/CT finding in a 77-year-old woman who demonstrates oncocytic papilloma in maxillary sinus.
Aged ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Head ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Papilloma ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Polyps ; Retention (Psychology)

It may be difficult to establish laboratory information system(LIS) on radioimmunoassay works, which may result in many technical problems on computerization. Recently we have developed integrated information system in the radioimmunoassay works of endocrine laboratory in Kyung Hee Medical center. We have used VAX-6510 with 64 MB main memory and VAX-6210 with 32 MB main memory (DEC; Digital Equipment INC) which are main computers of the hospital. Additional devices were only 4 terminals and 4 printers in the laboratory and the office. This system has measurably changed the allocation of technologists' time and effort, the number of the clerical support staff in the laboratory and the speed and accuracy of laboratory response. And physicians could easily obtain and compare the patients' current and past laboratory results with computerization. In this article we have focused on experience gained in the automation of radioimmunoassay works of endocrine laboratory. The authors suggest that this computerized system of endocrine laboratory could provide a progressive approach to total LIS and it could serve as a model for other hospitals.
Automation ; Clinical Laboratory Information Systems* ; Information Systems ; Memory ; Radioimmunoassay*

The use of epidural injection of local anesthetics with steroid for the treatment of back pain and sciatica is a widely used procedure. There have been several reports about spinal cord compression by granuloma or fibrous mass related to intrathecal or epidural morphine injection. There have been also some reports about arachnoiditis after epidural injection of steroid. However, there have been no reports regarding dural sac or nerve root compression by fibrous mass after epidural steroid injections. We would report a case of dural sac and nerve root compression secondary to the formation of fibrous mass in the lumbar epidural space after epidural steroid and local anesthetic injections. In this case, the characteristic radiologic findings before and after epidural injection therapy and clinical progress were documented.
Anesthetics, Local ; Arachnoid ; Arachnoiditis ; Back Pain ; Epidural Space ; Granuloma ; Injections, Epidural ; Morphine ; Radiculopathy ; Sciatica ; Spinal Cord Compression

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlations between distal radius BMD and other skeletal sites (L2-L4, Femoral neck, Ward's triangle, Trochanter) BMDs, and to find aut the usefulness of DTX-200. METHODS: The authors surveyed the subjects of 76 perimenopausal women who had visited Kyunghee Medical Center and measured their bone mineral densities (BMDs) from February, 1997 to July, 1997. Measurements were done for distal radius, ultradistal-8mm radius BMD using DTX-200 (OSTEOMETER, Denmark), and other skeletal sites (L2-L4, Femoral neck, Wards triangle, Trochanter) BMDs using EXPERT (Lunar, USA). Using SPSS for windows, the correlation coefficients of the BMDs of both instruments were calculated. RESULTS: The total number of subjects were 76 (average age, 54.8 years, range 32~78years). Among them, 67 were postmenopausal women. The BMD measurements of various skeletal sites were as follows : distal radius, 0.41+/-0.07(g/cm2), ultradistal 8mm radius 0.34+/-0.07 (g/cm2), femoral neck 0.82+/-0.18 (g/cm2), trochanter 0.72+/-0.17 (g/cm2), Ward's triangle 0.59+/-0.22 (g/cm2), L2-L4 0.98+/-0.16(g/cm2). The correlations of BMDs between distal radius and femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle, and L2-L4 were 0.44, 0.35, 0.47, and 0.63, respectively. The correlations of BMDs between ultradistal-8mm radius and femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle, and L2-L4 were 0.64, 0.34, 0.41, and 0.69 respectively. CONCLUSION: The correlations of BMDs between distal radius and those of femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle, L2-L4 were moderately high.
Bone Density ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Radius*

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy on the reduction of dentinal hypersensitivity while taking into account the length and depth of the cervical abrasion. METHODS: We included adults (age, 20-60 years) with at least 2 hypersensitive teeth. The hypersensitive teeth were stimulated with a pressure-indicating probe and an air syringe. The response of the subjects to this stimulation was quantified using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Schiff air sensitivity score. The patients were treated at baseline, immediately after laser treatment, and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy. The results were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post hoc test. RESULTS: The values of tactile test and air blast test showed statistically significant differences between the following time points: baseline and immediately after laser treatment, baseline and first week after treatment, and immediately after laser treatment and first week after treatment (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the VAS values of the tactile test and Schiff air sensitivity score of the air blast test between the first and second, first and fourth, and second and fourth weeks after treatment (P>0.05). The depth and width of the cervical abrasion was not statistically significant in dentinal hypersensitivity reduction (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of Er:Cr:YSGG laser therapy reduced dentinal hypersensitivity, especially immediately after laser treatment. The depth and width of the cervical abrasion is not statistically significant in dentinal hypersensitivity reduction.
Adult ; Dentin ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Laser Therapy ; Syringes ; Tooth

We report two cases of hepatic metastases from choriocarcinoma in women of childbearing age in whom imaging studies performed at presentation revealed the presence of liver masses, and who had clinically progressive anemia or intraabdominal hemorrhage. CT demonstrated heterogeneously enhanced liver masses. Characteristic angiographic findings included hypervascular hepatic masses with aneurysmal dilatations of the peripheral hepatic arteries at the arterial phase and persistent vascular lakes at the venous phase.
Adult ; Angiography ; Case Report ; Choriocarcinoma/*radiography/*secondary ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology ; Human ; Liver Neoplasms/radiography/*secondary ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed