The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between social support, dependence of activities of daily living and depression among Parkinson's disease patients. Subjects were 122 patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurologic wards inpatients or neurology clinic out patients department in a tertiary-affiliated hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April 1996 to March 1997. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The lower the level of dependence of activities of daily living, the lower the level of depression. 2. The higher the level of perceived family support, the lower the level of depression. 3. The higher the level of perceived health personnel support, the lower the level of depression. 4. The rate of depression evaluated by Zung depression scale was 37.4%(mild to moderate:30.1%, moderate to severe:4.1%, severe:3.2%). 5. Socio-demographic characteristics sex, education, occupation, and the charge person of treatment cost, significantly influenced the level of depression. 6. There was no significant difference in level of depression, dependence of activities of daily living, stage of disease between user and nonuser of L-dopa. Suggestions were made for further studies: 1. To develop nursing intervention for decreasing the dependence of activities daily living is needed. 2. To identify the change pattern of depression by time.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Depression* ; Education ; Health Care Costs ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Levodopa ; Morinda ; Neurology ; Nursing ; Occupations ; Outpatients ; Parkinson Disease* ; Seoul

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a senior functional game (Rejuvenescent village) on cognitive function, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), depression, and life satisfaction in Korea. METHODS: An one-group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. Data were collected twice (at the beginning and the end) from 100 elderly adults in S city who played “Rejuvenescent village” 8 times (twice per week, one hour per session) for a month. Also they completed questionnaires on their cognitive function, IADL, depression, life satisfaction, and general characteristics. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 programs. RESULTS: The mean age was 70.06(±3.77) years, with a range of 65-80 years old. Among 100 subjects, 21% were male and 85% were young old. There were statistically significant differences in cognitive function (t=-3.32, p=.001), IADL (t=1.98, p=.049), and life satisfaction (t=-2.15, p=.034). Although there was no statistically significant difference in mean depression score (t=1.06, p=.292), categorized depression was statistically significant (χ²=62.97, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The findings in this study show that the serious game (Rejuvenescent village) was effective for older Koreans' cognitive function, IADL, depression, and life satisfaction. Thus, we need to consider senior functional games to get health benefits by making elderly adults active with enjoyment.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Adult ; Aged ; Cognition* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Korea ; Male

No abstract available.
Amputation* ; Replantation*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Fetal Death*

PURPOSE: Oncostatin M(OSM) is a multifunctional cytokine that belongs to the interleukin(IL)-6 family. Although there have been a number of studies that focused on the role and mechanism of OSM in various organs and tissues, there are few reports on its effect on wound healing. The final purpose of this project is to evaluate the effect of OSM on wound healing. This pilot study was designed to investigate the effect of OSM on proliferation and matrix synthesis of human dermal fibroblasts, which are the major components of the wound healing. METHODS: Excess skin that was obtained from patients who underwent skin grafts, was used for this study. From this material, fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. The cultured fibroblasts were treated with one of four concentrations of OSM. The OSM concentrations used were 0, 50, 100, and 200ng/ml, respectively. After the OSM treatment, cell proliferation was determined by the MTT assay, collagen synthesis by the C1CP method, GAG levels by the Blyscan Dye method. The parameter levels of each group were compared. RESULTS: OSM treatment increased all the components tested in the study. In particular, cell proliferation, GAG synthesis demonstrated statistically significant increases(p<0.05 in the Mann-Whitney U-test). The highest increase in all the components was obtained at a 100ng/ml concentration of OSM. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that OSM stimulates proliferation and matrix synthesis of human dermal fibroblast and the optimal concentration for wound healing is 100ng/mL.
Cell Proliferation ; Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Oncostatin M ; Pilot Projects ; Skin ; Transplants ; Wound Healing

Objective: The fire department-based emergency medical services (EMS) system and centralized direct medical oversight (DMO) system are well-established in Korea. In 2019, the government launched a national pilot program for expanding the scope of work of EMS providers. This study was undertaken to clinically examine DMO for the ‘specialized EMS squad’ in the Seoul Metropolitan City. Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of the current status of the EMS of the city and DMO. The basic statistics of firefighter EMS providers and the DMO physicians, as well as the number of ambulance runs, were investigated during the study period (July to December 2019). Records of the DMO physicians were also reviewed, to assess intervention of the ‘specialized EMS squad’. Results: Totally, 1,109 patients transferred to hospitals by the ‘specialized EMS squad’ were provided DMO (out-of-hospital cardiac arrest 833, chest pain 229, multiple injured trauma 21, anaphylaxis 17, unplanned out-of-hospital birth 4.; excluding 5 cases of insufficient records). In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, intravenous epinephrine was implemented by 538 cases (64.6%). Single dose of intravenous epinephrine was used in 218 cases (40.5%), whereas two doses were administered in 163 cases (30.3%). In patients with chest pain, 12-lead electrocardiography was achieved in 226 cases (98.7%). The epinephrine autoinjector (0.3 mg) was applied for 10 cases of anaphylaxis (61.1%). Umbilical cord cutting was executed during 2 births (50%). Conclusion The national pilot program to expand the scope of firefighter EMS providers was successfully implemented in the Seoul Metropolitan City. Emergency physicians played critical roles for the application. The firefighter EMS providers were able to accomplish advanced life support level practices in the prehospital setting by DMO.

Carbamylated hemoglobin (CarHb) is formed by the reaction of hemoglobin with cyanate derived from the spontaneous dissociation of in vivo urea. Previous studies have shown that formation of CarHb depends upon both the severity and the duration of renal failure. To study the clinical significances of CarHb in Korean patients with chronic renal failure, we measured CarHb levels by high-performance liquid chromatography in 159 CRF patients and 46 normal controls. Patients with CRF had a higher CarHb concentration than normal controls (107.9+/-58.8 vs 35.1+/-14.2 microgramVH/gHb; P<0.001). In patients with CRF, nondialysis group had a higher value than dialysis group (129.8+/-77.9 vs 98.7+/-46.1 microgramVH/gHb; P<0.05). There were no siginificant difference in CarHb levels between hemodialysis (92.0+/-35.8microgramVH/gHb) and peritoneal dialysis (106.7+/-55.3microgramVH/gHb) groups. CarHb levels were not different between diabetic and nondiabetic patients in predialysis and hemodialysis groups. Although there was a significant difference in peritoneal dialysis group, the BUN levels were also lower in diabetic patients than nondiabetic patients. There were no correlation between CarHb and HbA1c percentage in patients with diabetes. CarHb levels were positively correlated with BUN (r=0.489; P<0.001) and creatinine (r=0.458; P<0.01) concentrations. There were negative correlations between CarHb and both Kt/V (r=-0.358; P<0.05) and URR (r=-0.415; P<0.05) in hemodialysis patients. In conclusion, CarHb may be a useful index of uremic control in patients with chronic renal failure, and are independent of the mode of dialysis and the presence of diabetes.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Creatinine ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urea

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: One of the common problems of dental implant prosthesis is the loosening of the screw that connects each component, and this problem is more common in single implant-supported prostheses with external connection, and in molars. PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare the initial abutment screw detorque values of the six different implant-abutment interface designs, (2) to compare the detorque values of the six different implant-abutment interface designs after cyclic loading, (3) to compare the detorque values of regular and wide diameter implants and (4) to compare the initial detorque values with the detorque values after cyclic loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six different implant-abutment connection systems were used. The cement retained abutment and titanium screw of each system were assembled and tightened to 32Ncmwith digital torque gauge. After 10 minutes, initial detorque values were measured. The custom titanium crown were cemented temporarily and a cyclic sine curve load(20 to 320N, 14Hz) was applied. The detorque values were measured after cyclic loading of one million times by loading machine. One-way ANOVA test, scheffe's test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. RESULTS: The results were as follows : 1. The initial detorque values of six different implant-abutment connections were not significantly different(p> 0.05). 2. The detorque values after one million dynamic cyclic loading were significantly different (p <0.05). 3. The SS-II regular and wide implant both recorded the higher detorque values than other groups after cyclic loading(p <0.05). 4. Of the wide implants, the initial detorque values of Avana Self Tapping Implant, MIS and Tapered Screw Vent, and the detorque values of MIS implant after cyclic loading were higher than their regular counterparts(p <0.05). 5. After cyclic loading, SS-II regular and wide implants showed higher detorque values than before(p <0.05).
Crowns ; Dental Implants ; Molar ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium ; Torque