No abstract available.
Radiopharmaceuticals*

There are many difficulties in operative technique of total knee replacement of bony ankylotic knee, because it accompanies the deformity of the knee, contracture of soft tissue and bony ankylosis. It is said that there are poor gaining of post-operative range of motion and development of many problems in wound healing. We performed conversion TKR in seventeen patients who had fused knee between Jan. 1985 and Dec. 1991. After follow up of average three years and four months, we analyse the results. Sixteen patients were women and one was man. There were eight cases of tuberculosis knees, seven cases of septic knees and two cases of posttraumatic arthritis. Thirteen cases had previous knee surgery and in another four cases knee fusion developed spontaneously. Average age of patients were 35 years old. Operation was performed between ten months and twenty years averaging nine years after knee fusion. When blood chemistry and physical examination showed no findings of infection, operation was performed. We used bone cement in 8 cases and autogenous bone graft in 4 cases for large bone defect. For release of soft tissue contracture, in 8 cases, we lengthened quadriceps tendon with the method of V-Y advancement technique and in another 4 cases, performed patella tendon transfer from tibial tuberosity. Operative time was between three hours and four hours fifteen minutes, average three hours and fourty minutes. The results of these patients were as follows; 1. The postoperative average range of motion was 72° (20°-125°). The average extension lag was 9. 2. The average Hospital for Special Surgery knee rating score improved from 57 preoperatively to 84 postoperatively. 3. There were two patients who had pain on walking, but radiologically and clinically there were no loosening signs. 4. In three patients who had poor gaining of range of motion after operation, we performed arthroscopic adhesiolysis. There were two cases of transient peroneal nerve palsy which were recovered within 1 month and in another two case of deep infection with β-hemolytic streptococcus and pseudomonas, we performed knee fusion after one year ten months and one month after TKR. In conclusion, conversion TKR is a successful procedure which can obtain the restoration of function of the fused knee, especially in the cases that have adequate soft tissue condition, extensor mechanism and good bone stock.
Ankylosis ; Arthritis ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Chemistry ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Methods ; Operative Time ; Paralysis ; Patellar Ligament ; Peroneal Nerve ; Physical Examination ; Pseudomonas ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Streptococcus ; Tendons ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis ; Walking ; Wound Healing

This study was performed to investigate the factors related to tooth wear. For this study, 78 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 76 dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were selected as the patients group and as the normal group, respectively. Preferred chewing side, Angle's classification, lateral guidance pattern, head and shoulder posture wee observed clinically. Electromyographic activity of anterior temporalis and masseter muscle were recorded with BioEMG and occlusal status were recorded with T-Scan . Wear facet area of each tooth was measured from working model of upper arch corresponding to the occlusal status from T-Scan, Wear facet area were measured with planimeter in mm2. Total area were divided into incisal, canine, posterior tooth area. Anterior wearfacet area was incisor area plus canine area, and unilateral area was anterior area plus posterior area. The data collected were analyzed by SAS statistical program and the results of this study were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between the two groups in total werafacet area, and male subjects showed tendency to have larger area in the normal group but female subjects showed tendency vice versa. 2. There was no significant difference related to preferred chewing side and Angle's classification, however, some difference was observed by lateral guidance pattern. Anterior wear facet area in subjects of canine guidance was the largest in the three subgroups. 3. Subjects with head tilting to right side had larger posterior and total area, and subjects with higher shoulder in right side had larger canine and anterior area than any other subgrous. 4. Electromyographic activity of masseter muscle was more correlated with wear facet area than anterior temporalis muscle, and tooth contact number and force were significantly correlated with wear facet area, but the most important factor affecting tooth attrition was age.
Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Malocclusion ; Masseter Muscle ; Mastication ; Posture ; Shoulder ; Students, Dental ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Tooth Attrition ; Tooth Wear* ; Tooth*

Intraperitoneal adminstration of radioisotopes is suggested to treat the metastatic ovarian cancer in the pertioneal cavity. Administering beta-emitting radioisotopes into the pertioneal cavity allows the maximum energy delivery to the cancerous cells of the pertioneal wall surface while sparing the normal cells located in deep site of the peritoneal wall. In this study, dose estimates of the peritoneal wall are provided to be used for prescribing the amount of 166Ho-chitosan complex administered. The 166Ho-chitosan complex diffused in the peritoneal fluid may attach to the peritoneal wall surface. The attachment fraction of 166Ho-chitosan complex to the peritoneal wall surface is obtained by simulating the ascites with Fischer rats. Both volume source in the peritoneal fluid and the surface source over the peritoneal wall surface are counted for the contribution to the peritoneal wall dose. The Monte Carlo code EGS4 is used to simulate the energy transfer of the beta particles emitted from 166Ho. A plane geometrical model of semi-infinite volume describes the peritoneal cavity and peritoneal wall. A semi-infinite plane of 10 micrometer in thickness at every 1 mm of depth in the peritoneal wall is taken as the target in dose estimation. Greater han 98 percents of attachment fraction has been observed from the experiments with Fischer rats. Given 1.3 microcurie/cm2 and 2.4 microcurie/ml of uniform activity density, absorbed dose is 123 Gy, 8.59 Gy, 3.00 Gy, 1.03 Gy, and 327 Gy at 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm in depth to the peritoneal wall, respectively.
Ascites ; Ascitic Fluid ; Beta Particles ; Energy Transfer ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Radioisotopes ; Rats, Inbred F344

No abstract available.
Antioxidants* ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate*

Primary pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the common pulmonary disease affecting children in Korea. Simple chest film is essential in diagnosis of primary pulmonary tuberculosis, but it is difficult to interpret the findings in some cases. Authors reviewed chest films of 162 cases of clinically confirmed primary pulmonary tuberculosis from April 1978 to June 1981 at Seoul National University Hospital. The results are as follows; 1. Lymph node enlargement, either hilar or mediastinal, was found in 82.7% and pulmonary parenchymal infiltration in74%. 2. Incidence of unilateral and bilateral hilar lymph node enlargement is about 50% (81cases) and 30% (49cases) respectively. Incidence of unilateral and bilateral mediastinal lymph node enlargement is about 21% (34cases) and 4.3% (7 cases), more common in right side. 3. Pulmonary parenchymal lesion is demonstrated in 74% (120cases). The pattern of primary focus is as follows in order; patchy infiltration 47% (76 cases) linear-streaky infiltration 15% (25 cases), lobar or segmental homogenous infiltration 9% (14 cases), nodular infiltration 4% (7cases). The primary focus of right lung is two times as common as that of left. 4. Calcification in primary focusis noted in about 27% in pulmonary parenchyma and 49% in hilum. 5. Plerual effusion is identified in 10%, but pleural effusion without pulmonary parenchymal lesion or lymph node enlargement is noted in only 2% (3 cases).
Child ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Lymph Nodes ; Pleural Effusion ; Seoul ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

As the number of primary total knee arthroplasties (TKA) have increased, there has been a corresponding increase in the number of revision TKAs. The purpose of the this study is to report on the follow-up results of 50 revision TKAs, and to assess their clinical outcome. From January 1990 to December 1995, 50 revision TKAs were perfomed in 43 patients, by one surgeon. Mean follow up time was 2.5 years (range, 1 to 6 years). The mean interval from the initial arthroplasty to revision was 4.6 years (range, 3 months-12.6 years). The causes of the revision were wear of polyethylene in 29 joints (58%), infection in seven (14%) and aseptic loosening in six. The revision components were fixed with cement in all cases. Additional fixations were obtained with modular stems (femoral 11 cases, tibial 13 cases), 9 tibial metal wedges, 7 femoral augmentations, and 12 allografts. The Knee Rating Scale of Hospital for Special Surgery was used for clinical assessment. The mean flexion contracture and further flexion of knee joint were 8.8degrees (range, 0-70degrees), 98.5degrees (range, 5-135degrees) preoperatively, and 3.7degrees (range, 0-15degrees), 112degrees (range, 75-135degrees) postoperatively. The Knee Rating Scale improved from 66.5 points (range, 15-83) to 87.5 points (range, 79-98). There were two cases of complications, dislocation of patella and superficial wound problem in each case. In conclusion, wear was the most common cause of failure of primary TKA. The results of revision in infected TKA were less favorable than that of wear and loosening. The prosthetic design and thickness of polyethylene were the most important factors related to wear. The tibial component of PCA and patellar component of Miller-Galante had significant wear problems.
Allografts ; Arthroplasty* ; Contracture ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Patella ; Polyethylene ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations, contact history, and status of tuberculosis contact investigations in school-age children and adolescents with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at two centers. METHODS: This study was conducted with 54 patients in the age ranging from 10 to 18 years, who were diagnosed with pulmonary TB at the Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University Children's Hospital, January 2008 to December 2012. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 16 years old; 11 patients were aged 10 to 14 and 43 patients were aged 15 to 18. Among 54 patients, 19 had history of contact with pulmonary TB, 10 had contact with house members (household), and remaining 9 had contact with classmates (non-household). One out of 10 patients who had household contacts and 6 out of 9 patients who had non-household contacts were evaluated with contact investigation after the exposure to pulmonary TB. Among 7 patients who were evaluated with contact investigation, 3 were diagnosed with active pulmonary TB, 1 had latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and 3 had no evidence of TB or LTBI. The median period of diagnosis after the exposure to active pulmonary TB was 2 years in patients with household contacts and 0.23 years in patients with non-household contacts. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that if the contact investigation conducted properly, it would be helpful for early diagnosis and prevention of pulmonary TB.
Adolescent* ; Busan ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Latent Tuberculosis ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

We analyzed 34 extension contracture of the knee patients after modified Judet's procedure. Male patient was 32 and female was 2. Age ranged from 19 years to 61 years average being 34 years old. Follow-up period ranged from 12 months to 7 years and 8 months average being 3 years 8 months. 1. The extension contracture of the knee were due to not only scarring of the vastus intermedius but contractures of quadriceps muscles, and finally did lead to intraarticular adhesion in all cases. 2. The results of modified Judet's procedure were excellent or good in 97% and we concluded that the modified Judet's procedure of quadricepsplasty was good method of treatment in extension contracture of the knee. 3. The extension lag after modified Judet's procedures was increased initially but overcame by physical therapy, and did not significantly increase even after release of rectus femoris. 4. Modified Judet's procedure was able to permit early physical therapy without any skin problem.
Cicatrix ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Methods ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Skin

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for anatomy of proximal tibia by real measurement, to determine the morphologic fitness between the proximal tibia of Korean and the tibial prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty, and consequently to provide basic data for development of prosthesis that appropriate to Korean. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anteroposterior length and mediolateral length of proximal tibia were measured for 173 knees of 117 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Also, obtained data from intraoperative measure of proximal tibia were analysed according to patient's age, sex and disease. RESULTS: The results show that average mediolateral length of proximal tibia is 72.7 +/- 4.0mm, average anteroposterior length of medial plateau is 48.0 +/- 3.1mm, and average anteroposterior length of lateral plateau is 39.8 +/- 2.9mm. The mediolateral length of proximal tibia and the anteroposterior length of medial tibial plateau are significantly larger than tibial prosthesis designed by 5 different companies. The morphological differences according to disease entity are significantly larger in osteoarthritic patient group than in other disease entity. The significant difference according to patient's age is not found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show the morphologic discrepancy between the proximal tibia of Korean and the tibial prostheses, and the development of design of tibial prosthesis for Korean should be considered.
Arthroplasty* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Prosthesis Design ; Tibia*