A total of 197 cases of fungal infections in biopsy specimens obtained from the pathology file of the Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, for a period of 28 years from 1960 to 1987 were studied by histopathologic investigations with analysis of clinical records. The following results are obtained; 1) While most fungal infections increased in number, annual relative frequency of them were between 0.1% and 0.2%. 2) Among 197 cases of fungal infections, deep-seated mycosis was 175 cases (88.8%). Aspergillosis was the most common mycosis, accounting for 29.4 percent. 3) The age and sex distribution of fungal infection was even throughout the ages, but it was more common in age group over fifty, and the male was more frequently affected than the female. 4) Aspergillosis was encountered in 58 cases (29.4%) and the preferred localization was the lung. The candidiasis was seen in 48 cases (24.4%) and the preferred localization of cryptococcosis was lymph node and skin.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Biopsy

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

As a contrast to the surgery described in part I, a lamellar undermining was performed in a conventional way. The sclera was lamellarly undermined on the retinal hole areas which extended at least 3 mm beyond the disc edge of the retinal breaks. If the scleral buckling with a circling element is indicated the location of the undermined area determines whether the circling band must follow the globe's equator or another great circle around the eye, The technique for decreasing a vitreoretinal traction used in this series of cases was that proposed by Schepens. Of 56 surgical procedures for retinal detachment, there was a case of an unsuccessful closure of the retinal break due to fishmouthing of the posterior edge of the break. The technique proposed by Schepens was sufficiently promising. But it has the following drawbacks; difficulties in exact hole localization in a high detached retina, anchoring sutures of the circling band behind the equator and problems to protect the vortex veins from the circling band etc. Our experience since 1978, led us to modify the conventional view, in favor of the circumferential buckling on the equator.
Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Sclera ; Scleral Buckling ; Sutures ; Traction ; Veins

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Child* ; Colon* ; Humans ; Mucins*

In recent years pulmonary function teste have had a wide application in clinical pulmonary diseases. By combining a number of different pulmonary function tests, abnormality present in a particular pa tient can be defined. This narrows the list of possible diagnosis and allows to determine accurately the degree of impairment and assess the pesponse to therapy. To assess the pulmonary function in a patient and label as abnormal, it becomes important to define the range of expected values for a normal population. These normal'predicted values'vary according to sex and prowth, i.e., age, height, and weight, particularly in children. In addition, race and geography have been consistently shown to bc an important determinant of lung function. In order to obtain normal perdicted values of pulmonary function tests in Korean school-aged children, we performed spirometry-based pulmonary function tests on the normal healthy 2022 children, age from 6 through 15, and analyzed the data, with the parameters such as sex, age, height, weight, and body surface area. We calculated each of their simple and complex linear and logarithmic regression equations setting the predicted values. The results are as follows: 1) Predicted values of pulmonary function test items were generally higher in boys than those of girls. 2) A correlation coefficient to the parameters examined was the highest in FEV1, then those of FVC, FEF25,PEFR, FEF50, MMEF, AND FEF75 follow in order. 3) Of the parameters examined, height had the highest correlation coefficient consistently in all pulmonary function test items. 4) As compared with the inland and overseas data, some differences were observed.
Body Surface Area ; Child* ; Continental Population Groups ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Geography ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Respiratory Function Tests*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the construct equivalence of the five general factors (subjective health, eating habits, physical activities, sedentary lifestyle, and sleeping behaviors) and to compare the latent means between male and female middle school students in Incheon, Korea. METHODS: The 2008 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey data was used for analysis. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test whether the scale has configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender. RESULTS: Configural invariance, metric invariance, and factor invariance were satisfied for latent means analysis (LMA) between genders. Male and female students were significantly different in LMA of all factors. Male students reported better subjective health, consumed more fast food and carbonated drinks, participated in more physical activities, showed less sedentary behavior, and enjoyed better quality of sleep than female students. CONCLUSION: Health providers should consider gender differences when they develop and deliver health promotion programs aimed at adolescents.
Adolescent ; Carbonated Beverages ; Eating ; Fast Foods ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Risk-Taking ; Sedentary Lifestyle ; Sex Characteristics

Recently, we experienced a patient with a B cell leukemia which could not be classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), prolymphocytic leukemia (PL) or follicular lymphoma in leukemic phase. He is a 58-year-old male and suffered from progressive lymphadenopathy at both inguinal and cervical areas. His blood film showed lymphocytosis (79%), and the cells were heterogeneous in size and shape. Twenty-five percent of the lymphocytes had nuclear irregularities or cleavages unlike the lymphocytes of CLL In which the cells often shows monomorphic features, small size with scanty cytoplasm and round nucleus. The bone marrow trephine biopsy specimen showed a diffuse pattern of infiltration of atypical Iymphoid cells. The lymph node histology showed atypical lymphoid colls proliferated as wide mantles around non-neoplastic appearing germinal centers. The immunophenotype of circulating lymphocytes in peripheral blood showed strong reactivity with CD5, CDl9 and CD20 without expression of CD2, CD3, CD7, CD10, CD22 and CD23. Although this case resembled CLL, the laboratory features showed major differences, notably in the Peripheral blood morphology, histology Patterns and the membrane Phenotype. By combining these data, we diagnosed this case as a leukemic phase of mantle cell lymphoma.
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Cytoplasm ; Germinal Center ; Humans ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Leukemia, Prolymphocytic ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytosis ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell* ; Male ; Membranes ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Endocarditis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the compliance level of therapy and the change in exo-angle after 1 or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy in intermittent exotropia. METHODS: This retrospective study included 97 patients with intermittent exotropia who were followed-up for more than 6 months after their initial visit. We evaluated the exo-angle and prescribed either 1 hour or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy for the fixating eye. After 6 months, the exo-angle was reevaluated and compliance was examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the occlusion therapy time: the 1-hour patching group (33 patients) and the 2-hour patching group (64 patients). Compliance and deviation angle were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the 2 groups. We evaluated the exo-angle of patients with compliance over 50% (1-hour patching group (31 patients), 2-hour patching group (51 patients)). RESULTS: The mean exo-angles on the first visit were 22.61 +/- 5.78 PD (prism diopters) at distance and 22.88 +/- 8.11 PD at close-range in the 1-hour patching group, and 26.17 +/- 4.55 PD at distance and 25.27 +/- 8.54 PD at close-range in the 2-hour patching group. The proportion of patients with compliance over 50% was higher in the 1-hour patching group (93.94%) than in the 2-hour patching group (79.69%, p = 0.013). There were significant decreases in distant and close- range deviation angles after part-time occlusion in patients with compliance over 50% in both groups (1-hour patching group distant p = 0.042, close-range p = 0.002; 2-hour patching group distant p < 0.001, close-range p < 0.001). The magnitude of deviation angle decrease was not statistically significant between the 2 groups (ANCOVA; distant p = 0.461, near p = 0.761). CONCLUSIONS: One or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy in intermittent exotropia provided beneficial effects, including decreasing the deviation angle. The magnitude of deviation angle decrease, however, was not different between the 2 times of therapy. Compliance was higher in the 1-hour part-time occlusion therapy group. Therefore, 1-hour part-time occlusion therapy could be effective in patients with poor cooperation.
Compliance ; Exotropia* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Humans