1.An unusual combination of trisomy 21 and partial trisomy 5q.
Chong Jai KIM ; Je Geun CHI ; Kyu Hyung LEE ; Chun Kun LEE ; Myung Su YOO ; Yong Kyun PAIK
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1992;7(4):373-376
The authors describe a male newborn with multiple congenital anomalies; craniofacial dysmorphism, bilateral cleft palate and lip, ambiguous external genitalia with absence of phallus, ventricular septal defect, agenesis of olfactory bulbs, and presence of small round cells simulating migration defect in the cerebellar white matter. Cytogenetic study demonstrated a chromosomal constitution of 47,XY, +21, +5q. Its pathological significance compared with Down's syndrome and hitherto reported partial trisomy 5q is discussed.
Abnormalities, Multiple/*genetics/pathology
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*Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
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Down Syndrome/*genetics/pathology
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Humans
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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Phenotype
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*Trisomy
2.In Vitro Generation of Luminal Vasculature in Liver Organoids:From Basic Vascular Biology to Vascularized Hepatic Organoids
Hyo Jin KIM ; Gyeongmin KIM ; Kyun Yoo CHI ; Jong-Hoon KIM
International Journal of Stem Cells 2023;16(1):1-15
Liver organoids have gained much attention in recent years for their potential applications to liver disease modeling and pharmacologic drug screening. Liver organoids produced In Vitro reflect some aspects of the in vivo physiological and pathological conditions of the liver. However, the generation of liver organoids with perfusable luminal vasculature remains a major challenge, hindering precise and effective modeling of liver diseases. Furthermore, vascularization is required for large organoids or assembloids to closely mimic the complexity of tissue architecture without cell death in the core region. A few studies have successfully generated liver organoids with endothelial cell networks, but most of these vascular networks produced luminal structures after being transplanted into tissues of host animals. Therefore, formation of luminal vasculature is an unmet need to overcome the limitation of liver organoids as an In Vitro model investigating different acute and chronic liver diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the unique features of hepatic vasculature under pathophysiological conditions and summarize the biochemical and biophysical cues that drive vasculogenesis and angiogenesis In Vitro. We also highlight recent progress in generating vascularized liver organoids In Vitro and discuss potential strategies that may enable the generation of perfusable luminal vasculature in liver organoids.
3.Mortality of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Korea: Assessed with the Pneumonia Severity Index and the CURB-65 Score.
Hye In KIM ; Shin Woo KIM ; Hyun Ha CHANG ; Seung Ick CHA ; Jae Hee LEE ; Hyun Kyun KI ; Hae Suk CHEONG ; Kwang Ha YOO ; Seong Yeol RYU ; Ki Tae KWON ; Byung Kee LEE ; Eun Ju CHOO ; Do Jin KIM ; Cheol In KANG ; Doo Ryeon CHUNG ; Kyong Ran PECK ; Jae Hoon SONG ; Gee Young SUH ; Tae Sun SHIM ; Young Keun KIM ; Hyo Youl KIM ; Chi Sook MOON ; Hyun Kyung LEE ; Seong Yeon PARK ; Jin Young OH ; Sook In JUNG ; Kyung Hwa PARK ; Na Ra YUN ; Sung Ho YOON ; Kyung Mok SOHN ; Yeon Sook KIM ; Ki Suck JUNG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2013;28(9):1276-1282
The pneumonia severity index (PSI) and CURB-65 are widely used tools for the prediction of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study was conducted to evaluate validation of severity scoring system including the PSI and CURB-65 scores of Korean CAP patients. In the prospective CAP cohort (participated in by 14 hospitals in Korea from January 2009 to September 2011), 883 patients aged over 18 yr were studied. The 30-day mortalities of all patients were calculated with their PSI index classes and CURB scores. The overall mortality rate was 4.5% (40/883). The mortality rates per CURB-65 score were as follows: score 0, 2.3% (6/260); score 1, 4.0% (12/300); score 2, 6.0% (13/216); score 3, 5.7% (5/88); score 4, 23.5% (4/17); and score 5, 0% (0/2). Mortality rate with PSI risk class were as follows: I, 2.3% (4/174); II, 2.7% (5/182); III, 2.3% (5/213); IV, 4.5% (11/245); and V, 21.7% (15/69). The subgroup mortality rate of Korean CAP patients varies based on the severity scores and CURB-65 is more valid for the lower scores, and PSI, for the higher scores. Thus, these variations must be considered when using PSI and CURB-65 for CAP in Korean patients.
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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Cohort Studies
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Community-Acquired Infections/*mortality
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Female
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Humans
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Intensive Care Units
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Pneumonia/*mortality
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Prospective Studies
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Republic of Korea
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*Severity of Illness Index
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Young Adult