STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The aim of this study was to study the effects of various surface treatments to a titanium surface on the expression of Runx2 in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human Osteosarcoma TE-85 cells were cultured on machined, sandblasted, or anodic oxidized cpTi discs. At various times of incubation, the cells were collected and then processed for the analysis of mRNA expression of Runx2 using reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS: The expression pattern of Runx2 mRNA was differed according to the types of surface treatment. When the cells were cultured on the untreated control culture plates, the gene expression of Runx2 was not increased during the experiments. In the case of that the cells were cultured on the machined cpTI discs, the expression level was intermediate at the first day, but increased constitutively to day 5. In cells on sandblasted cpTi discs, the expression level was highest in the first day sample and the level was maintained to 5 days. In cells on anodized cpTi discs, the expression level increased rapidly to 3 days, but decreased slightly in the 5-th day sample. CONCLUSION: Different surface treatments may contribute to the regulation of osteoblast function by influencing the level of gene expression of key osteogenic factors.
Durapatite ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Osteosarcoma ; RNA, Messenger ; Titanium

BACKGROUND: In order to restore severely attrited teeth properly, surgical intervention in the form of a crown-lengthening procedure may be required. And also, proper diagnosis and treatment sequencing is critical to obtain a successful results. Adequate diagnostic wax-up ensures good esthetics and healthy periodontal tissue. CASE DESCRIPTION: This clinical case report describes a diagnostically based protocol for restoration on mandibular anterior teeth with crown lengthening procedure and the treatment of partially edentulous mandible combined with an edentulous maxilla. In addition, the effort to prevent the combination syndrome was described. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: An interdisciplinary diagnosis and examination through visualization of the desired results ensure conservative and more predictable outcome.
Crown Lengthening ; Crowns ; Dietary Sucrose ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Mouth ; Mouth Rehabilitation ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: Though implant dentistry is very successful and predictable in treatment of patients with destroyed dentition, there are some cases with limitations to implant therapy. In these cases, alternative treatment modality should be considered. CASE DESCRIPTION: A patient with destroyed dentition was rehabilitated with a lateral rotational path removable partial denture. According to the diagnosis, we determined to raise vertical dimension for esthetic and functional restoration. The final restoration was performed after four months of provisional period. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: The edentulous patients with compromised esthetics and functions can be successfully treated with a rotational path removable partial denture through adequate treatment planning and precise laboratory procedure.
Dentistry ; Dentition ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Mouth ; Mouth Rehabilitation ; Tooth Attrition ; Vertical Dimension

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Head* ; Neck*

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of third molar extraction on the periodontal status of the adjacent second molar. A total of 61 second molars in 31 adult periodontitis patients were examined. Among them, 27 second molars without adjacent third molars were included in the test group, and 34 second molars with third molar were included in the control group. Clinical parameters including plaque index, gingival index, and pocket depth and radiographic bone loss were measured around the second molar both in test and control group. The result showed that: (1) the mean plaque index and gingival index of control group were higher than these of the test group but the difference was not statistically significant, (2) the mean pocket depth of the control group was higher than the test group significantly at distal and buccal surface, (3) radiographic bone loss was greater in control group than test group significantly, (4) in Pearson correlation analysis between the age of extraction and radiographic bone loss in the test group, a positive relationship was shown(p<0.01). Within limitation of this study, it may be concluded that third molar extraction in periodontitis patients showed an improvement in periodontal status in contrast the patients group having third molar, therefore earlier a removal of third molar may minimize radiographic bone loss of the adjacent second molar.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical outcomes between high and low fluid-dynamic parameter settings during phacoemulsification. METHODS: In this retrospective study we analyzed 183 consecutive eyes with senile cataracts that underwent cataract surgery between October 2010 and January 2015. The phacoemulsifications were performed with high and low fluidic parameter settings, which were designated by different fluid heights, aspiration flow rates, and vacuum settings. We measured and compared the intraoperative factors including fluid consumption, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), ultrasound time, intraoperative complications, and pupil size changes during the phacoemulsification. Central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured and compared preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the fluid consumption, CDE, or ultrasound time during phacoemulsification between the 2 groups. The frequencies of intraoperative complications were not statistically significant. UCVA, BCVA, and ECD were not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups during the postoperative follow-up. The low parameter group showed the lower increase in CCT on postoperative day 30. CONCLUSIONS: The phacoemulsifications with low fluid-dynamic parameter resulted in less damage to intraocular tissue without any significantly different postoperative findings. The phacoemulsification with low fluid-dynamic parameter setting is more advantageous due to stable and safe aspects.
Cataract ; Endothelial Cells ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intraoperative Complications ; Phacoemulsification* ; Pupil ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Vacuum ; Visual Acuity

Background: Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting, acute, or subacute inflammatory skin disease that usually starts with a herald patch on the trunk and progresses to a generalized rash over the trunk and limbs. Some clinical trials have suggested that antibiotic macrolides help shorten the duration of skin manifestations in pityriasis rosea; however, the extent of the benefits is unclear. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic macrolides compared to placebo in pityriasis rosea. Methods: A computerized search was performed using different databases, including Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Then, statistical analyses of the outcome data extracted from the studies were performed using Rex Software (version 3.0.1). Results: Total 160 records were identified by searching databases including Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated statistical differences between the use of antibiotic macrolides and placebo in the complete and partial resolution of pityriasis rosea (effectiveness) (RR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.21∼2.78, p=0.004).However, in subgroup analyses, there were no statistical differences compared to placebo in the skin manifestation effectiveness group for azithromycin and clarithromycin, whereas erythromycin showed statistical differences. Conclusion Erythromycin was superior to placebo in the treatment of pityriasis rosea. However, this study had some limitations, including insufficient articles and data. Therefore, further investigation is required.

Background: Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting, acute, or subacute inflammatory skin disease that usually starts with a herald patch on the trunk and progresses to a generalized rash over the trunk and limbs. Some clinical trials have suggested that antibiotic macrolides help shorten the duration of skin manifestations in pityriasis rosea; however, the extent of the benefits is unclear. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic macrolides compared to placebo in pityriasis rosea. Methods: A computerized search was performed using different databases, including Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Then, statistical analyses of the outcome data extracted from the studies were performed using Rex Software (version 3.0.1). Results: Total 160 records were identified by searching databases including Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated statistical differences between the use of antibiotic macrolides and placebo in the complete and partial resolution of pityriasis rosea (effectiveness) (RR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.21∼2.78, p=0.004).However, in subgroup analyses, there were no statistical differences compared to placebo in the skin manifestation effectiveness group for azithromycin and clarithromycin, whereas erythromycin showed statistical differences. Conclusion Erythromycin was superior to placebo in the treatment of pityriasis rosea. However, this study had some limitations, including insufficient articles and data. Therefore, further investigation is required.

The expression of two intermediate filaments, nestin and vimentin, was studied in spinal cord injury (SCI) to elucidate their roles in the formation of glial scars. Rats were sacrificed 1, 4, and 7 days after induction of compression injury of the spinal cord using an aneurysm clip. The affected spinal cords were studied using antibodies against nestin and vimentin intermediate filaments. One day after spinal cord injury, some clusters of nestin-positive vessels were detected in the center of the injury, but few were seen in other cell types. Vimentin immunostaining was detected in some glial cells in the center and its level of immunoreactivity was enhanced in the ependymal cells of the central canal. On days 4 and 7 after spinal cord injury, astrocytes and some ependymal cells in the central canal were stained positively for nestin and increased expression of nestin was observed in vessels. Vimentin was detected in some macrophages and astrocytes in the lesions. Nestin was co-localized with glial fibrillary acidic protein in some glial cells in SCI. These findings imply that spinal cord cells in adult animals have embryonic capacity, and these cells are activated after injury, which in turn contributes to repair of spinal cord injury through formation of a glial scar.
Animals ; Cicatrix/pathology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/analysis ; Intermediate Filaments/*physiology ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Neuroglia/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*pathology ; Vimentin/analysis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The application of a simple, clinically applicable noninvasive test to assess implant stability are considered highly desirable. So far there is still a controversy about correlation of various tests and implant stability. PURPOSE: In order to assess implant stability, the development of a new method is critical. It' s possible to assess implant stability by calculating energy and angular momentum during implant installation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation of energy and implant stability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty three implants were installed in two different types of pig bone. Type I bone was retrieved from the distal aspect of the rib, with more cortical bone. Type II bone came from a more proximal region with less cortical components and a higher content of bone marrow and spongeous trabeculae. Insertion torque, removal torque, ISQ values and angular momentum and energy were measured. Pearson Correlation test was done to analyze the relation between RFA, maximum insertion torque, mean insertion torque, bone type, energy and removal torque. RESULTS: Type I bone showed higher removal torque than type II bone. Energy value was significantly correlated with maximum insertion torque and mean insertion torque. RFA values were related with insertion torques but the significance was lower than Energy value. CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study energy values were considered clinically predictable method to measure the implant stability.
Bone Marrow ; Dental Implants ; Porphyrins ; Ribs ; Salicylates ; Torque